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compareNames(s1,s2){if(s1.input>s2.input)return 1;else return-1}var LMnames=[];function LMinitSymbols(){LMsymbols.sort(compareNames);for(i=0;i<LMsymbols.length;i++)LMnames[i]=LMsymbols[i].input}var LMmathml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML";function LMcreateElementMathML(t){if(isIE)return document.createElement("m:"+t);else return document.createElementNS(LMmathml,t)}function LMcreateMmlNode(t,frag){if(isIE)var node=document.createElement("m:"+t);else var node=document.createElementNS(LMmathml,t);node.appendChild(frag);return node}function newcommand(oldstr,newstr){LMsymbols=LMsymbols.concat([{input:oldstr,tag:"mo",output:newstr,ttype:DEFINITION}])}function LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,n){var st;st=str.slice(n);for(var i=0;i<st.length&&st.charCodeAt(i)<=32;i=i+1);return st.slice(i)}function LMposition(arr,str,n){if(n==0){var h,m;n=-1;h=arr.length;while(n+1<h){m=n+h>>1;if(arr[m]<str)n=m;else h=m}return h}else for(var i=n;i<arr.length&&arr[i]<str;i++);return i}function LMgetSymbol(str){var k=0;var j=0;var mk;var st;var tagst;var match="";var more=true;for(var i=1;i<=str.length&&more;i++){st=str.slice(0,i);j=k;k=LMposition(LMnames,st,j);if(k<LMnames.length&&str.slice(0,LMnames[k].length)==LMnames[k]){match=LMnames[k];mk=k;i=match.length}more=k<LMnames.length&&str.slice(0,LMnames[k].length)>=LMnames[k]}LMpreviousSymbol=LMcurrentSymbol;if(match!=""){LMcurrentSymbol=LMsymbols[mk].ttype;return LMsymbols[mk]}LMcurrentSymbol=CONST;k=1;st=str.slice(0,1);if("0"<=st&&st<="9")tagst="mn";else tagst=("A">st||st>"Z")&&("a">st||st>"z")?"mo":"mi";return{input:st,tag:tagst,output:st,ttype:CONST}}var LMpreviousSymbol,LMcurrentSymbol;function LMparseSexpr(str){var symbol,node,result,result2,i,st,newFrag=document.createDocumentFragment();str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,0);symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol==null||symbol.ttype==RIGHTBRACKET)return[null,str,null];if(symbol.ttype==DEFINITION){str=symbol.output+LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol==null||symbol.ttype==RIGHTBRACKET)return[null,str,null]}str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);switch(symbol.ttype){case SPACE:node=LMcreateElementMathML(symbol.tag);node.setAttribute(symbol.atname,symbol.atval);return[node,str,symbol.tag];case UNDEROVER:if(isIE){if(symbol.input.substr(0,4)=="\\big"){str="\\"+symbol.input.substr(4)+str;symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);symbol.ttype=UNDEROVER;str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length)}}return[LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output)),str,symbol.tag];case CONST:var output=symbol.output;if(isIE){if(symbol.input=="'")output="′";else if(symbol.input=="''")output="″";else if(symbol.input=="'''")output="″′";else if(symbol.input=="''''")output="″″";else if(symbol.input=="\\square")output="□";else if(symbol.input.substr(0,5)=="\\frac"){var denom=symbol.input.substr(6,1);if(denom=="5"||denom=="6"){str=symbol.input.replace(/\\frac/,"\\frac ")+str;return[node,str,symbol.tag]}}}node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(output));return[node,str,symbol.tag];case LONG:node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output));node.setAttribute("minsize","1.5");node.setAttribute("maxsize","1.5");node=LMcreateMmlNode("mover",node);node.appendChild(LMcreateElementMathML("mspace"));return[node,str,symbol.tag];case STRETCHY:if(isIE&&symbol.input=="\\backslash")symbol.output="\\";node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output));if(symbol.input=="|"||symbol.input=="\\vert"||symbol.input=="\\|"||symbol.input=="\\Vert"){node.setAttribute("lspace","0em");node.setAttribute("rspace","0em")}node.setAttribute("maxsize",symbol.atval);if(symbol.rtag!=null)return[node,str,symbol.rtag];else return[node,str,symbol.tag];case BIG:var atval=symbol.atval;if(isIE)atval=symbol.ieval;symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol==null)return[null,str,null];str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output));if(isIE){var space=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");space.setAttribute("height",atval+"ex");node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",node);node.appendChild(space)}else{node.setAttribute("minsize",atval);node.setAttribute("maxsize",atval)}return[node,str,symbol.tag];case LEFTBRACKET:if(symbol.input=="\\left"){symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol!=null){if(symbol.input==".")symbol.invisible=true;str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length)}}result=LMparseExpr(str,true,false);if(symbol==null||typeof symbol.invisible=="boolean"&&symbol.invisible)node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",result[0]);else{node=LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode(symbol.output));node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",node);node.appendChild(result[0])}return[node,result[1],result[2]];case MATRIX:if(symbol.input=="\\begin{array}"){var mask="";symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,0);if(symbol==null)mask="l";else{str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);if(symbol.input!="{")mask="l";else do{symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol!=null){str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);if(symbol.input!="}")mask=mask+symbol.input}}while(symbol!=null&&symbol.input!=""&&symbol.input!