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<html>
<head>
<title>Apache::ASP::Style guide</title>



<style type="text/css">
<!--
      td {  font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px}
      font {  font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px}
      .title {  font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px}




-->
</style>


</head>
<body bgcolor=black link=#063678 alink=#ff5599 vlink=#993399
marginheight=0 marginwidth=0 leftMargin=0 topMargin=0>




<center>
<table border=0 cellpadding=0 width=99% cellspacing=8>
<tr><td align=center>

<table border=0 cellpadding=3 width=100% cellspacing=0>
<tr bgcolor=#063678>
<td>
	<table border=0 cellpadding=1 cellspacing=0 width=100%>
	<tr>
	<td><img border=0 src=asptitlelogo.gif alt="Apache::ASP" width=267 height=44 ></td>	
	
		<td align=right></td>
	
	</tr>
	</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td bgcolor=#005196 align=center>
    <b>
    <font color=#ffffff>&lt;% Web Applications with Apache &amp; mod_perl %&gt;</font>  
    </b>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>


<table border=0 cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0 width=100% bgcolor=#005196>
<tr>
<td valign=top width=120 bgcolor=#005196>
    
        <table cellpadding=5 cellspacing=0 border=1 bgcolor=white><tr><td>

	<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=105 bgcolor=white>
	
	
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="index.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>INTRO</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="install.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>INSTALL</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="config.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>CONFIG</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="syntax.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>SYNTAX</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="events.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>EVENTS</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="objects.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>OBJECTS</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="ssi.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>SSI</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="sessions.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>SESSIONS</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="xml.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>XML/XSLT</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="cgi.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>CGI</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="perlscript.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>PERLSCRIPT</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>%</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><font color=#993399>STYLE GUIDE</font></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="faq.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>FAQ</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="tuning.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>TUNING</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="kudos.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>CREDITS</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="support.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>SUPPORT</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="sites.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>SITES USING</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="testimonials.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>TESTIMONIALS</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="resources.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>RESOURCES</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="todo.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>TODO</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="changes.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>CHANGES</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="license.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>LICENSE</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

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		<tr><td colspan=2><hr size=1></td></tr>
		<tr>
		<td bgcolor=white><font size=-2 face="verdana" color=#993399><b><nobr>&nbsp;</nobr></b></font></td>

		<td bgcolor=white ><font face="verdana,helvetica" size=-1><b><nobr><a href="eg/index.html" style="text-decoration:none"><font color=#063678>EXAMPLES</font></a></nobr></b></font></td>		

		</tr>
		
	</table>

	</td></tr>
	</table>

		<br>
		<center>
		<a href=http://www.apache-asp.org/><img src="powered_by_apache_asp.jpg" width="88" height="31" alt="Powered by Apache::ASP" border="0"></a>
		<br>
		<a href=http://perl.apache.org><img src="powered_by_modperl.gif" width="88" height="31" alt="Powered by ModPerl and Apache" border="0"></a>
		<br>
		<a href=http://www.perl.com><img src="rectangle_power_perl.gif" width="88" height="31" alt="Powered by Perl" border="0"></a>
		</center>

</center>

</td>



<td valign=top bgcolor=white>
<font size=+0 face=verdana,arial>

<font face=verdana><font class=title size=+1 color=#555555><b>STYLE GUIDE</b></font>
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>Here are some general style guidelines.  Treat these as tips for
best practices on Apache::ASP development if you will.</font>

	<hr size=1>
	<table width=100% border=0 cellpadding=1 cellspacing=3>
	<tr>
	<td valign=top><font face="lucida console" size=-1>
	
		<tr>
		
			<td valign=top >
			<font face="lucida console" size=-1>
			<a href=#UseStrict>UseStrict</a>
			</font>
			</td>
		
			<td valign=top >
			<font face="lucida console" size=-1>
			<a href=#Use%20global.ae21f52dc>Use global.asa's Script_On* Events</a>
			</font>
			</td>
							
		</tr>
		
		<tr>
		
			<td valign=top >
			<font face="lucida console" size=-1>
			<a href=#Do%20not%20definc430b103>Do not define subroutines in scripts.</a>
			</font>
			</td>
		<td>&nbsp;</td>					
		</tr>
			
