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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Fiona</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#usage">Usage</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#collections">Collections</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#reading-multilayer-data">Reading Multilayer data</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#writing-multilayer-data">Writing Multilayer data</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#collections-from-archives-and-virtual-file-systems">Collections from archives and virtual file systems</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fiona-cli">Fiona CLI</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installation">Installation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-requirements">Python Requirements</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#unix-like-systems">Unix-like systems</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#windows">Windows</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#development-and-testing">Development and testing</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#changes">Changes</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1">1.6.3 (2015-09-22)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id2">1.6.2 (2015-09-22)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id3">1.6.1 (2015-08-12)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id4">1.6.0 (2015-07-21)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id5">1.5.1 (2015-03-19)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id6">1.5.0 (2015-02-02)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id7">1.4.8 (2014-11-02)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id8">1.4.7 (2014-10-28)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id9">1.4.6 (2014-10-21)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id10">1.4.5 (2014-10-18)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id11">1.4.4 (2014-10-13)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id12">1.4.3 (2014-10-10)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id13">1.4.2 (2014-10-03)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id14">1.4.1 (2014-09-30)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id15">1.4.0 (2014-09-22)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id16">1.3.0 (2014-09-17)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id17">1.2.0 (2014-09-02)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id18">1.1.6 (2014-07-23)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id19">1.1.5 (2014-05-21)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id20">1.1.4 (2014-04-03)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id21">1.1.3 (2014-03-23)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id22">1.1.2 (2014-02-14)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id23">1.1.1 (2014-02-02)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id24">1.1 (2014-01-22)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id25">1.0.3 (2014-01-21)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id26">1.0.2 (2013-09-09)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id27">1.0.1 (2013-08-16)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id28">1.0 (2013-07-30)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id29">0.16.1 (2013-07-02)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id30">0.16 (2013-06-24)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id31">0.15 (2013-06-06)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id32">0.14 (2013-05-04)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id33">0.13 (2013-04-30)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id34">0.12.1 (2013-04-16)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id35">0.12 (2013-04-15)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id36">0.11 (2013-04-14)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id37">0.10 (2013-03-23)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id38">0.9.1 (2013-03-07)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id39">0.9 (2013-03-06)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id40">0.8 (2012-02-21)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id41">0.7 (2012-01-29)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id42">0.6.2 (2012-01-10)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id43">0.6.1 (2012-01-06)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id44">0.6 (2012-01-05)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id45">0.5 (2011-12-19)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id46">0.2 (2011-09-16)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id47">0.1.1 (2008-12-04)</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#credits">Credits</a></li>
</ul>
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<div class="section" id="fiona">
<h1>Fiona<a class="headerlink" href="#fiona" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Fiona is OGR’s neat, nimble, no-nonsense API for Python programmers.</p>
<p>Fiona is designed to be simple and dependable. It focuses on reading and
writing data in standard Python IO style and relies upon familiar Python types
and protocols such as files, dictionaries, mappings, and iterators instead of
classes specific to OGR. Fiona can read and write real-world data using
multi-layered GIS formats and zipped virtual file systems and integrates
readily with other Python GIS packages such as <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyproj/">pyproj</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Rtree/">Rtree</a>, and <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Shapely/">Shapely</a>.</p>
<p>For more details, see:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fiona <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona">home page</a></li>
<li>Fiona <a class="reference external" href="http://toblerity.github.com/fiona/">docs and manual</a></li>
<li>Fiona <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona/tree/master/examples">examples</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="section" id="usage">
<h2>Usage<a class="headerlink" href="#usage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="collections">
<h3>Collections<a class="headerlink" href="#collections" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Records are read from and written to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></code>-like <cite>Collection</cite> objects
returned from the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fiona.open()</span></code> function. Records are mappings modeled on
the GeoJSON format. They don’t have any spatial methods of their own, so if you
want to do anything fancy with them you will probably need Shapely or something
like it. Here is an example of using Fiona to read some records from one data
file, change their geometry attributes, and write them to a new data file.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">fiona</span>
<span class="c1"># Register format drivers with a context manager</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drivers</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="c1"># Open a file for reading. We'll call this the "source."</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tests/data/coutwildrnp.shp'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">source</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># The file we'll write to, the "sink", must be initialized</span>
<span class="c1"># with a coordinate system, a format driver name, and</span>
<span class="c1"># a record schema. We can get initial values from the open</span>
<span class="c1"># collection's ``meta`` property and then modify them as</span>
<span class="c1"># desired.</span>
<span class="n">meta</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">source</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">meta</span>
<span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'schema'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'geometry'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Point'</span>
<span class="c1"># Open an output file, using the same format driver and</span>
<span class="c1"># coordinate reference system as the source. The ``meta``</span>