="}")}result=LMparseExpr("{"+str,true,true);node=LMcreateMmlNode("mtable",result[0]);mask=mask.replace(/l/g,"left ");mask=mask.replace(/r/g,"right ");mask=mask.replace(/c/g,"center ");node.setAttribute("columnalign",mask);node.setAttribute("displaystyle","false");if(isIE)return[node,result[1],null];var lspace=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");lspace.setAttribute("width","0.167em");var rspace=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");rspace.setAttribute("width","0.167em");var node1=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",lspace);node1.appendChild(node);node1.appendChild(rspace);return[node1,result[1],null]}else{result=LMparseExpr("{"+str,true,true);node=LMcreateMmlNode("mtable",result[0]);if(isIE)node.setAttribute("columnspacing","0.25em");else node.setAttribute("columnspacing","0.167em");node.setAttribute("columnalign","right center left");node.setAttribute("displaystyle","true");node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",node);return[node,result[1],null]}case TEXT:if(str.charAt(0)=="{")i=str.indexOf("}");else i=0;if(i==-1)i=str.length;st=str.slice(1,i);if(st.charAt(0)==" "){node=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");node.setAttribute("width","0.33em");newFrag.appendChild(node)}newFrag.appendChild(LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(st)));if(st.charAt(st.length-1)==" "){node=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");node.setAttribute("width","0.33em");newFrag.appendChild(node)}str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,i+1);return[LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",newFrag),str,null];case UNARY:result=LMparseSexpr(str);if(result[0]==null)return[LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output)),str];if(typeof symbol.func=="boolean"&&symbol.func){st=str.charAt(0);if(st=="^"||st=="_"||st==","){return[LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output)),str,symbol.tag]}else{node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output)));if(isIE){var space=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");space.setAttribute("width","0.167em");node.appendChild(space)}node.appendChild(result[0]);return[node,result[1],symbol.tag]}}if(symbol.input=="\\sqrt"){if(isIE){var space=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");space.setAttribute("height","1.2ex");space.setAttribute("width","0em");node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,result[0]);node.appendChild(space);return[node,result[1],symbol.tag]}else return[LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,result[0]),result[1],symbol.tag]}else if(typeof symbol.acc=="boolean"&&symbol.acc){node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,result[0]);var output=symbol.output;if(isIE){if(symbol.input=="\\hat")output="̂";else if(symbol.input=="\\widehat")output="^";else if(symbol.input=="\\bar")output="¯";else if(symbol.input=="\\grave")output="̀";else if(symbol.input=="\\tilde")output="̃"}var node1=LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode(output));if(symbol.input=="\\vec"||symbol.input=="\\check")node1.setAttribute("maxsize","1.2");if(isIE&&symbol.input=="\\bar")node1.setAttribute("maxsize","0.5");if(symbol.input=="\\underbrace"||symbol.input=="\\underline")node1.setAttribute("accentunder","true");else node1.setAttribute("accent","true");node.appendChild(node1);if(symbol.input=="\\overbrace"||symbol.input=="\\underbrace")node.ttype=UNDEROVER;return[node,result[1],symbol.tag]}else{if(!isIE&&typeof symbol.codes!="undefined"){for(i=0;i<result[0].childNodes.length;i++)if(result[0].childNodes[i].nodeName=="mi"||result[0].nodeName=="mi"){st=result[0].nodeName=="mi"?result[0].firstChild.nodeValue:result[0].childNodes[i].firstChild.nodeValue;var newst=[];for(var j=0;j<st.length;j++)if(st.charCodeAt(j)>64&&st.charCodeAt(j)<91)newst=newst+String.fromCharCode(symbol.codes[st.charCodeAt(j)-65]);else newst=newst+st.charAt(j);if(result[0].nodeName=="mi")result[0]=LMcreateElementMathML("mo").appendChild(document.createTextNode(newst));else result[0].replaceChild(LMcreateElementMathML("mo").appendChild(document.createTextNode(newst)),result[0].childNodes[i])}}node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,result[0]);node.setAttribute(symbol.atname,symbol.atval);if(symbol.input=="\\scriptstyle"||symbol.input=="\\scriptscriptstyle")node.setAttribute("displaystyle","false");return[node,result[1],symbol.tag]}case BINARY:result=LMparseSexpr(str);if(result[0]==null)return[LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode(symbol.input)),str,null];result2=LMparseSexpr(result[1]);if(result2[0]==null)return[LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode(symbol.input)),str,null];if(symbol.input=="\\root"||symbol.input=="\\stackrel")newFrag.appendChild(result2[0]);newFrag.appendChild(result[0]);if(symbol.input=="\\frac")newFrag.appendChild(result2[0]);return[LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,newFrag),result2[1],symbol.tag];case INFIX:str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);return[LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode(symbol.output)),str,symbol.tag];default:return[LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,document.createTextNode(symbol.output)),str,symbol.tag]}}function LMparseIexpr(str){var symbol,sym1,sym2,node,result,tag,underover;str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,0);sym1=LMgetSymbol(str);result=LMparseSexpr(str);node=result[0];str=result[1];tag=result[2];symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol.ttype==INFIX){str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);result=LMparseSexpr(str);if(result[0]==null)result[0]=LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode("□"));str=result[1];tag=result[2];if(symbol.input=="_"||symbol.input=="^"){sym2=LMgetSymbol(str);tag=null;underover=sym1.ttype==UNDEROVER||node.ttype==UNDEROVER;if(symbol.input=="_"&&sym2.input=="^"){str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,sym2.input.length);var res2=LMparseSexpr(str);str=res2[1];tag=res2[2];node=LMcreateMmlNode(underover?"munderover":"msubsup",node);node.appendChild(result[0]);node.appendChild(res2[0])}else if(symbol.input=="_"){node=LMcreateMmlNode(underover?"munder":"msub",node);node.appendChild(result[0])}else{node=LMcreateMmlNode(underover?"mover":"msup",node);node.appendChild(result[0])}node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",node)}else{node=LMcreateMmlNode(symbol.tag,node);if(symbol.input=="\\atop"||symbol.input=="\\choose")node.setAttribute("linethickness","0ex");node.appendChild(result[0]);if(symbol.input=="\\choose")node=LMcreateMmlNode("mfenced",node)}}return[node,str,tag]}function LMparseExpr(str,rightbracket,matrix){var symbol,node,result,i,tag,newFrag=document.createDocumentFragment();