	</table>
	<hr size=1>
	<p>

	<p>
	<a name=UseStrict></a>
	<font face=verdana><font class=title size=+0 color=#555555><b>UseStrict</b></font>
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>One of perl&#39;s blessings is also its bane, variables do not need to be
declared, and are by default globally scoped.  The problem with this in 
<a href=http://perl.apache.org><font size=-1 face=verdana><b>mod_perl</b></font></a> is that global variables persist from one request to another
even if a different web browser is viewing a page.  
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>To avoid this problem, perl programmers have often been advised to
add to the top of their perl scripts:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
  use strict;
</pre></font>In Apache::ASP, you can do this better by setting:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
  PerlSetVar UseStrict 1
</pre></font>which will cover both script &amp; global.asa compilation and will catch 
&quot;use strict&quot; errors correctly.  For perl modules, please continue to
add &quot;use strict&quot; to the top of them.
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>Because its so essential in catching hard to find errors, this 
configuration will likely become the default in some future release.
For now, keep setting it.</font>
	
	<p>
	<a name=Do%20not%20definc430b103></a>
	<font face=verdana><font class=title size=+0 color=#555555><b>Do not define subroutines in scripts.</b></font>
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>DO NOT add subroutine declarations in scripts.  Apache::ASP is optimized
by compiling a script into a subroutine for faster future invocation.
Adding a subroutine definition to a script then looks like this to 
the compiler:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
  sub page_script_sub {
    ...
    ... some HTML ...
    ...
    sub your_sub {
      ...
    }
    ...
  }
</pre></font>The biggest problem with subroutines defined in subroutines is the 
side effect of creating closures, which will not behave as usually
desired in a <a href=http://perl.apache.org><font size=-1 face=verdana><b>mod_perl</b></font></a> environment.  To understand more about closures,
please read up on them &amp; &quot;Nested Subroutines&quot; at:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
  <a href=http://perl.apache.org/docs/general/perl_reference/perl_reference.html>http://perl.apache.org/docs/general/perl_reference/perl_reference.html</a>
</pre></font>Instead of defining subroutines in scripts, you may add them to your sites
global.asa, or you may create a perl package or module to share
with your scripts.  For more on perl objects &amp; modules, please see:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
  <a href=http://www.perldoc.com/perl5.8.0/pod/perlobj.html>http://www.perldoc.com/perl5.8.0/pod/perlobj.html</a>
</pre></font>
	
	<p>
	<a name=Use%20global.ae21f52dc></a>
	<font face=verdana><font class=title size=+0 color=#555555><b>Use global.asa's Script_On* Events</b></font>
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>Chances are that you will find yourself doing the same thing repeatedly
in each of your web application&#39;s scripts.  You can use Script_OnStart
and Script_OnEnd to automate these routine tasks.  These events are
called before and after each script request.
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
</pre></font>For example, let&#39;s say you have a header &amp; footer you would like to 
include in the output of every page, then you might:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
 # global.asa
 sub Script_OnStart {
   $Response-&gt;Include(&#39;header.inc&#39;);
 }
 sub Script_OnEnd {
   $Response-&gt;Include(&#39;footer.inc&#39;);
 }
</pre></font>Or let&#39;s say you want to initialize a global database connection
for use in your scripts:
<font face="courier new" size=3><pre>
 # global.asa
 use Apache::DBI;   # automatic persistent database connections
 use DBI;

 use vars qw($dbh); # declare global $dbh

 sub Script_OnStart {
   # initialize $dbh
   $dbh = DBI-&gt;connect(...);

   # force you to explicitly commit when you want to save data
   $Server-&gt;RegisterCleanup(sub { $dbh-&gt;rollback; });
 }

 sub Script_OnEnd {
   # not really necessary when using persistent connections, but
   # will free this one object reference at least
   $dbh = undef;
 }
</pre></font>
	

</font>
</td>

<td bgcolor=white valign=top>
&nbsp;
</td>

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<tr bgcolor=#063678>
	<td colspan=3 align=center width=80%>
	<font face=verdana color=white size=-1>
	Copyright &copy; 1998-2008,
	<a href=http://www.chamas.com><font color=white>Chamas Enterprises Inc.</font></a>
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