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<div class="section" id="traditional-packaging">
<h1>11. Empacotamento tradicional<a class="headerlink" href="#traditional-packaging" title="Link permanente para este título">¶</a></h1>
<p>The majority of this guide deals with <a class="reference internal" href="udd-intro.html"><em>Ubuntu Distributed Development</em></a> (UDD) which utilizes the distributed version control system (DVCS)
Bazaar for <a class="reference internal" href="udd-getting-the-source.html#branching"><em>retrieving package sources</em></a> and submitting fixes
with <a class="reference internal" href="udd-sponsorship.html#merge-proposal"><em>merge proposals.</em></a> This article will discuss what we
will call traditional packaging methods for lack of a better word. Before Bazaar
was adopted for Ubuntu development, these were the typical methods for
contributing to Ubuntu.</p>
<p>In some cases, you may need to use these tools instead of UDD. So it is good to
be familiar with them. Before you begin, you should already have read the
article <a class="reference internal" href="getting-set-up.html"><em>Getting Set Up.</em></a></p>
<div class="section" id="getting-the-source">
<h2>11.1. Obtendo o fonte<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-the-source" title="Link permanente para este título">¶</a></h2>
<p>Em ordem para obter o pacote fonte, você pode simplesmente executar:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ apt-get source <package_name>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This method has some draw backs though. It downloads the version of the source
that is available on <strong>your system.</strong> You are likely running the current stable
release, but you want to contribute your change against the package in the
development release. Luckily, the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ubuntu-dev-tools</span></tt> package provides a helper
script:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ pull-lp-source <package_name>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Por padrão, a última versão do pacote na versão de desenvolvimento do Ubuntu será baixada. Você pode também especificar a versão do pacote ou do Ubuntu assim:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ pull-lp-source <package_name> trusty
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>to pull the source from the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trusty</span></tt> release, or:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ pull-lp-source <package_name> 1.0-1ubuntu1
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>para baixar a versão <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1.0-1ubuntu1</span></tt> do pacote. Para mais informações sobre o comando, consulte <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">man</span> <span class="pre">pull-lp-source</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Para o nosso exemplo, vamos supor que temos um relatório de erro dizendo que “colour” na descrição de <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xicc</span></tt> deveria ser “color”, e que queremos corrigir isto. (<em>Nota: Este é apenas um exemplo de algo a ser alterado e não um erro real.)</em> Para obter o fonte, execute:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ pull-lp-source xicc 0.2-3
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="creating-a-debdiff">
<h2>11.2. Criando um Debdiff<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-debdiff" title="Link permanente para este título">¶</a></h2>
<p>Um “debdiff” exibe a diferença entre dois pacotes Debian. O nome do comando usado para gerá-lo também é “debdiff”, que faz parte do pacote “devscripts”. Consulte “man debdiff” para todos os detalhes. Para comparar dois pacotes fonte, passe os dois arquivos “dsc” como argumentos:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ debdiff <package_name>_1.0-1.dsc <package_name>_1.0-1ubuntu1.dsc
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Para continuar com nosso exemplo, vamos editar o “debian/control” e “corrigir” nosso “erro”:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ cd xicc-0.2
$ sed -i 's/colour/color/g' debian/control
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>We also must adhere to the <a class="reference external" href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebianMaintainerField">Debian Maintainer Field Spec</a>
and edit <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">debian/control</span></tt> to replace:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Maintainer: Ross Burton <ross@debian.org>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>com:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
XSBC-Original-Maintainer: Ross Burton <ross@debian.org>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Você pode usar a ferramenta “update-maintainer” (no pacote “unbuntu-dev-tools”) para fazer isso.</p>
<p>Lembre-se de documentar suas alterações em “debian/changelog” usando “dch -i” e entaõ podemos gerar um novo pacote fonte:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ debuild -S
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Agora podemos examinar nossas alterações usando “debdiff”:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ cd ..
$ debdiff xicc_0.2-3.dsc xicc_0.2-3ubuntu1.dsc | less
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Para criar um arquivo patch que você possa enviar para outros ou anexar a um relatório de erros para orientação, execute:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ debdiff xicc_0.2-3.dsc xicc_0.2-3ubuntu1.dsc > xicc_0.2-3ubuntu1.debdiff
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="applying-a-debdiff">
<h2>11.3. Aplicando um Debdiff<a class="headerlink" href="#applying-a-debdiff" title="Link permanente para este título">¶</a></h2>
<p>Para aplicar um debdiff, primeiramente assegure-se de que possou o código fonte da versão com a qual foi criado:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ pull-lp-source xicc 0.2-3
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Then in a terminal, change to the directory where the source was
uncompressed:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ cd xicc-0.2
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Um debdiff é como um arquivo de patch normal. Aplique-o como de costume com:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ patch -p1 < ../xicc_0.2.2ubuntu1.debdiff
</pre></div>
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<h3>Tabela de Conteúdo</h3>
<div class="toc">
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">11. Empacotamento tradicional</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#getting-the-source">11.1. Obtendo o fonte</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-debdiff">11.2. Criando um Debdiff</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#applying-a-debdiff">11.3. Aplicando um Debdiff</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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