do{str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,0);result=LMparseIexpr(str);node=result[0];str=result[1];tag=result[2];symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(node!=undefined){if((tag=="mn"||tag=="mi")&&symbol!=null&&typeof symbol.func=="boolean"&&symbol.func){var space=LMcreateElementMathML("mspace");space.setAttribute("width","0.167em");node=LMcreateMmlNode("mrow",node);node.appendChild(space)}newFrag.appendChild(node)}}while(symbol.ttype!=RIGHTBRACKET&&symbol!=null&&symbol.output!="");tag=null;if(symbol.ttype==RIGHTBRACKET){if(symbol.input=="\\right"){str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);symbol=LMgetSymbol(str);if(symbol!=null&&symbol.input==".")symbol.invisible=true;if(symbol!=null)tag=symbol.rtag}if(symbol!=null)str=LMremoveCharsAndBlanks(str,symbol.input.length);var len=newFrag.childNodes.length;if(matrix&&len>0&&newFrag.childNodes[len-1].nodeName=="mrow"&&len>1&&newFrag.childNodes[len-2].nodeName=="mo"&&newFrag.childNodes[len-2].firstChild.nodeValue=="&"){var pos=[];var m=newFrag.childNodes.length;for(i=0;matrix&&i<m;i=i+2){pos[i]=[];node=newFrag.childNodes[i];for(var j=0;j<node.childNodes.length;j++)if(node.childNodes[j].firstChild.nodeValue=="&")pos[i][pos[i].length]=j}var row,frag,n,k,table=document.createDocumentFragment();for(i=0;i<m;i=i+2){row=document.createDocumentFragment();frag=document.createDocumentFragment();node=newFrag.firstChild;n=node.childNodes.length;k=0;for(j=0;j<n;j++){if(typeof pos[i][k]!="undefined"&&j==pos[i][k]){node.removeChild(node.firstChild);row.appendChild(LMcreateMmlNode("mtd",frag));k++}else frag.appendChild(node.firstChild)}row.appendChild(LMcreateMmlNode("mtd",frag));if(newFrag.childNodes.length>2){newFrag.removeChild(newFrag.firstChild);newFrag.removeChild(newFrag.firstChild)}table.appendChild(LMcreateMmlNode("mtr",row))}return[table,str]}if(typeof symbol.invisible!="boolean"||!symbol.invisible){node=LMcreateMmlNode("mo",document.createTextNode(symbol.output));newFrag.appendChild(node)}}return[newFrag,str,tag]}function LMparseMath(str){var result,node=LMcreateElementMathML("mstyle");if(LMmathcolor!="")node.setAttribute("mathcolor",LMmathcolor);if(LMmathfontfamily!="")node.setAttribute("fontfamily",LMmathfontfamily);node.appendChild(LMparseExpr(str.replace(/^\s+/g,""),false,false)[0]);node=LMcreateMmlNode("math",node);if(LMshowasciiformulaonhover)node.setAttribute("title",str.replace(/\s+/g," "));var fnode=LMcreateElementXHTML("span");fnode.style.fontSize=mathfontsize;if(LMmathfontfamily!="")fnode.style.fontFamily=LMmathfontfamily;fnode.appendChild(node);return fnode}function LMstrarr2docFrag(arr,linebreaks){var newFrag=document.createDocumentFragment();var expr=false;for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){if(expr)newFrag.appendChild(LMparseMath(arr[i]));else{var arri=linebreaks?arr[i].split("\n\n"):[arr[i]];newFrag.appendChild(LMcreateElementXHTML("span").appendChild(document.createTextNode(arri[0])));for(var j=1;j<arri.length;j++){newFrag.appendChild(LMcreateElementXHTML("p"));newFrag.appendChild(LMcreateElementXHTML("span").appendChild(document.createTextNode(arri[j])))}}expr=!expr}return newFrag}function LMprocessNodeR(n,linebreaks){var mtch,str,arr,frg,i;if(n.childNodes.length==0){if((n.nodeType!=8||linebreaks)&&n.parentNode.nodeName!="form"&&n.parentNode.nodeName!="FORM"&&n.parentNode.nodeName!="textarea"&&n.parentNode.nodeName!="TEXTAREA"&&n.parentNode.nodeName!="pre"&&n.parentNode.nodeName!="PRE"){str=n.nodeValue;if(!(str==null)){str=str.replace(/\r\n\r\n/g,"\n\n");str=str.replace(/\x20+/g," ");str=str.replace(/\s*\r\n/g," ");mtch=str.indexOf("$")==-1?false:true;str=str.replace(/([^\\])\$/g,"$1 $");str=str.replace(/^\$/," $");arr=str.split(" 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style="margin-bottom:0.5in">&nbsp;</p>');st=st.replace(/\\medskip/g,'<p style="margin-bottom:0.3in">&nbsp;</p>');st=st.replace(/\\smallskip/g,'<p style="margin-bottom:0.15in">&nbsp;</p>');st=st.replace(/\\begin{center}(.*?)\\end{center}/g,'<p align="center">$1</p>');st=st.replace(/<embed\s+class\s?=\s?"ASCIIsvg"/g,'<embed class="ASCIIsvg" src="'+dsvglocation+'d.svg" wmode="transparent"');st=st.replace(/(?:\\begin{a?graph}|agraph|\(:graph\s)((.|\n)*?)(?:\\end{a?graph}|enda?graph|:\))/g,function(s,t){return'<div><embed class="ASCIIsvg" src="'+dsvglocation+'d.svg" wmode="transparent" script=\''+t.replace(/<\/?(br|p|pre)\s?\/?>/gi,"\n")+"'/></div>"});st=st.replace(/insertASCIIMathCalculator/g,'<div class="ASCIIMathCalculator"></div>');return st}function LMprocessNode(n,linebreaks,spanclassLM){var frag,st;if(spanclassLM!=null){frag=document.getElementsByTagName("span");for(var i=0;i<frag.length;i++)if(frag[i].className=="LM")LMprocessNodeR(frag[i],linebreaks)}else{try{st=n.innerHTML}catch(err){}var am=/amath|agraph/i.test(st);if((st==null||st.indexOf("$ ")!=-1||st.indexOf("$<")!=-1||st.indexOf("\\begin")!=-1||am||st.slice(-1)=="$"||st.indexOf("$\n")!=-1)&&!/edit-content|HTMLArea|wikiedit/.test(st)){if(!avoidinnerHTML&&translateLaTeXformatting)st=simpleLaTeXformatting(st);if(st!=null&&am&&!avoidinnerHTML){st=st.replace(/<sup>(.*?)<\/sup>(\s|(\S))/gi,"^{$1} $3");st=st.replace(/(Proof:)/g,"<i>$1</i>");st=st.replace(/QED/g,"&#x25A1;");st=st.replace(/(\\?end{?a?math}?)/gi,"<span></span>$1");st=st.replace(/(\bamath|\\begin{a?math})/gi,"<span></span>$1");st=st.replace(/([>\n])(Theorem|Lemma|Proposition|Corollary|Definition|Example|Remark|Problem|Exercise|Conjecture|Solution)(:|\W\W?(\w|\.)*?\W?:)/g,"$1<b>$2$3</b>")}st=st.replace(/%7E/g,"~");if(!avoidinnerHTML)n.innerHTML=st;LMprocessNodeR(n,linebreaks)}}if(isIE){frag=document.getElementsByTagName("math");for(var i=0;i<frag.length;i++)frag[i].update()}}var LMbody;var LMnoMathML=false,LMtranslated=false;function LMtranslate(spanclassLM){if(!LMtranslated){LMtranslated=true;LMinitSymbols();LMbody=document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];var processN=document.getElementById(AMdocumentId);LMprocessNode(processN!=null?processN:LMbody,false,spanclassLM)}}if(isIE){document.write('<object id="mathplayer"  classid="clsid:32F66A20-7614-11D4-BD11-00104BD3F987"></object>');document.write('<?import namespace="m" implementation="#mathplayer"?