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<div class="title">Implementations in other languages </div> </div>
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<div class="textblock"><center> Back to <a class="el" href="organization.html">Code organization</a>. Forward to <a class="el" href="geoid.html">Geoid height</a>. Up to <a class="el" href="index.html#contents">Contents</a>. </center><p>Implementations of subsets of <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> are available in other languages</p><ul>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#c-fortran">C and Fortran implementation</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#java">Java implementation</a>.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#javascript">JavaScript implementation</a>.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#python">Python implementation</a>.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#matlab">MATLAB and Octave implementations</a>.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#maxima">Maxima routines</a>.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="other.html#dotnet">.NET wrapper</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="c-fortran"></a>
C and Fortran implementation</h1>
<p>The directories <code>legacy/C</code> and <code>legacy/Fortran</code> contain implementations of <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a>, <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1GeodesicLine.html" title="A geodesic line. ">GeodesicLine</a>, and <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1PolygonAreaT.html" title="Polygon areas. ">PolygonAreaT</a> in C and Fortran respectively. These are intended for use in old codes written in these languages and should work any reasonably modern compiler. These implementations are entirely self-contained and do not depend on the rest of <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a>. Sample main programs to solve the direct and inverse geodesic problems and to compute polygonal areas are provided.</p>
<p>For documentation, see</p><ul>
<li><a href="C/index.html">C library for geodesics</a>,</li>
<li><a href="Fortran/index.html">Fortran library for geodesics</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="java"></a>
Java implementation</h1>
<p>The directory <code>java</code> contains implementations of <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a>, <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1GeodesicLine.html" title="A geodesic line. ">GeodesicLine</a>, and <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1PolygonAreaT.html" title="Polygon areas. ">PolygonAreaT</a> in Java. This implementation is entirely self-contained and does not depend on the rest of <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a>. Sample main programs to solve the direct and inverse geodesic problems and to compute polygonal areas are provided.</p>
<p>This package is available on Maven Central; so if you're using Apache Maven as your build system, you can use this package by including the dependency</p><pre class="fragment"> <dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.geographiclib</groupId>
<artifactId>GeographicLib-Java</artifactId>
<version>1.45</version>
</dependency></pre><p> in your <code>pom.xml</code>.</p>
<p>For documentation, see</p><ul>
<li><a href="java/index.html">Java library for geodesics</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="javascript"></a>
JavaScript implementation</h1>
<p>The directory js/src contains the classes</p><ul>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Math.html" title="Mathematical functions needed by GeographicLib. ">Math</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Accumulator.html" title="An accumulator for sums. ">Accumulator</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1GeodesicLine.html" title="A geodesic line. ">GeodesicLine</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1PolygonAreaT.html" title="Polygon areas. ">PolygonAreaT</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1DMS.html" title="Convert between degrees and the DMS representation. ">DMS</a></li>
</ul>
<p>translated into JavaScript. When <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> is built the JavaScript source files are concatenated and compressed into a single file <code>geographiclib.min.js</code>. This can be included into your document with</p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><script type=<span class="stringliteral">"text/javascript"</span></div>
<div class="line"> src=<span class="stringliteral">"http://geographiclib.sf.net/scripts/geographiclib.min.js"</span>></div>
<div class="line"></script> </div>
</div><!-- fragment --><p> This file gives you the latest version of the library. If you need to use a specific version of this file, include a version number as in </p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><script type=<span class="stringliteral">"text/javascript"</span></div>
<div class="line"> src=<span class="stringliteral">"http://geographiclib.sf.net/scripts/geographiclib-1.45.min.js"</span>></div>
<div class="line"></script> </div>
</div><!-- fragment --><p> You can visit <a href="http://geographiclib.sf.net/scripts/">http://geographiclib.sf.net/scripts/</a> to see which versions are available.</p>
