/usr/share/openbabel/2.3.2/patterns.txt is in libopenbabel4v5 2.3.2+dfsg-2.2build1.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 | #Comments after SMARTS
##############################################################################
# #
# Open Babel file: patterns.txt #
# #
# Copyright (c) 2005 Chris Morley #
# Part of the Open Babel package, under the GNU General Public License (GPL)#
# #
# Functional groups for molecular fingerprinting based on Checkmol: #
# http://merian.pch.univie.ac.at/~nhaider/cheminf/fgtable.pdf #
# (Numbers 200+ are from Chris Swain) #
# SMARTS Patterns are used by finger3.cpp:PatternFP #
# Format of each line is a SMARTS pattern, then optionally #
# followed by a tab character and a pattern number and/or description #
# (everything after the tab will be ignored by the code) #
# A file of this format needs the same first line as this one. #
# An alternative format, as in SMARTS_InteLigand.txt, can also be used #
# #
# INCOMPLETE!! Really only useful to test the fingerprint FP3 #
##############################################################################
[+] 1 cation
[-] 2 anion
[#6][CX3](=O) 3 aldehyde or ketone
[CX3H1](=O)[#6] 4 aldehyde
[#6][CX3](=O)[#6] 5 ketone
[#6][CX3](=S) 6 thioaldehyde or thioketone
[CX3H1](=S) 7 thioaldehyde
[#6]C(=[S])[#6] 8 thioketone
[CX3]=N([#6,#1])[#6,#1] 9 imine
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=[N][N]([#6,#1])[#6,#1] 10 hydrazone
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=[N][N]([#6,#1])C(=[O])[N]([#6,#1])[#6,#1] 11 semicarbazone
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=[N][N]([#6,#1])C(=[S])[N]([#6,#1])[#6,#1] 12 thiosemicarbazone
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=[N][OH] 13 oxime
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=[N][O][#6] 14 oxime ether
[CX3]=C=O 15 ketene
[CX3]=C=O 16 keten acetyl derivative***
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])([OH])([OH]) 17 carbonyl hydrate
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])([OH])(O[#6]) 18 hemiacetal
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])(O[#6])(O[#6]) 19 acetal
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])(N([#6,#1])[#6,#1])(O[#6]) 20 hemiaminal
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])(N([#6,#1])[#6,#1])(N([#6,#1])[#6,#1]) 21 aminal
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])(N([#6,#1])[#6,#1])([S][#6]) 22 thiohemiaminal
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])([S][#6])([S][#6]) 23 thioacetal
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=C([#6,#1])N([#6,#1])[#6,#1] 24 enamine
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=C([#6,#1])[OH] 25 enol
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])=C([#6,#1])O[#6] 26 enol ether
[#6][OH] 27 hydroxy compound
C[OH] 28 alcohol
[#6][CH2][OH] 29 primary alcohol
[#6][CH]([#6])[OH] 30 secondary alcohol
[#6][C]([#6])([#6])[OH] 31 tertiary alcohol
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])([OH])C([#6,#1])([#6,#1])[OH] 32 1,2-diol
[#6,#1]C([#6,#1])([OH])C([#6,#1])([#6,#1])[NH2] 33 1,2-aminoalcohol
c[OH] 34 phenol
[OH]cc[OH] 35 1,2-diphenol
[OH]C=C[OH] 36 enediol
[#6]O[#6] 37 ether
COC 38 dialkyl ether
cOC 39 alkylaryl ether
cOc 40 diaryl ether
[#6]S[#6] 41 thioether
[#6]SS[#6] 42 disulfide
[#6]OO[#6] 43 peroxide
[#6]O[OH] 44 hydroperoxide
[a] 200 aryl
[!#6;$([N,O,S,F,Cl,Br,I,P])] 201 heteroatom
[!#6;!$([+0]);!$([F,Cl,Br,I]);!$([o,s,nX3]);!$([Nv5,Pv5,Sv4,Sv6])] 202 HBA
[$([N,O;!H0]),$(N(C)(C)C)] 203 HBD
[R] 204 Ring
[$([$([C;$(C=[$([O;D1;$(O=C)])])]);$(C[$([O;$([H1&-0,H0&-1])])]);$(C[#6,#1])])] 205 carboxylic acid
[$([$([C;$(C=[$([O;D1;$(O=C)])])]);$(C(=O)O[#6]);$(C[#6,#1])])] 206 ester
[$([N;+0,+1;$(N(=O)~[O;H0;-0,-1])])] 207 nitro
[$([C;$(C#[N;D1])])] 208 nitrile
[$([N;!$(N*=[!#6])]);$(N[$([a])]);!$(N~[!#6])] 209 aniline
[$([N;$(N[$([$([C;$(C=[$([O;D1;$(O=C)])])]);$(C(=O)(N)N)])])])] 210 urea
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