>')}var checkIfSVGavailable=true;var notifyIfNoSVG=true;var alertIfNoSVG=false;var defaultwidth=300;defaultheight=200;var defaultxmin=-5.5;defaultxmax=5.5;var defaultborder=0;border=defaultborder;var defaultstrokewidth="1";var defaultstroke="blue";var defaultstrokeopacity=1;var defaultstrokedasharray=null;var defaultfill="none";var defaultfillopacity=1;var defaultfontstyle="normal";var defaultfontfamily="times";var defaultfontsize="16";var defaultfontweight="normal";var defaultfontstroke="none";var defaultfontfill="none";var defaultmarker="none";var defaultendpoints="";var showcoordinates=true;var markerstrokewidth="1";var markerstroke="black";var markerfill="yellow";var markersize=4;var arrowfill=stroke;var dotradius=4;var ticklength=4;var axesstroke="black";var gridstroke="grey";var backgroundstyle="fill-opacity:0; fill:white";var singlelettersitalic=true;var picturepos=null;var xunitlength;var yunitlength;var origin=[0,0];var above="above";var below="below";var left="left";var right="right";var aboveleft="aboveleft";var aboveright="aboveright";var belowleft="belowleft";var belowright="belowright";var xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,xscl,yscl,xgrid,ygrid,xtick,ytick,initialized;var strokewidth,strokedasharray,stroke,fill,strokeopacity,fillopacity;var fontstyle,fontfamily,fontsize,fontweight,fontstroke,fontfill;var marker,endpoints,dynamic={};var picture,svgpicture,doc,width,height,a,b,c,d,i,n,p,t,x,y;var isIE=document.createElementNS==null;var cpi="π",ctheta="θ";var log=function(x){return ln(x)/ln(10)};var pi=Math.PI,e=Math.E,ln=Math.log,sqrt=Math.sqrt;var floor=Math.floor,ceil=Math.ceil,abs=Math.abs;var sin=Math.sin,cos=Math.cos,tan=Math.tan;var arcsin=Math.asin,arccos=Math.acos,arctan=Math.atan;var sec=function(x){return 1/Math.cos(x)};var csc=function(x){return 1/Math.sin(x)};var cot=function(x){return 1/Math.tan(x)};var arcsec=function(x){return arccos(1/x)};var arccsc=function(x){return arcsin(1/x)};var arccot=function(x){return arctan(1/x)};var sinh=function(x){return(Math.exp(x)-Math.exp(-x))/2};var cosh=function(x){return(Math.exp(x)+Math.exp(-x))/2};var tanh=function(x){return(Math.exp(x)-Math.exp(-x))/(Math.exp(x)+Math.exp(-x))};var sech=function(x){return 1/cosh(x)};var csch=function(x){return 1/sinh(x)};var coth=function(x){return 1/tanh(x)};var arcsinh=function(x){return ln(x+Math.sqrt(x*x+1))};var arccosh=function(x){return ln(x+Math.sqrt(x*x-1))};var arctanh=function(x){return ln((1+x)/(1-x))/2};var sech=function(x){return 1/cosh(x)};var csch=function(x){return 1/sinh(x)};var coth=function(x){return 1/tanh(x)};var arcsech=function(x){return arccosh(1/x)};var arccsch=function(x){return arcsinh(1/x)};var arccoth=function(x){return arctanh(1/x)};var sign=function(x){return x==0?0:x<0?-1:1};function factorial(x,n){if(n==null)n=1;if(Math.abs(x-Math.round(x*1e6)/1e6)<1e-15)x=Math.round(x*1e6)/1e6;if(x-Math.floor(x)!=0)return NaN;for(var i=x-n;i>0;i-=n)x*=i;return x<0?NaN:x==0?1:x}function C(x,k){var res=1;for(var i=0;i<k;i++)res*=(x-i)/(k-i);return res}function chop(x,n){if(n==null)n=0;return Math.floor(x*Math.pow(10,n))/Math.pow(10,n)}function ran(a,b,n){if(n==null)n=0;return chop((b+Math.pow(10,-n)-a)*Math.random()+a,n)}function myCreateElementXHTML(t){if(isIE)return document.createElement(t);else return document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",t)}function myCreateElementSVG(t){if(isIE)return doc.createElement(t);else return doc.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",t)}function getElementsByClass(container,tagName,clsName){var list=new Array(0);var collection=container.getElementsByTagName(tagName);for(var i=0;i<collection.length;i++)if(collection[i].className.slice(0,clsName.length)==clsName)list[list.length]=collection[i];return list}function findPos(obj){var curleft=curtop=0;if(obj.offsetParent){curleft=obj.offsetLeft;curtop=obj.offsetTop;while(obj=obj.offsetParent){curleft+=obj.offsetLeft;curtop+=obj.offsetTop}}return[curleft,curtop]}function isSVGavailable(){var nd=myCreateElementXHTML("center");nd.appendChild(document.createTextNode("To view the "));var an=myCreateElementXHTML("a");an.appendChild(document.createTextNode("ASCIIsvg"));an.setAttribute("href","http://www.chapman.edu/~jipsen/asciisvg.html");nd.appendChild(an);nd.appendChild(document.createTextNode(" images use Internet Explorer 6+"));an=myCreateElementXHTML("a");an.appendChild(document.createTextNode("Adobe SVGviewer 3.02"));an.setAttribute("href","http://www.adobe.com/svg");nd.appendChild(an);nd.appendChild(document.createTextNode(" or "));an=myCreateElementXHTML("a");an.appendChild(document.createTextNode("SVG enabled Mozilla/Firefox"));an.setAttribute("href","http://www.chapman.edu/~jipsen/svg/svgenabledmozillafirefox.html");nd.appendChild(an);if(navigator.appName.slice(0,8)=="Netscape")if(window["SVGElement"])return null;else return nd;else if(navigator.appName.slice(0,9)=="Microsoft")try{var oSVG=eval("new ActiveXObject('Adobe.SVGCtl.3');");return null}catch(e){return nd}else return nd}function setText(st,id){var node=document.getElementById(id);if(node!=null)if(node.childNodes.length!=0)node.childNodes[0].nodeValue=st;else node.appendChild(document.createTextNode(st))}function getX(evt){var svgroot=evt.target.parentNode;return(evt.clientX+(isIE?0:window.pageXOffset)-svgroot.getAttribute("left")-svgroot.getAttribute("ox"))/(svgroot.getAttribute("xunitlength")-0)}function getY(evt){var svgroot=evt.target.parentNode;return(svgroot.getAttribute("height")-svgroot.getAttribute("oy")-(evt.clientY+(isIE?0:window.pageYOffset)-svgroot.getAttribute("top")))/(svgroot.getAttribute("yunitlength")-0)}function translateandeval(src){var errstr;src=src.replace(/plot\(\x20*([^\"f\[][^\n\r;]+?)\,/g,'plot("$1",');src=src.replace(/plot\(\x20*([^\"f\[][^\n\r;]+)\)/g,'plot("$1")');src=src.replace(/([=(,]\x20*)\(([-a-z0-9./+*]+?),([-a-z0-9./+*]+?)\)/g,"$1[$2,$3]");src=src.replace(/([0-9])([a-zA-Z])/g,"$1*$2");src=src.replace(/\)([\(0-9a-zA-Z])/g,")*$1");try{with(Math)eval(src)}catch(err){if(err!="wait"){if(typeof err=="object")errstr=err.name+" "+err.message+" "+err.number+" "+err.description;else errstr=err;alert(errstr+"\n"+src)}}}function drawPictures(){var src,id,dsvg,nd,node,ht,index,cols,arr,i,node2;var pictures=document.getElementsByTagName("textarea");for(index=0;index<pictures.length;index++)if(pictures[index].className=="ASCIIsvg"){pictures[index].style.display="none"}var ASbody=document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];pictures=getElementsByClass(ASbody,"embed","ASCIIsvg");var len=pictures.length;if(checkIfSVGavailable){nd=isSVGavailable();if(nd!=null&&notifyIfNoSVG&&len>0)if(alertIfNoSVG)alert("To view the SVG pictures in Internet Explorer\ndownload the free Adobe SVGviewer from www.adobe.com/svg or\nuse Firefox 2.0 or later");else{ASbody.insertBefore(nd,ASbody.childNodes[0])}}if(nd==null){for(index=0;index<len;index++){width=null;height=null;xmin=null;xmax=null;ymin=null;ymax=null;xscl=null;xgrid=null;yscl=null;ygrid=null;initialized=false;picture=pictures[index];src=picture.getAttribute("script");if(src==null)src="";if(!