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<h1>FBB::SyslogStream</h1>
<h2>libbobcat-dev_4.01.03-x.tar.gz</h2>
<h2>2005-2015</h2>
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<h1>FBB::SyslogStream(3bobcat)</h1>
<h2>libbobcat-dev_4.01.03-x.tar.gz Output Stream for Syslog</h2>
<h2>2005-2015</h2>
<p>
<h2>NAME</h2>FBB::SyslogStream - An output stream inserting syslog messages
<p>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
<strong>#include <bobcat/syslogstream></strong><br>
Linking option: <em>-lbobcat</em>
<p>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong> objects may be used as a <em>std::ostream</em> to write
syslog messages using stream facilities.
<p>
Multiple separate insertions can be used to create a single syslog message:
the message is only sent to the syslog daemon after receiving a <em>flush</em>
command (e.g., after inserting <em>std::flush</em> or <em>std::endl</em>). Non-printable
characters (like <em>'\n'</em>) show up in the syslog message as octal values,
preceded by <em>#</em> (e.g., <em>#012</em> for <em>'\n'</em>). The newline normally inserted
by <em>std::endl</em> is ignored: <strong>SyslogStream</strong> objects interpret <em>std::endl</em>
like <em>std::flush</em>.
<p>
One series of insertions may contain multiple <em>std::endl</em> or <em>std::flush</em>
manipulators. At each of these manipulators a new message is sent to the
syslog daemon, containing all info that has so far been buffered. After
sending a message to the syslog daemon, the <strong>SyslogStream</strong>'s internal buffer
is cleared.
<p>
<h2>NAMESPACE</h2>
<strong>FBB</strong><br>
All constructors, members, operators and manipulators, mentioned in this
man-page, are defined in the namespace <strong>FBB</strong>.
<p>
<h2>INHERITS FROM</h2>
<strong>std::ostream</strong>
<p>
<h2>ENUMERATIONS</h2>
<p>
The following enumerations are defined in the namespace <strong>FBB</strong>:
<p>
<strong>Priority</strong>:
<p>
The values of this enumeration match the corresponding priority
<em>LOG_xxx</em> values used with <strong>syslog</strong>(3):
<ul>
<li> <strong>EMERG</strong>:<br>
system is unusable;
<li> <strong>ALERT</strong>:<br>
action must be taken immediately;
<li> <strong>CRIT</strong>:<br>
critical conditions;
<li> <strong>ERR</strong>:<br>
error conditions;
<li> <strong>WARNING</strong>:<br>
warning conditions;
<li> <strong>NOTICE</strong>:<br>
normal, but significant, condition;
<li> <strong>INFO</strong>:<br>
informational message;
<li> <strong>DEBUG</strong>:<br>
debug-level message;
</ul>
The <em>setMask</em> member (see below) can be used to select which type of
messages will actually be processed by the syslog daemon.
<p>
<strong>PriorityType</strong>:
<p>
This enumberation has two values fine-tuning the type of messages that
are actually processed by the syslog daemon:
<ul>
<li> <strong>SINGLE</strong>:<br>
Only messages of the priority specified at the <em>setMask</em> call are
processed by the syslog daemon;
<li> <strong>UPTO</strong>:<br>
Messages of priority <em>EMERG</em> up to the the priority specified at the
<em>setMask</em> call are processed by the syslog daemon;
</ul>
By default, the syslog daemon processes all messages it receives.
<p>
<strong>Facility</strong>:
<p>
The values of this enumeration match the corresponding facility
<em>LOG_xxx</em> values used with <strong>syslog</strong>(3):
<ul>
<li> <strong>AUTHPRIV</strong>:<br>
security/authorization messages (private)
<li> <strong>CRON</strong>:<br>
clock daemon (<em>cron</em> and <em>at</em>)
<li> <strong>DAEMON</strong>:<br>
other system daemons
<li> <strong>KERN</strong>:<br>
kernel messages
<li> <strong>LOCAL0</strong>:<br>
reserved for local use. <strong>LOCAL1</strong> through <strong>LOCAL7</strong> are
available as well.