<p>Starting with version 1.45, this package is available as an <a href="https://nodejs.org">node</a> package that can be installed with <a href="https://www.npmjs.com">npm</a> (thanks to Yurij Mikhalevich for help with this work). To install this as a node package, use</p><pre class="fragment"> npm install geographiclib </pre><p>For documentation, see</p><ul>
<li><a href="js/index.html">JavaScript library for geodesics</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples of using this interface are</p><ul>
<li>a <a href="../scripts/geod-calc.html">geodesic calculator</a> showing the solution of direct and inverse geodesic problem, finding intermediate points on a geodesic line, and computing the area of a geodesic polygon.</li>
<li><a href="../scripts/geod-google.html">displaying geodesics in Google Maps</a> which shows the geodesic, the geodesic circle, and various geodesic envelopes.</li>
</ul>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="python"></a>
Python implementation</h1>
<p>A Python implementation of the geodesic routines from <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> are provided in the python/geographiclib directory (which is installed as PREFIX/lib/python/site-packages/geographiclib, if COMMON_INSTALL_PATH is ON, and as PREFIX/python/geographiclib, otherwise). This contains implementations of the classes</p><ul>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Math.html" title="Mathematical functions needed by GeographicLib. ">Math</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Accumulator.html" title="An accumulator for sums. ">Accumulator</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1GeodesicLine.html" title="A geodesic line. ">GeodesicLine</a></li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1PolygonAreaT.html" title="Polygon areas. ">PolygonAreaT</a></li>
</ul>
<p>You can install the Python interface independent of the rest of <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> using pip</p><pre class="fragment"> pip install geographiclib </pre><p> This requires root privileges and you might first need to install the python-pip package.</p>
<p>Alternatively download</p><ul>
<li><a href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/geographiclib">http://pypi.python.org/pypi/geographiclib</a></li>
</ul>
<p>and unpack the .tar.gz or .zip file. You can "install" these routines, so that they are in python's default path with, for example</p><pre class="fragment"> cd geographiclib-1.16
python setup.py install
</pre><p> (this will require root privileges). Or else you can set the path within Python using</p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00001"></a><span class="lineno"> 1</span> >>> <span class="keyword">import</span> sys</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00002"></a><span class="lineno"> 2</span> >>> sys.path.append(<span class="stringliteral">"/usr/local/lib/python/site-packages"</span>)</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><p>An example of using this interface is</p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00001"></a><span class="lineno"> 1</span> >>> <span class="keyword">from</span> geographiclib.geodesic <span class="keyword">import</span> Geodesic</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00002"></a><span class="lineno"> 2</span> >>> <span class="comment"># The geodesic inverse problem</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00003"></a><span class="lineno"> 3</span> ... Geodesic.WGS84.Inverse(-41.32, 174.81, 40.96, -5.50)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00004"></a><span class="lineno"> 4</span> >>> <span class="comment"># The geodesic direct problem</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00005"></a><span class="lineno"> 5</span> ... Geodesic.WGS84.Direct(40.6, -73.8, 45, 10000e3)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00006"></a><span class="lineno"> 6</span> >>> <span class="comment"># How to obtain several points along a geodesic</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00007"></a><span class="lineno"> 7</span> ... line = Geodesic.WGS84.Line(40.6, -73.8, 45)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00008"></a><span class="lineno"> 8</span> >>> line.Position( 5000e3)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00009"></a><span class="lineno"> 9</span> >>> line.Position(10000e3)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00010"></a><span class="lineno"> 10</span> >>> <span class="comment"># Computing the area of a geodesic polygon</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00011"></a><span class="lineno"> 11</span> ... <span class="keyword">def </span>p(lat,lon): <span class="keywordflow">return</span> {<span class="stringliteral">'lat'</span>: lat, <span class="stringliteral">'lon'</span>: lon}</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00012"></a><span class="lineno"> 12</span> ...