/axes\b|initPicture/.test(src)){var i=0;while(/((yscl|ymax|ymin|xscl|xmax|xmin|\bwidth|\bheight)\s*=\s*-?\d*(\d\.|\.\d|\d)\d*\s*;?)/.test(src.slice(i)))i++;src=i==0?"axes(); "+src:src.slice(0,i)+src.slice(i).replace(/((scl|max|min|idth|eight)\s*=\s*-?\d*(\d\.|\.\d|\d)\d*\s*;?)/,"$1\naxes();")}ht=picture.getAttribute("height");if(isIE){picture.setAttribute("wmode","transparent");if(picture.getAttribute("src")=="")picture.setAttribute("src",dsvglocation+"d.svg")}if(document.getElementById("picture"+(index+1)+"mml")==null){picture.parentNode.style.position="relative";node=myCreateElementXHTML("div");node.style.position="absolute";node.style.top="0px";node.style.left="0px";node.setAttribute("id","picture"+(index+1)+"mml");picture.parentNode.insertBefore(node,picture.nextSibling)}if(ht==null)ht="";if(ht==""||src=="")if(document.getElementById("picture"+(index+1)+"input")==null){node=myCreateElementXHTML("textarea");arr=src.split("\n");cols=0;for(i=0;i<arr.length;i++)cols=Math.max(cols,arr[i].length);node.setAttribute("rows",Math.min(10,arr.length)+1);node.setAttribute("cols",Math.max(Math.min(60,cols),20)+5);if(isIE)src=src.replace(/([^\r])\n/g,"$1\r");node.appendChild(document.createTextNode(src));if(src.indexOf("showcode()")==-1)node.style.display="none";node.setAttribute("id","picture"+(index+1)+"input");picture.parentNode.insertBefore(node,picture.nextSibling);picture.parentNode.insertBefore(myCreateElementXHTML("br"),node);node2=myCreateElementXHTML("button");node2.setAttribute("id","picture"+(index+1)+"button");if(isIE)node2.onclick=function(){updatePicture(this)};else node2.setAttribute("onclick","updatePicture(this)");node2.appendChild(document.createTextNode("Update"));if(src.indexOf("showcode()")==-1)node2.style.display="none";picture.parentNode.insertBefore(node2,node);picture.parentNode.insertBefore(myCreateElementXHTML("br"),node)}else src=document.getElementById("picture"+(index+1)+"input").value;id=picture.getAttribute("id");dsvg=picture.getAttribute("src");if(id==null||id==""){id="picture"+(index+1);picture.setAttribute("id",id)}translateandeval(src)}}}function setdefaults(){strokewidth=defaultstrokewidth;stroke=defaultstroke;strokeopacity=defaultstrokeopacity;strokedasharray=defaultstrokedasharray;fill=defaultfill;fillopacity=defaultfillopacity;fontstyle=defaultfontstyle;fontfamily=defaultfontfamily;fontsize=defaultfontsize;fontweight=defaultfontweight;fontstroke=defaultfontstroke;fontfill=defaultfontfill;marker=defaultmarker;endpoints=defaultendpoints}function switchTo(id){picture=document.getElementById(id);width=picture.getAttribute("width")-0;height=picture.getAttribute("height")-0;setdefaults();if((picture.nodeName=="EMBED"||picture.nodeName=="embed")&&isIE){svgpicture=picture.getSVGDocument().getElementById("root");doc=picture.getSVGDocument()}else{svgpicture=picture;doc=document}xunitlength=svgpicture.getAttribute("xunitlength")-0;yunitlength=svgpicture.getAttribute("yunitlength")-0;xmin=svgpicture.getAttribute("xmin")-0;xmax=svgpicture.getAttribute("xmax")-0;ymin=svgpicture.getAttribute("ymin")-0;ymax=svgpicture.getAttribute("ymax")-0;origin=[svgpicture.getAttribute("ox")-0,svgpicture.getAttribute("oy")-0]}function updatePicture(obj){var node,src,id;if(typeof obj=="object")id=obj.id.slice(0,-6);else id=typeof obj=="string"?obj:"picture"+(obj+1);src=document.getElementById(id+"input").value;xmin=null;xmax=null;ymin=null;ymax=null;xscl=null;xgrid=null;yscl=null;ygrid=null;initialized=false;picture=document.getElementById(id);translateandeval(src)}function changepicturesize(evt,factor){var obj=evt.target;var name=obj.parentNode.getAttribute("name");var pic=document.getElementById(name);var src=document.getElementById(name+"input").value;src=src.replace(/width\s*=\s*\d+/,"width="+factor*(pic.getAttribute("width")-0));src=src.replace(/height\s*=\s*\d+/,"height="+factor*(pic.getAttribute("height")-0));document.getElementById(name+"input").value=src;updatePicture(name)}var sinceFirstClick=0;var dblClkTimer;function timer(){if(sinceFirstClick<60){sinceFirstClick++;setTimeout("timer()",10)}else{clearTimeout(dblClkTimer);dblClkTimer=""}}function mClick(evt){if(sinceFirstClick!=0){if(sinceFirstClick<=40){if(evt.shiftKey)changepicturesize(evt,2);else if(evt.altKey)changepicturesize(evt,.5);else showHideCode(evt);clearTimeout(dblClkTimer);dblClkTimer=""}else{clearTimeout(dblClkTimer);sinceFirstClick=0;dblClkTimer=setTimeout("timer()",10)}}else{sinceFirstClick=0;dblClkTimer=setTimeout("timer()",10)}}function showHideCode(evt){var obj=evt.target;var name=obj.parentNode.getAttribute("name");var node=document.getElementById(name+"input");node.style.display=node.style.display=="none"?"":"none";var node=document.getElementById(name+"button");node.style.display=node.style.display=="none"?"":"none"}function showcode(){}function setBorder(x){border=x}function initPicture(x_min,x_max,y_min,y_max){if(!initialized){setdefaults();initialized=true;if(x_min!=null)xmin=x_min;if(x_max!=null)xmax=x_max;if(y_min!=null)ymin=y_min;if(y_max!=null)ymax=y_max;if(xmin==null)xmin=defaultxmin;if(xmax==null)xmax=defaultxmax;if(typeof xmin!="number"||typeof xmax!="number"||xmin>=xmax)alert("Picture requires at least two numbers: xmin < xmax");else if(y_max!=null&&(typeof y_min!="number"||typeof y_max!="number"||y_min>=y_max))alert("initPicture(xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax) requires numbers ymin < ymax");else{if(width==null){width=picture.getAttribute("width");if(width==null||width=="")width=defaultwidth}picture.setAttribute("width",width);if(height==null){height=picture.getAttribute("height");if(height==null||height=="")height=defaultheight}picture.setAttribute("height",height);xunitlength=(width-2*border)/(xmax-xmin);yunitlength=xunitlength;if(ymin==null){origin=[-xmin*xunitlength+border,height/2];ymin=-(height-2*border)/(2*yunitlength);ymax=-ymin}else{if(ymax!=null)yunitlength=(height-2*border)/(ymax-ymin);else ymax=(height-2*border)/yunitlength+ymin;origin=[-xmin*xunitlength+border,-ymin*yunitlength+border]}if(isIE){if(picture.FULLSCREEN==undefined){setTimeout("drawPictures()",50);throw"wait"}svgpicture=picture.getSVGDocument().getElementById("root");if(svgpicture==null){setTimeout("drawPictures()",50);throw"wait"}svgpicture=picture.getSVGDocument().getElementById("root");while(svgpicture.childNodes.length>0)svgpicture.removeChild(svgpicture.lastChild);svgpicture.setAttribute("width",width);svgpicture.setAttribute("height",height);svgpicture.setAttribute("name",picture.getAttribute("id"));doc=picture.getSVGDocument();var nd=document.getElementById(picture.getAttribute("id")+"mml");if(nd!