<li> <strong>LPR</strong>:<br>
line printer subsystem
<li> <strong>MAIL</strong>:<br>
mail subsystem
<li> <strong>NEWS</strong>:<br>
<em>USENET</em> news subsystem
<li> <strong>SYSLOGBUF</strong>:<br>
messages generated internally by <em>syslogbufd</em>
<li> <strong>USER</strong>:<br>
generic user-level messages
<li> <strong>UUCP</strong>:<br>
UUCP subsystem
</ul>
<p>
<h2>CONSTRUCTORS</h2>
<ul>
<li> <strong>SyslogStream(string const &ident = "",
FBB::Priority priority = FBB::NOTICE,
FBB::Facility facility = FBB::USER,
int option = 0)</strong>:<br>
This constructor initializes a <strong>SyslogStream</strong> object. The
<em>ident</em> parameter is usually the name of the program. Its contents are
prepended to syslog messages.
<p>
The <em>priority</em> parameter determines the default importance of the message
sent to the syslog daemon. By default messages are sent to the syslog daemon
with priority <strong>FBB::NOTICE</strong>. Syslog messages may be given different priority
by inserting a <strong>SyslogStream</strong> manipulator (see below). The priority set at
construction time may also be modified using the <em>setPriority</em> and
<em>setDefaultPriority</em> members.
<p>
Which messages actually appear in log facilities is not determined by
the messages' priorities, but by syslog's <em>log mask</em>. The log mask can be
set by the static member <em>setMask</em> (see below).
<p>
The <em>facility</em> parameter determines the type of program doing the
logging. By default <strong>FBB::USER</strong> is used.
<p>
The <em>option</em> parameter may be used to specify various options (use the
binary `<em>bitor</em>' (`<em>|</em>') operator to combine options):
<p>
<strong>LOG_CONS</strong>:
write directly to system console if there is an
error while sending to system logger <br>
<strong>LOG_NDELAY</strong>:
open the connection immediately (normally, the con-
nection is opened when the first message is logged) <br>
<strong>LOG_PERROR</strong>:
print to stderr as well <br>
<strong>LOG__PID</strong>:
include PID with each message <br>
<p>
By default no options are used.
<p>
<li> <strong>SyslogStream(char const *ident,
FBB::Priority priority = FBB::NOTICE,
FBB::Facility facility = FBB::USER,
int option = 0)</strong>:<br>
This constructor is kept for backward compatibility. Its parameters
have the same meanings as those of the abovementioned constructor. A
<em>nullptr</em> indicates that no text needs to be prepended to syslog messages.
</ul>
<p>
Copy and move constructors are not available.
<p>
<h2>MEMBER FUNCTIONS</h2>
<p>
All members of <strong>std::ostream</strong> are available, as <strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong>
inherits from this class.
<p>
<ul>
<li> <strong>void close()</strong>:<br>
If the <strong>SyslogStream</strong>'s internal buffer is not empty it is flushed to
the syslog daemon. Thereafer <strong>closelog</strong>(3) is called.
<li> <strong>Priority defaultPriority() const</strong>:<br>
Returns the current default priority. I.e., the priority that will be
used for the messages after inserting <em>endl</em> or <em>flush</em>.
<li> <strong>void open(string const &ident,
FBB::Priority priority = FBB::NOTICE,
FBB::Facility facility = FBB::USER,
int option = 0)</strong>:<br>
Redefines the current identifier, priority, facility and options that
are used when sending messages to the syslog daemon. If the
<strong>SyslogStream</strong>'s internal buffer is not empty it is first flushed to
the syslog daemon using the identifier, priority and options that were
active just before calling <em>open</em>.
<li> <strong>Priority priority() const</strong>:<br>
Returns the next priority. I.e., the priority that will be used for
the next message that is sent to the syslog daemon.
<li> <strong>Priority setDefaultPriority(Priority priority)</strong>:<br>
Changes the default priority of the next message that is sent to the
syslog daemon after inserting <em>std::eoln</em> or
<em>std::flush</em>. The previously active default priority is
returned.
<li> <strong>Priority setPriority(Priority priority)</strong>:<br> Changes the priority for the
next message that is sent to the syslog daemon after inserting
<em>std::eoln</em> or <em>std::flush</em>. Subsequent messages will again use
the default priority. The previously active priority setting is
returned.
</ul>
<p>
<h2>STATIC MEMBER FUNCTIONS</h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li> <strong>Priority setMask(Priority priority, PriorityMask upTo)</strong>:<br>
Syslog messages of (if <em>upTo</em> equals <em>SINGLE</em>) or up to (if
<em>upTo</em> equals <em>UPTO</em>) the indicated priority are processed by the
syslog daemon.
<li> <strong>Priority setMask(Priority priority, Priority ...priorities)</strong>:<br>
Syslog messages of the priorities passed to <em>setMask</em> are processed
by the syslog daemon. At least one priority must be specified.
