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<p>
Next: <a href="FREQUENCIES.html#FREQUENCIES" accesskey="n" rel="next">FREQUENCIES</a>, Up: <a href="Statistics.html#Statistics" accesskey="u" rel="up">Statistics</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<a name="DESCRIPTIVES-1"></a>
<h3 class="section">15.1 DESCRIPTIVES</h3>

<a name="index-DESCRIPTIVES"></a>
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<pre class="display">DESCRIPTIVES
        /VARIABLES=<var>var_list</var>
        /MISSING={VARIABLE,LISTWISE} {INCLUDE,NOINCLUDE}
        /FORMAT={LABELS,NOLABELS} {NOINDEX,INDEX} {LINE,SERIAL}
        /SAVE
        /STATISTICS={ALL,MEAN,SEMEAN,STDDEV,VARIANCE,KURTOSIS,
                     SKEWNESS,RANGE,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,SUM,DEFAULT,
                     SESKEWNESS,SEKURTOSIS}
        /SORT={NONE,MEAN,SEMEAN,STDDEV,VARIANCE,KURTOSIS,SKEWNESS,
               RANGE,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,SUM,SESKEWNESS,SEKURTOSIS,NAME}
              {A,D}
</pre></div>

<p>The <code>DESCRIPTIVES</code> procedure reads the active dataset and outputs
descriptive
statistics requested by the user.  In addition, it can optionally
compute Z-scores.
</p>
<p>The <code>VARIABLES</code> subcommand, which is required, specifies the list of
variables to be analyzed.  Keyword <code>VARIABLES</code> is optional.
</p>
<p>All other subcommands are optional:
</p>
<p>The <code>MISSING</code> subcommand determines the handling of missing variables.  If
<code>INCLUDE</code> is set, then user-missing values are included in the
calculations.  If <code>NOINCLUDE</code> is set, which is the default, user-missing
values are excluded.  If <code>VARIABLE</code> is set, then missing values are
excluded on a variable by variable basis; if <code>LISTWISE</code> is set, then
the entire case is excluded whenever any value in that case has a
system-missing or, if <code>INCLUDE</code> is set, user-missing value.
</p>
<p>The <code>FORMAT</code> subcommand affects the output format.  Currently the
<code>LABELS/NOLABELS</code> and <code>NOINDEX/INDEX</code> settings are not used.
When <code>SERIAL</code> is
set, both valid and missing number of cases are listed in the output;
when <code>NOSERIAL</code> is set, only valid cases are listed.
</p>
<p>The <code>SAVE</code> subcommand causes <code>DESCRIPTIVES</code> to calculate Z scores for all
the specified variables.  The Z scores are saved to new variables.
Variable names are generated by trying first the original variable name
with Z prepended and truncated to a maximum of 8 characters, then the
names ZSC000 through ZSC999, STDZ00 through STDZ09, ZZZZ00 through
ZZZZ09, ZQZQ00 through ZQZQ09, in that sequence.  In addition, Z score
variable names can be specified explicitly on <code>VARIABLES</code> in the variable
list by enclosing them in parentheses after each variable.
When Z scores are calculated, <small>PSPP</small> ignores <code>TEMPORARY</code>,
treating temporary transformations as permanent.
</p>
<p>The <code>STATISTICS</code> subcommand specifies the statistics to be displayed:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code><code>ALL</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>All of the statistics below.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>MEAN</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Arithmetic mean.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>SEMEAN</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Standard error of the mean.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>STDDEV</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Standard deviation.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>VARIANCE</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Variance.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>KURTOSIS</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Kurtosis and standard error of the kurtosis.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>SKEWNESS</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Skewness and standard error of the skewness.
</p></dd>
<dt><code><code>RANGE</code></code></dt>
<dd><p>Range.
</p></dd>
<dt><code>MINIMUM</code></dt>
<dd><p>Minimum value.
</p></dd>
<dt><code>MAXIMUM</code></dt>
<dd><p>Maximum value.
</p></dd>
<dt><code>SUM</code></dt>
<dd><p>Sum.
</p></dd>
<dt><code>DEFAULT</code></dt>
<dd><p>Mean, standard deviation of the mean, minimum, maximum.
</p></dd>
<dt><code>SEKURTOSIS</code></dt>
<dd><p>Standard error of the kurtosis.
</p></dd>
<dt><code>SESKEWNESS</code></dt>
<dd><p>Standard error of the skewness.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>The <code>SORT</code> subcommand specifies how the statistics should be sorted.  Most
of the possible values should be self-explanatory.  <code>NAME</code> causes the
statistics to be sorted by name.  By default, the statistics are listed
in the order that they are specified on the <code>VARIABLES</code> subcommand.
The <code>A</code> and <code>D</code> settings request an ascending or descending
sort order, respectively.
</p>
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Next: <a href="FREQUENCIES.html#FREQUENCIES" accesskey="n" rel="next">FREQUENCIES</a>, Up: <a href="Statistics.html#Statistics" accesskey="u" rel="up">Statistics</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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