=null)while(nd.childNodes.length>0)nd.removeChild(nd.lastChild)}else{var qnode=document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","svg");qnode.setAttribute("id",picture.getAttribute("id"));qnode.setAttribute("name",picture.getAttribute("id"));qnode.setAttribute("style","display:inline");qnode.setAttribute("width",picture.getAttribute("width"));qnode.setAttribute("height",picture.getAttribute("height"));picturepos=findPos(picture);qnode.setAttribute("left",picturepos[0]);qnode.setAttribute("top",picturepos[1]);if(picture.parentNode!=null){picture.parentNode.replaceChild(qnode,picture)}else{svgpicture.parentNode.replaceChild(qnode,svgpicture)}svgpicture=qnode;doc=document}svgpicture.setAttribute("xunitlength",xunitlength);svgpicture.setAttribute("yunitlength",yunitlength);svgpicture.setAttribute("xmin",xmin);svgpicture.setAttribute("xmax",xmax);svgpicture.setAttribute("ymin",ymin);svgpicture.setAttribute("ymax",ymax);svgpicture.setAttribute("ox",origin[0]);svgpicture.setAttribute("oy",origin[1]);var node=myCreateElementSVG("rect");node.setAttribute("x","0");node.setAttribute("y","0");node.setAttribute("width",width);node.setAttribute("height",height);node.setAttribute("style",backgroundstyle);svgpicture.appendChild(node);svgpicture.setAttribute("onmousemove","displayCoord(evt)");svgpicture.setAttribute("onmouseout","removeCoord(evt)");svgpicture.setAttribute("onclick","mClick(evt)");node=myCreateElementSVG("text");node.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(" "));svgpicture.appendChild(node);border=defaultborder}}}function line(p,q,id,endpts){var node;if(id!=null)node=doc.getElementById(id);if(node==null){node=myCreateElementSVG("path");node.setAttribute("id",id);svgpicture.appendChild(node)}node.setAttribute("d","M"+(p[0]*xunitlength+origin[0])+","+(height-p[1]*yunitlength-origin[1])+" "+(q[0]*xunitlength+origin[0])+","+(height-q[1]*yunitlength-origin[1]));node.setAttribute("stroke-width",strokewidth);if(strokedasharray!=null)node.setAttribute("stroke-dasharray",strokedasharray);node.setAttribute("stroke",stroke);node.setAttribute("fill",fill);node.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);node.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity);if(marker=="dot"||marker=="arrowdot"){ASdot(p,markersize,markerstroke,markerfill);if(marker=="arrowdot")arrowhead(p,q);ASdot(q,markersize,markerstroke,markerfill)}else if(marker=="arrow")arrowhead(p,q);if(endpts==null&&endpoints!="")endpts=endpoints;if(endpts!=null){if(endpts.indexOf("<-")!=-1)arrowhead(q,p);if(endpts.indexOf("o-")!=-1)dot(p,"open");if(endpts.indexOf("*-")!=-1)dot(p,"closed");if(endpts.indexOf("->")!=-1)arrowhead(p,q);if(endpts.indexOf("-o")!=-1)dot(q,"open");if(endpts.indexOf("-*")!=-1)dot(q,"closed")}}function path(plist,id,c,endpts){if(c==null)c="";var node,st,i;if(id!=null)node=doc.getElementById(id);if(node==null){node=myCreateElementSVG("path");node.setAttribute("id",id);svgpicture.appendChild(node)}if(typeof plist=="string")st=plist;else{st="M";st+=plist[0][0]*xunitlength+origin[0]+","+(height-plist[0][1]*yunitlength-origin[1])+" "+c;for(i=1;i<plist.length;i++)st+=plist[i][0]*xunitlength+origin[0]+","+(height-plist[i][1]*yunitlength-origin[1])+" "}node.setAttribute("d",st);node.setAttribute("stroke-width",strokewidth);if(strokedasharray!=null)node.setAttribute("stroke-dasharray",strokedasharray);node.setAttribute("stroke",stroke);node.setAttribute("fill",fill);node.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);node.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity);if(marker=="dot"||marker=="arrowdot")for(i=0;i<plist.length;i++)if(c!="C"&&c!="T"||i!=1&&i!=2)ASdot(plist[i],markersize,markerstroke,markerfill);if(endpts==null&&endpoints!="")endpts=endpoints;if(endpts!=null){if(endpts.indexOf("<-")!=-1)arrowhead(plist[1],plist[0]);if(endpts.indexOf("o-")!=-1)dot(plist[0],"open");if(endpts.indexOf("*-")!=-1)dot(plist[0],"closed");if(endpts.indexOf("->")!=-1)arrowhead(plist[plist.length-2],plist[plist.length-1]);if(endpts.indexOf("-o")!=-1)dot(plist[plist.length-1],"open");if(endpts.indexOf("-*")!=-1)dot(plist[plist.length-1],"closed")}}function curve(plist,id,endpts){path(plist,id,"T",endpts)}function vector(p,q,id){line(p,q,id,"","->")}function circle(center,radius,id){var node;if(id!=null)node=doc.getElementById(id);if(node==null){node=myCreateElementSVG("circle");node.setAttribute("id",id);svgpicture.appendChild(node)}node.setAttribute("cx",center[0]*xunitlength+origin[0]);node.setAttribute("cy",height-center[1]*yunitlength-origin[1]);node.setAttribute("r",radius*xunitlength);node.setAttribute("stroke-width",strokewidth);node.setAttribute("stroke",stroke);node.setAttribute("fill",fill);node.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);node.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity)}function loop(p,d,id){if(d==null)d=[1,0];path([p,[p[0]+d[0],p[1]+d[1]],[p[0]-d[1],p[1]+d[0]],p],id,"C");if(marker=="arrow"||marker=="arrowdot")arrowhead([p[0]+Math.cos(1.4)*d[0]-Math.sin(1.4)*d[1],p[1]+Math.sin(1.4)*d[0]+Math.cos(1.4)*d[1]],p)}function arc(start,end,radius,id){var node,v;if(id!=null)node=doc.getElementById(id);if(radius==null){v=[end[0]-start[0],end[1]-start[1]];radius=Math.sqrt(v[0]*v[0]+v[1]*v[1])}if(node==null){node=myCreateElementSVG("path");node.setAttribute("id",id);svgpicture.appendChild(node)}node.setAttribute("d","M"+(start[0]*xunitlength+origin[0])+","+(height-start[1]*yunitlength-origin[1])+" A"+radius*xunitlength+","+radius*yunitlength+" 0 0,0 "+(end[0]*xunitlength+origin[0])+","+(height-end[1]*yunitlength-origin[1]));node.setAttribute("stroke-width",strokewidth);node.setAttribute("stroke",stroke);node.setAttribute("fill",fill);node.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);node.