</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00013"></a><span class="lineno"> 13</span> >>> Geodesic.WGS84.Area([p(0, 0), p(0, 90), p(90, 0)])</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00014"></a><span class="lineno"> 14</span> >>> <span class="comment"># Introductory help</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00015"></a><span class="lineno"> 15</span> ... help(Geodesic)</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><p>Another illustrative exercise is finding the point midway between JFK Airport to Singapore Changi Airport </p><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00001"></a><span class="lineno"> 1</span> <span class="keyword">from</span> geographiclib.geodesic <span class="keyword">import</span> Geodesic</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00002"></a><span class="lineno"> 2</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00003"></a><span class="lineno"> 3</span> <span class="comment"># Coordinates of airports</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00004"></a><span class="lineno"> 4</span> lat1, lon1 = 40.640, -73.779 <span class="comment"># JFK</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00005"></a><span class="lineno"> 5</span> lat2, lon2 = 1.359, 103.989 <span class="comment"># SIN</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00006"></a><span class="lineno"> 6</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00007"></a><span class="lineno"> 7</span> <span class="comment"># Compute path from 1 to 2</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00008"></a><span class="lineno"> 8</span> g = Geodesic.WGS84.Inverse(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00009"></a><span class="lineno"> 9</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00010"></a><span class="lineno"> 10</span> <span class="comment"># Compute midpoint starting at 1</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00011"></a><span class="lineno"> 11</span> h = Geodesic.WGS84.Direct(lat1, lon1, g[<span class="stringliteral">'azi1'</span>], g[<span class="stringliteral">'s12'</span>]/2)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00012"></a><span class="lineno"> 12</span> print(h[<span class="stringliteral">'lat2'</span>], h[<span class="stringliteral">'lon2'</span>])</div>
</div><!-- fragment --><p>(Note: The initial version of setup.py was provided by Andrew MacIntyre of the Australian Communications and Media Authority.)</p>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="matlab"></a>
MATLAB and Octave implementations</h1>
<p>The <code>matlab/geographiclib</code> directory contains MATLAB and Octave implementations of some of the functions of <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a>. To use these, start MATLAB or Octave and run one of (for example): </p><pre class="fragment"> addpath /usr/local/share/matlab/geographiclib
addpath C:/pkg-vc10-x64/GeographicLib-1.45/matlab/geographiclib</pre><p> A summary of the routines is obtained by</p><pre class="fragment"> help geographiclib </pre><p> These MATLAB functions is also available from the MATLAB File Exchange site as the <a href="http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/50605">GeographicLib toolbox</a>, package 50605.</p>
<p>The functions fall into the following groups</p><ul>
<li>Geodesics<ul>
<li>geoddistance - Distance between points on an ellipsoid</li>
<li>geodreckon - Point at specified azimuth, range on an ellipsoid</li>
<li>geodarea - Surface area of polygon on an ellipsoid</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Projections<ul>
<li>tranmerc_fwd - Forward transverse Mercator projection</li>
<li>tranmerc_inv - Inverse transverse Mercator projection</li>
<li>polarst_fwd - Forward polar stereographic projection</li>
<li>polarst_inv - Inverse polar stereographic projection</li>
<li>eqdazim_fwd - Forward azimuthal equidistant projection</li>
<li>eqdazim_inv - Inverse azimuthal equidistant projection</li>
<li>cassini_fwd - Forward Cassini-Soldner projection</li>
<li>cassini_inv - Inverse Cassini-Soldner projection</li>
<li>gnomonic_fwd - Forward ellipsoidal gnomonic projection</li>
<li>gnomonic_inv - Inverse ellipsoidal gnomonic projection</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Grid systems<ul>
<li>utmups_fwd - Convert to UTM/UPS system</li>
<li>utmups_inv - Convert from UTM/UPS system</li>
<li>mgrs_fwd - Convert UTM/UPS coordinates to <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1MGRS.html" title="Convert between UTM/UPS and MGRS. ">MGRS</a></li>
<li>mgrs_inv - Convert <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1MGRS.html" title="Convert between UTM/UPS and MGRS. ">MGRS</a> to UTM/UPS coordinates</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geoid.html" title="Looking up the height of the geoid above the ellipsoid. ">Geoid</a> lookup<ul>
<li>geoid_height - Compute the height of the geoid</li>
<li>geoid_load - Load a geoid model</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Great ellipses<ul>
<li>gedistance - Great ellipse distance between points on an ellipsoid</li>
<li>gereckon - Point along great ellipse at specified azimuth and range</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Geometric transformations<ul>
<li>geocent_fwd - Conversion from geographic to geocentric coordinates</li>
<li>geocent_inv - Conversion from geocentric to geographic coordinates</li>
<li>loccart_fwd - Convert geographic to local cartesian coordinates</li>
<li>loccart_inv - Convert local cartesian to geographic coordinates</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Utility.html" title="Some utility routines for GeographicLib. ">Utility</a><ul>
<li>defaultellipsoid - Return the WGS84 ellipsoid</li>
<li>ecc2flat - Convert eccentricity to flattening</li>
<li>flat2ecc - Convert flattening to eccentricity</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Documentation<ul>
<li>geoddoc - Geodesics on an ellipsoid of revolution</li>
<li>projdoc - <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a> projections for an ellipsoid</li>
