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<h1>SharedREADME</h1>
<h2>libbobcat-dev_4.01.03-x.tar.gz</h2>
<h2>2005-2015</h2>
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<title>SharedREADME(7bobcat)</title>
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<h1>SharedREADME(7bobcat)</h1>
<h2>libbobcat-dev_4.01.03-x.tar.gz Bobcat Shared Memory README</h2>
<h2>2005-2015</h2>
<p>
<h2>NAME</h2>SharedREADME - Description of Bobcat's shared memory classes
<p>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li> <strong>SharedLock</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedLock</strong>(3bobcat) is a wrapper around a
<em>pthread_mutex</em>. <strong>SharedLock</strong> has member functions <em>lock</em> and
<em>unlock</em>, with <em>lock</em> throwing an exception when it fails to obtain the
lock (i.e., calling <em>pthread_mutex's lock</em> member fails, otherwise it waits
until <em>pthread_mutex's lock</em> succeeds).
<p>
<strong>SharedLock</strong> is a convenience class for other shared memory
classes. By itself <strong>SharedLock</strong> is unrelated to shared memory.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedBlock</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedBlock</strong>(3bobcat) defines a small object consisting of a
<strong>SharedMutex</strong> and a (shared segment) id. If offers functionality to set and
retrieve the id, and to lock and unlock the <strong>SharedMutex</strong>. <strong>SharedBlock</strong>
objects are used by
<strong>SharedSegment</strong>(3bobcat) objects to keep track of which segments actually
contain the shared memory data. It's a bookkeeping helper class.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedSegment</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedSegment</strong> (cf. figure <em>images/sharedsegment1.jpg</em>)
interfaces to actual shared memory. Its main member function is the static
member <em>create</em>, returning a pointer to a newly allocated <em>SharedMemory</em>
object.
<p>
The member <em>create</em> receives as its input parameters the number of blocks,
the size of the segments allocated by <strong>SharedSegment</strong>, and the segment's
access mode (as used by, e.g., <strong>chmod</strong>(1)). It returns a pointer to the
allocated <em>SharedSegment</em>, and its ID (set using a pointer to an <em>int</em>,
passed as its first parameter).
<p>
Although the <strong>SharedSegment</strong> class defines an array of a single
<strong>SharedBlock</strong>(3bobcat) object, in fact it will contain <em>d_nBlocks</em>
<strong>SharedBlock</strong> objects. The member <em>create</em> first allocates a block of raw
memory of the required total size. Next it initializes the first part of this
raw, shared memory, using the <em>SharedSegment</em> constructor and placement
new. Next, the remaining amount of raw shared memory is initialized with
<em>d_nBlocks - 1</em> <strong>SharedBlock</strong> objects, again using placement new
(cf. figure <em>images/sharedsegment2.jpg</em>).
<li> <strong>SharedPos</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedPos</strong>(3bobcat) monitors position information in the shared
memory segments managed by <strong>SharedSegment</strong> objects. <strong>SharedPos</strong> only has a
default constructor, but offers a <strong>reset</strong> member receiving at construction
time a pointer to a <strong>SharedSegment</strong> object.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedMemory</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedMemory</strong>(3bobcat) offers the standard interface to
shared memory, defining members like <em>read, get, write</em> and <em>put</em>. It
interfaces to a <em>SharedSegment</em> object, and uses a <em>SharedPos</em> object to
keep track of the <em>SharedMemory's</em> offsets.
<p>
A <strong>SharedMemory</strong> object itself resides in a program's working memory, and not
in the computer's shared memory area. At any time the <strong>SharedMemory</strong> object
only loads at most one actual block of the shared memory block managed by
<strong>SharedSegment</strong>. The current position in the shared memory managed by
<strong>SharedSegment</strong> is monitored by the <strong>SharedMemory</strong>'s <em>SharedBlock d_pos</em>
member.