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity);if(marker=="arrow"||marker=="arrowdot"){u=[(end[1]-start[1])/4,(start[0]-end[0])/4];v=[(end[0]-start[0])/2,(end[1]-start[1])/2];v=[start[0]+v[0]+u[0],start[1]+v[1]+u[1]]}else v=[start[0],start[1]];if(marker=="dot"||marker=="arrowdot"){ASdot(start,markersize,markerstroke,markerfill);if(marker=="arrowdot")arrowhead(v,end);ASdot(end,markersize,markerstroke,markerfill)}else if(marker=="arrow")arrowhead(v,end)}function sector(center,start,end,id){var rx=start[0]-center[0],ry=start[1]-center[1];arc(start,end,Math.sqrt(rx*rx+ry*ry),id+"arc");path([end,center,start],id+"path")}function ellipse(center,rx,ry,id){var node;if(id!=null)node=doc.getElementById(id);if(node==null){node=myCreateElementSVG("ellipse");node.setAttribute("id",id);svgpicture.appendChild(node)}node.setAttribute("cx",center[0]*xunitlength+origin[0]);node.setAttribute("cy",height-center[1]*yunitlength-origin[1]);node.setAttribute("rx",rx*xunitlength);node.setAttribute("ry",ry*yunitlength);node.setAttribute("stroke-width",strokewidth);node.setAttribute("stroke",stroke);node.setAttribute("fill",fill);node.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);node.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity)}function triangle(p,q,r,id){path([p,q,r,p],id)}function rect(p,q,id,rx,ry){var node;if(id!=null)node=doc.getElementById(id);if(node==null){node=myCreateElementSVG("rect");node.setAttribute("id",id);svgpicture.appendChild(node)}node.setAttribute("x",p[0]*xunitlength+origin[0]);node.setAttribute("y",height-q[1]*yunitlength-origin[1]);node.setAttribute("width",(q[0]-p[0])*xunitlength);node.setAttribute("height",(q[1]-p[1])*yunitlength);if(rx!=null)node.setAttribute("rx",rx*xunitlength);if(ry!=null)node.setAttribute("ry",ry*yunitlength);node.setAttribute("stroke-width",strokewidth);node.setAttribute("stroke",stroke);node.setAttribute("fill",fill);node.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);node.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity)}function text(p,st,pos,id,fontsty){var dnode,node,dx=0,dy=fontsize/3;if(/(`|\$)/.test(st)){dnode=document.getElementById(svgpicture.getAttribute("name")+"mml");if(dnode!=null){if(id!=null)node=document.getElementById(id);if(node==null){node=myCreateElementXHTML("div");node.setAttribute("id",id);node.style.position="absolute";dnode.appendChild(node)}while(node.childNodes.length>0)node.removeChild(node.lastChild);node.appendChild(document.createTextNode(st));node.style.left=""+(p[0]*xunitlength+origin[0])+"px";node.style.top=""+(height-p[1]*yunitlength-origin[1])+"px";if(/`/.test(st))AMprocessNode(node);else LMprocessNode(node);dx=-node.offsetWidth/2;dy=-node.offsetHeight/2;if(pos!=null){if(/above/.test(pos))dy=-node.offsetHeight;if(/below/.test(pos))dy=0;if(/right/.test(pos))dx=0;if(/left/.test(pos))dx=-node.offsetWidth}node.style.left=""+(p[0]*xunitlength+origin[0]+dx)+"px";node.style.top=""+(height-p[1]*yunitlength-origin[1]+dy)+"px"}return p}var 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p}function mtext(p,st,pos,fontsty){var textanchor="middle";var dx=0;var dy=fontsize/3;if(pos!=null){if(pos.slice(0,5)=="above")dy=-fontsize/2;if(pos.slice(0,5)=="below")dy=fontsize-0;if(pos.slice(0,5)=="right"||pos.slice(5,10)=="right"){textanchor="start";dx=fontsize/2}if(pos.slice(0,4)=="left"||pos.slice(5,9)=="left"){textanchor="end";
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dy=="string"){gdx=dy;dy=null}if(xscl!=null){dx=xscl;gdx=xscl;labels=dx}if(yscl!=null){dy=yscl;gdy=yscl}if(xtick!=null){dx=xtick}if(ytick!=null){dy=ytick}dx=dx==null?xunitlength:dx*xunitlength;dy=dy==null?dx:dy*yunitlength;fontsize=Math.min(dx/2,dy/2,16);ticklength=fontsize/4;if(xgrid!=null)gdx=xgrid;if(ygrid!=null)gdy=ygrid;if(gdx!=null){gdx=typeof gdx=="string"?dx:gdx*xunitlength;gdy=gdy==null?dy:gdy*yunitlength;pnode=myCreateElementSVG("path");st="";for(x=origin[0];x<width;x=x+gdx)st+=" M"+x+",0"+" "+x+","+height;for(x=origin[0]-gdx;x>0;x=x-gdx)st+=" M"+x+",0"+" "+x+","+height;for(y=height-origin[1];y<height;y=y+gdy)st+=" M0,"+y+" "+width+","+y;for(y=height-origin[1]-gdy;y>0;y=y-gdy)st+=" M0,"+y+" "+width+","+y;pnode.setAttribute("d",st);pnode.setAttribute("stroke-width",.5);pnode.setAttribute("stroke",gridstroke);pnode.setAttribute("fill",fill);svgpicture.appendChild(pnode)}pnode=myCreateElementSVG("path");st="M0,"+(height-origin[1])+" "+width+","+(height-origin[1])+" 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ddy=floor(1.1-log(ldy)/log(10))+1;for(x=ldx;x<=xmax;x=x+ldx)text([x,ly],chopZ(x.toFixed(ddx)),lxp);for(x=-ldx;xmin<=x;x=x-ldx)text([x,ly],chopZ(x.toFixed(ddx)),lxp);for(y=ldy;y<=ymax;y=y+ldy)text([lx,y],chopZ(y.toFixed(ddy)),lyp);for(y=-ldy;ymin<=y;y=y-ldy)text([lx,y],chopZ(y.toFixed(ddy)),lyp)}fontsize=defaultfontsize;pnode.setAttribute("d",st);pnode.setAttribute("stroke-width",.5);pnode.setAttribute("stroke",axesstroke);pnode.setAttribute("fill",fill);pnode.setAttribute("stroke-opacity",strokeopacity);pnode.setAttribute("fill-opacity",fillopacity);svgpicture.appendChild(pnode)}function mathjs(st){st=st.replace(/\s/g,"");if(st.indexOf("^-1")!=-1){st=st.replace(/sin\^-1/g,"arcsin");st=st.replace(/cos\^-1/g,"arccos");st=st.replace(/tan\^-1/g,"arctan");st=st.replace(/sec\^-1/g,"arcsec");st=st.replace(/csc\^-1/g,"arccsc");st=st.replace(/cot\^-1/g,"arccot");st=st.replace(/sinh\^-1/g,"arcsinh");st=st.replace(/cosh\^-1/g,"arccosh");st=st.replace(/tanh\^-1/g,"arctanh");st=st.replace(/sech\^-1/g,"arcsech");st=st.replace(/csch\^-1/g,"arccsch");st=st.replace(/coth\^-1/g,"arccoth")}st=st.replace(/^e$/g,"(Math.E)");st=st.replace(/^e([^a-zA-Z])/g,"(Math.E)$1");st=st.replace(/([^a-zA-Z])e/g,"$1(Math.E)");st=st.replace(/([0-9])([\(a-zA-Z])/g,"$1*$2");st=st.replace(/\)([\(0-9a-zA-Z])/g,")*$1");var i,j,k,ch,nested;while((i=st.indexOf("^"))!=-1){if(i==0)return"Error: missing argument";j=i-1;ch=st.charAt(j);if(ch>="0"&&ch<="9"){j--;while(j>=0&&(ch=st.charAt(j))>="0"&&ch<="9")j--;if(ch=="."){j--;while(j>=0&&(ch=st.charAt(j))>="0"&&ch<="9")j--}}else 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"+k}st=st.slice(0,j+1)+"Math.pow("+st.slice(j+1,i)+","+st.slice(i+1,k)+")"+st.slice(k)}while((i=st.indexOf("!"))!