<li>gedoc - Great ellipses on an ellipsoid of revolution</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>These functions reimplement the C++ routines from <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> in MATLAB code (but note that routines for great ellipses are <em>only</em> available as MATLAB code). Because these functions are all vectorized, their performance is comparable to the C++ routines. The minimum version numbers required are</p><ul>
<li>MATLAB, version 7.9, 2009b,</li>
<li>Octave, version 3.4, Feb. 2011.</li>
</ul>
<p>In addition, in order to use the geoid routines, Octave needs to have been built with a version of GraphicsMagick which supports 16-bit images.</p>
<p>Previously, some of these routines were packaged as three separate packages</p><ul>
<li><a href="http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/39108">Geodesics on an ellipsoid of revolution</a>, MATLAB File Exchange package 39108.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a> projections for an ellipsoid,</li>
<li>Great ellipses.</li>
</ul>
<p>These packages have now all been incorporated into the <a href="http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/50605">GeographicLib toolbox</a>.</p>
<p>Prior to version 1.42, <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> was distributed with some MATLAB functionality offered via compiled interface code. This has now been replaced by native MATLAB wrapper functions which call the functions in the <a href="http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/50605">GeographicLib toolbox</a>. To use these wrapper functions, run one of: </p><pre class="fragment"> addpath /usr/local/share/matlab/geographiclib-legacy
addpath C:/pkg-vc10-x64/GeographicLib-1.45/matlab/geographiclib-legacy</pre><p> The <a href="http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/50605">GeographicLib toolbox</a> <em>must</em> also be in your MATLAB path. A summary of the routines is obtained by</p><pre class="fragment"> help geographiclib-legacy </pre><p> These functions are <b>DEPRECATED</b>. Here is a function listing</p><ul>
<li>Geodesics<ul>
<li>geodesicdirect - Wrapper for geodreckon</li>
<li>geodesicinverse - Wrapper for geoddistance</li>
<li>geodesicline - Another wrapper for geodreckon</li>
<li>polygonarea - Wrapper for geodarea</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Grid systems<ul>
<li>utmupsforward - Wrapper for utmups_fwd</li>
<li>utmupsreverse - Wrapper for utmups_inv</li>
<li>mgrsforward - Wrapper for mgrs_fwd</li>
<li>mgrsreverse - Wrapper for mgrs_inv</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geoid.html" title="Looking up the height of the geoid above the ellipsoid. ">Geoid</a> lookup<ul>
<li>geoidheight - Wrapper for geoid_height</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Geometric transformations<ul>
<li>geocentricforward - Wrapper for geocent_fwd</li>
<li>geocentricreverse - Wrapper for geocent_inv</li>
<li>localcartesianforward - Wrapper for loccart_fwd</li>
<li>localcartesianreverse - Wrapper for loccart_inv</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Deprecated<ul>
<li>geographiclibinterface - Compile interface code (DEPRECATED)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The last routine can be used to compile the obsolete interface code (which is still provided as C++ code in the same directory). Doing this will switch MATLAB from using the native MATLAB routines to the compiled interface. However, the native code is easier to deploy and is about as fast; so the compiled interface will be removed at some point in 2016.</p>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="maxima"></a>
Maxima routines</h1>
<p>Maxima is a free computer algebra system which can be downloaded from <a href="http://maxima.sf.net">http://maxima.sf.net</a>. Maxima was used to generate the series used by <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1TransverseMercator.html" title="Transverse Mercator projection. ">TransverseMercator</a> (<a href="tmseries.mac">tmseries.mac</a>), <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Geodesic.html" title="Geodesic calculations ">Geodesic</a> (<a href="geod.mac">geod.mac</a>), <a class="el" href="classGeographicLib_1_1Rhumb.html" title="Solve of the direct and inverse rhumb problems. ">Rhumb</a> (<a href="rhumbarea.mac">rhumbarea.mac</a>), <a class="el" href="greatellipse.html#gearea">The area under a great ellipse</a> (<a href="gearea.mac">gearea.mac</a>), the relation between <a class="el" href="auxlat.html">Auxiliary latitudes</a> (<a href="auxlat.mac">auxlat.mac</a>), and to generate accurate data for testing (<a href="tm.mac">tm.mac</a> and <a href="geodesic.mac">geodesic.mac</a>). The latter uses Maxima's bigfloat arithmetic together with series extended to high order or solutions in terms of elliptic integrals (<a href="ellint.mac">ellint.mac</a>). These files contain brief instructions on how to use them.</p>
<h1><a class="anchor" id="dotnet"></a>
.NET wrapper</h1>
<p>This is a comprehensive wrapper library, written and maintained by Scott Heiman, which exposes all of the functionality of <a class="el" href="namespaceGeographicLib.html" title="Namespace for GeographicLib. ">GeographicLib</a> to the .NET family of languages. For documentation, see</p><ul>
<li><a href="NET/index.html">NETGeographicLib .NET wrapper library</a>.</li>
</ul>
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