<p>
Following read/write operations the offset is updated accordingly. There's
only one offset, which is used by <em>[IO]?SharedStream</em> objects when
requesting or updating offsets. a <strong>SharedMemory</strong> object offers safeguards
against inappropriate use. E.g., if no memory has been allocated yet it may
thow exceptions. Also, offsets can never exceed the <em>SharedMemory's</em> maximum
possible offset.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedMutex</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedMutex</strong> implements a non-recursive mutex that can be stored
in shared memory. It merely offers <em>lock</em> and <em>unlock</em> members. Within one
thread <em>lcok</em> should never be called repeatedly unless <em>unlock</em> is called
first. The <em>unlock</em> member may safely repeatedly be called; once the mutex
has been unlocked, repeated requests to unlock the mutex are simply
ignored. When a <strong>SharedMutex</strong> is destroyed it calls <em>unlock</em>. Use
<em>SharedMemory's install</em> member to define a <strong>SharedMutex</strong> object in shared
memory, and use <em>ptr->~SharedMutex()</em> (with <em>SharedMutex *ptr</em> pointing at
the <em>SharedMutex</em> object) to destroy it again.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedCondition</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedCondition</strong> implements a condition variable and an
associated mutex, both created in shared memory controlled by a
<strong>SharedMemory</strong> object. It offers all the functionality of
<em>std::condition_variable</em>. A <strong>SharedCondition</strong> object itself is defined in
a thread's working memory, but interfaces to a <em>`Condition'</em> object
containing a condition variable and a mutex which are installed in shared
memory. The size of this <em>`Condition'</em> object is returned by the static
member <em>SharedCondition::size</em>. <strong>SharedCondition</strong> members ensure that the
thread has access to the <em>`Condition'</em> object, and that the shared memory's
offset has not changed when returning from the <strong>SharedCondition's</strong> members.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedStreambuf</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
The class <strong>SharedStreambuf</strong> implements a <em>std::streambuf</em> specialization
interfacing to a <em>SharedMemory</em> object. In addition to a default constructor
which is an empty stub the class offers constructors which immediately
interface to a <em>SharedMemory</em> object, as well as a member to (re)associate
a <strong>SharedStreambuf</strong> object with a <em>SharedMemory</em> object.
<p>
<li> <strong>SharedStream, ISharedStream, OSharedStream</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
These stream classes offer stream-facilities operating on shared memory
maintained by a <em>SharedMemory</em> object. The <strong>SharedStream</strong> class uses the
<em>SharedMemory's seek</em> member for both <em>seekp</em> and <em>seekg</em>, and uses
<em>SharedMemory's offset</em> member for both <em>tellp</em> and <em>tellg</em>. All shared
stream objects, including <strong>ISharedStream</strong>, offer a member to initialize a
<em>SharedCondition</em>
<p>
</ul>
<p>
An overview of currently defined shared memory segments is shown by the
command <em>ipcs -ma</em>. To remove a defined shared memory segment the command
<em>ipcrm -m <id></em> can be used, where <em><id></em> is the shared memory segment's
ID.
<p>
<h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
See the <strong>sharedstream</strong>(3bobcat) man page.
<p>
<h2>FILES</h2>
<p>
Images referred to in this man-page are located in the source distribution
in <em>bobcat/documents/images</em>, or they can be found in the standard location
of documentation files in your distribution (e.g., they are located in
<em>/usr/share/doc/libbobcat4/images</em>).
<p>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<strong>bobcat</strong>(7), <strong>ipcs</strong>(1), <strong>ipcrm</strong>(1),
<strong>isharedstream</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>osharedstream</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedblock</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedcondition</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedmemory</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedmutex</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedpos</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedsegment</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedstream</strong>(3bobcat),
<strong>sharedstreambuf</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
<h2>BUGS</h2>
None Reported.
<p>
<h2>DISTRIBUTION FILES</h2>
<ul>
<li> <em>bobcat_4.01.03-x.dsc</em>: detached signature;
<li> <em>bobcat_4.01.03-x.tar.gz</em>: source archive;
<li> <em>bobcat_4.01.03-x_i386.changes</em>: change log;
<li> <em>libbobcat1_4.01.03-x_*.deb</em>: debian package holding the
libraries;
<li> <em>libbobcat1-dev_4.01.03-x_*.deb</em>: debian package holding the
libraries, headers and manual pages;
<li> <em>http://sourceforge.net/projects/bobcat</em>: public archive location;
</ul>
<p>
<h2>BOBCAT</h2>
Bobcat is an acronym of `Brokken's Own Base Classes And Templates'.
<p>
<h2>COPYRIGHT</h2>
This is free software, distributed under the terms of the
GNU General Public License (GPL).
<p>
<h2>AUTHOR</h2>
Frank B. Brokken (<strong>f.b.brokken@rug.nl</strong>).
<p>
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