=-1){if(i==0)return"Error: missing argument";j=i-1;ch=st.charAt(j);if(ch>="0"&&ch<="9"){j--;while(j>=0&&(ch=st.charAt(j))>="0"&&ch<="9")j--;if(ch=="."){j--;while(j>=0&&(ch=st.charAt(j))>="0"&&ch<="9")j--}}else if(ch==")"){nested=1;j--;while(j>=0&&nested>0){ch=st.charAt(j);if(ch=="(")nested--;else if(ch==")")nested++;j--}while(j>=0&&(ch=st.charAt(j))>="a"&&ch<="z"||ch>="A"&&ch<="Z")j--}else if(ch>="a"&&ch<="z"||ch>="A"&&ch<="Z"){j--;while(j>=0&&(ch=st.charAt(j))>="a"&&ch<="z"||ch>="A"&&ch<="Z")j--}else{return"Error: incorrect syntax in "+st+" at position "+j}st=st.slice(0,j+1)+"factorial("+st.slice(j+1,i)+")"+st.slice(i+1)}return st}function plot(fun,x_min,x_max,points,id,endpts){var pth=[];var f=function(x){return x},g=fun;var name=null;if(typeof fun=="string")eval("g = function(x){ with(Math) return "+mathjs(fun)+" }");else if(typeof fun=="object"){eval("f = function(t){ 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i=0;i<obj.childNodes.length;i++)result+=obj.childNodes.item(i)+"\n";return result}function displayCoord(evt){if(showcoordinates){var svgroot=evt.target.parentNode;var nl=svgroot.childNodes;for(var i=0;i<nl.length&&nl.item(i).nodeName!="text";i++);var cnode=nl.item(i);cnode.mtext=mtext;cnode.mtext([svgroot.getAttribute("width")-0,svgroot.getAttribute("height")-0],"("+getX(evt).toFixed(2)+", "+getY(evt).toFixed(2)+")","aboveleft","")}}function removeCoord(evt){var svgroot=evt.target.parentNode;var nl=svgroot.childNodes;for(var i=0;i<nl.length&&nl.item(i).nodeName!="text";i++);var cnode=nl.item(i);cnode.mtext=mtext;cnode.mtext([svgroot.getAttribute("width")-0,svgroot.getAttribute("height")-0],"","aboveleft","")}function initASCIIMathCalculators(li){var i;for(i=0;i<li.length;i++){li[i].innerHTML=calcstr;AMprocessNode(li[i])}li=document.getElementsByTagName("textarea");var st;for(i=0;i<li.length;i++){st=li[i].getAttribute("onkeyup");if(st!=null)eval(String(st).replace(/function anonymous\(\)/,""))}}function calculate(inputId,outputId){var str=document.getElementById(inputId).value;var err="";var ind=str.lastIndexOf("\n");if(ind==str.length-1)str=str.slice(0,ind);str=str.slice(str.lastIndexOf("\n")+1);try{var res=eval(mathjs(str))}catch(e){err="syntax incomplete"}if(!isNaN(res)&&res!="Infinity")str="`"+str+" =` "+(Math.abs(res-Math.round(res*1e6)/1e6)<1e-15?Math.round(res*1e6)/1e6:res)+err;else if(str!="")str="`"+str+"` = undefined";var outnode=document.getElementById(outputId);var n=outnode.childNodes.length;for(var i=0;i<n;i++)outnode.removeChild(outnode.firstChild);outnode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(str));AMprocessNode(outnode)}function append(st){document.getElementById("in").value+=st;calculate("in","out");document.getElementById("in").scrollTop=1e3;document.getElementById("in").focus()}function clearTextArea(){document.getElementById("in").value="";calculate("in","out");document.getElementById("in").focus()}var calcstr='<table align="center">\n<tr><th>\nASCIIMath Scientific Calculator\n</th></tr>\n<tr><td>\nClick in the box to use your keyboard or use the buttons\n</td></tr>\n<tr><td>\n<textarea id="in" rows="3" cols="40" onkeyup="calculate(\'in\',\'out\')"></textarea></td></tr>\n<tr><td height="50">Result: &nbsp; &nbsp; <span id="out"></span></td></tr>\n</table>\n<table align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">\n<tbody align="center">\n<tr>\n<td colspan="4">\n<button onclick="append(\'sin^-1(\')"><font size=2>`sin^-1`</font></button><button onclick="append(\'cos^-1(\')"><font size=2>`cos^-1`</font></button><button onclick="append(\'tan^-1(\')"><font size=2>`tan^-1`</font></button></td>\n<td><button onclick="clearTextArea()">&nbsp;`C`&nbsp;</button></td>\n\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'pi\')">&nbsp;`pi` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'sin(\')">&nbsp;`sin`</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'cos(\')">&nbsp;`cos`</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'tan(\')">&nbsp;`tan`</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'^\')">`x^y`</button></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'!\')">&nbsp; `!` &nbsp;</button></td>\n\n<td><button onclick="append(\'(\')"><font size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;`(`&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\')\')"><font size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;`)`&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'sqrt(\')"><font size=2>`sqrt({::}^ )`</font></button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'/\')">&nbsp;`-: `</button></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'log(\')">`log`</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'7\')">&nbsp; `7` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'8\')">&nbsp; `8` &nbsp;</button></td>\n\n<td><button onclick="append(\'9\')">&nbsp; `9` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'*\')">&nbsp;`times`&nbsp;</button></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'ln(\')">&nbsp;`ln`&nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'4\')">&nbsp; `4` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'5\')">&nbsp; `5` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'6\')">&nbsp; `6` &nbsp;</button></td>\n\n<td><button onclick="append(\'-\')">&nbsp;`-{::}`&nbsp;</button></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'e\')">&nbsp; `e` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'1\')">&nbsp;&nbsp;`1` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'2\')">&nbsp; `2` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'3\')">&nbsp; `3` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'+\')">&nbsp;`+{::}`&nbsp;</button></td>\n\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td> <!--button onclick="append(\'pi\')">&nbsp;`pi` &nbsp;</button--></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'0\')">&nbsp; `0` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'.\')">&nbsp; `.` &nbsp;</button></td>\n<td><button onclick="append(\'\\n\')">&nbsp;`"ent"`</button></td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>';function generic(){if(translateOnLoad){var nd=document.getElementById("processasciimathinmoodle");if(nd!=null)dsvglocation=nd.className;if(nd!=null||!checkforprocessasciimathinmoodle){if(translateLaTeX)LMtranslate();if(translateASCIIMath)translate();if(translateASCIIsvg)drawPictures()}var li=getElementsByClass(document,"div","ASCIIMathCalculator");if(li.length>0)initASCIIMathCalculators(li)}}if(typeof window.addEventListener!="undefined"){window.addEventListener("load",generic,false)}else if(typeof document.addEventListener!="undefined"){document.addEventListener("load",generic,false)}else if(typeof window.attachEvent!="undefined"){window.attachEvent("onload",generic)}else{if(typeof window.onload=="function"){var existing=onload;window.onload=function(){existing();generic()}}else{window.onload=generic}}