<li> <strong>Facility stoF(std::string const &name, Facility facility = USER)</strong>:<br>
Returns the facility matching the name of the facility provided by
<em>name</em>. Facility matching is performed case insensitively. E.g., if
<em>name</em> contains <em>daemon</em>, facility <em>FBB::DAEMON</em> is returned. If
<em>name</em> does not match any facility name then the value of this
function's second argument is returned. The function's name (<em>stoF</em>)
was used in analogy of the various <em>sto...</em> conversion functions
that were made available by the <strong>C++11</strong> standard.
<li> <strong>Priority stoP(std::string const &name, Priority priority = NOTICE)</strong>:<br>
Returns the priority matching the name of the priority provided by
<em>name</em>. Priority matching is performed case insensitively. E.g., if
<em>name</em> contains <em>emerg</em>, priority <em>FBB::EMERG</em> is returned. If
<em>name</em> does not match any priority name then the value of this
function's second argument is returned. The function's name (<em>stoP</em>)
was used in analogy of the various <em>sto...</em> conversion functions
that were made available by the <strong>C++11</strong> standard.
</ul>
<p>
<h2>MANIPULATORS</h2>
<p>
The following set of manipulators are all defined as (static) members.
They may be inserted into an <strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object. Except for the last
manipulator (<em>strerrno</em>), they have the following characteristics in common:
<ul>
<li> They change the priority of the messages that are subsequently
inserted by the <strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object, thus acting like a separate
<em>setPriority</em> call.
<li> When inserting multiple manipulators before the inserted message is
flushed (e.g., using the <em>std::flush</em> or the <em>std::endl</em> manipulators) the
last inserted <strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong> manipulator will be used.
<li> If the manipulators are not inserted into an
<strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object (but in another <em>std::ostream</em> type of object)
then they perform no action.
</ul>
<p>
Here are the available manipulators:
<ul>
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::alert</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::ALERT</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::crit</strong>:<br>
Message are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::CRIT</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::debug</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::DEBUG</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::emerg</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::EMERG</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::err</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::ERR</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::info</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::INFO</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::notice</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::NOTICE</strong>.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::strerrno</strong>:<br>
This manipulator inserts the textual interpretation of <em>std::errno</em>'s
current value into a <em>std::ostream</em>. Note that, different from the
other manipulators, the object into which this manipulator is inserted
does not have to be a <strong>FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object.
<li> <strong>SyslogStream::warning</strong>:<br>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong>FBB::WARNING</strong>.
</ul>
<p>
<h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
<pre>
#include <bobcat/syslogstream>
using namespace std;
using namespace FBB;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
SyslogStream sls(argv[0]);
sls << SyslogStream::debug << "Hello world" << flush <<
SyslogStream::strerrno << endl;
}
</pre>
<p>
<h2>FILES</h2>
<em>bobcat/syslogstream</em> - defines the class interface
<p>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<strong>bobcat</strong>(7), <strong>closelog</strong>(3), <strong>openlog</strong>(3), <strong>rsyslogd</strong>(8),
<strong>syslog</strong>(3), <strong>syslogbuf</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
<h2>BUGS</h2>
The constructor's <em>option</em> parameter is an <em>int</em>. Because of this,
<em>int</em> values rather than enumeration values are passed to the
constructor. It is the responsibility of the programmer to pass defined option
values only.
<p>
<h2>DISTRIBUTION FILES</h2>
<ul>
<li> <em>bobcat_4.01.03-x.dsc</em>: detached signature;
<li> <em>bobcat_4.01.03-x.tar.gz</em>: source archive;
<li> <em>bobcat_4.01.03-x_i386.changes</em>: change log;
<li> <em>libbobcat1_4.01.03-x_*.deb</em>: debian package holding the
libraries;
<li> <em>libbobcat1-dev_4.01.03-x_*.deb</em>: debian package holding the
libraries, headers and manual pages;
<li> <em>http://sourceforge.net/projects/bobcat</em>: public archive location;
</ul>
<p>
<h2>BOBCAT</h2>
Bobcat is an acronym of `Brokken's Own Base Classes And Templates'.
<p>
<h2>COPYRIGHT</h2>
This is free software, distributed under the terms of the
GNU General Public License (GPL).
<p>
<h2>AUTHOR</h2>
Frank B. Brokken (<strong>f.b.brokken@rug.nl</strong>).
<p>
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