<span class="c1"># mapping fills in the keyword parameters of fiona.open().</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'test_write.shp'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'w'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">sink</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Process only the records intersecting a box.</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">f</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">source</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">107.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">37.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">105.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">39.0</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="c1"># Get a point on the boundary of the record's</span>
<span class="c1"># geometry.</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'geometry'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s1">'type'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Point'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'coordinates'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'geometry'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'coordinates'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]}</span>
<span class="c1"># Write the record out.</span>
<span class="n">sink</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># The sink's contents are flushed to disk and the file is</span>
<span class="c1"># closed when its ``with`` block ends. This effectively</span>
<span class="c1"># executes ``sink.flush(); sink.close()``.</span>
<span class="c1"># At the end of the ``with fiona.drivers()`` block, context</span>
<span class="c1"># manager exits and all drivers are de-registered.</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The fiona.drivers() function and context manager are new in 1.1. The
example above shows the way to use it to register and de-register
drivers in a deterministic and efficient way. Code written for Fiona 1.0
will continue to work: opened collections may manage the global driver
registry if no other manager is present.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="reading-multilayer-data">
<h3>Reading Multilayer data<a class="headerlink" href="#reading-multilayer-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Collections can also be made from single layers within multilayer files or
directories of data. The target layer is specified by name or by its integer
index within the file or directory. The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fiona.listlayers()</span></code> function
provides an index ordered list of layer names.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drivers</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">layername</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listlayers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tests/data'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tests/data'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">layername</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">layername</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1"># Output:</span>
<span class="c1"># (u'coutwildrnp', 67)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Layer can also be specified by index. In this case, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">layer=0</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">layer='test_uk'</span></code> specify the same layer in the data file or directory.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drivers</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layername</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listlayers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tests/data'</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tests/data'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layername</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1"># Output:</span>
<span class="c1"># (0, u'coutwildrnp', 67)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="writing-multilayer-data">
<h3>Writing Multilayer data<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-multilayer-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Multilayer data can be written as well. Layers must be specified by name when
writing.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drivers</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tests/data/cowildrnp.shp'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">meta</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">meta</span>
<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'/tmp/foo'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'w'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'bar'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">dst</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">dst</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listlayers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'/tmp/foo'</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'/tmp/foo'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'bar'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'geometry'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'type'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'properties'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="c1"># Output:</span>
<span class="c1"># [u'bar']</span>
<span class="c1"># 1</span>
<span class="c1"># Polygon</span>
<span class="c1"># OrderedDict([(u'PERIMETER', 1.22107), (u'FEATURE2', None), (u'NAME', u'Mount Naomi Wilderness'), (u'FEATURE1', u'Wilderness'), (u'URL', u'http://www.wilderness.net/index.cfm?fuse=NWPS&sec=wildView&wname=Mount%20Naomi'), (u'AGBUR', u'FS'), (u'AREA', 0.0179264), (u'STATE_FIPS', u'49'), (u'WILDRNP020', 332), (u'STATE', u'UT')])</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>A view of the /tmp/foo directory will confirm the creation of the new files.</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> ls /tmp/foo
<span class="go">bar.cpg bar.dbf bar.prj bar.shp bar.shx</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="collections-from-archives-and-virtual-file-systems">
<h3>Collections from archives and virtual file systems<a class="headerlink" href="#collections-from-archives-and-virtual-file-systems" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Zip and Tar archives can be treated as virtual filesystems and Collections can
be made from paths and layers within them. In other words, Fiona lets you read
and write zipped Shapefiles.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drivers</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layername</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listlayers</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">vfs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'zip://tests/data/coutwildrnp.zip'</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'/'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">vfs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'zip://tests/data/coutwildrnp.zip'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">layer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">src</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">layername</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">src</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1"># Output:</span>
<span class="c1"># (0, u'coutwildrnp', 67)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="fiona-cli">
<h2>Fiona CLI<a class="headerlink" href="#fiona-cli" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Fiona’s command line interface, named “fio”, is documented at <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona/blob/master/docs/cli.rst">docs/cli.rst</a>. Its <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fio</span>
<span class="pre">info</span></code> pretty prints information about a data file.</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> fio info --indent <span class="m">2</span> tests/data/coutwildrnp.shp
<span class="go">{</span>
<span class="go"> "count": 67,</span>
<span class="go"> "crs": "EPSG:4326",</span>
<span class="go"> "driver": "ESRI Shapefile",</span>
<span class="go"> "bounds": [</span>
<span class="go"> -113.56424713134766,</span>
<span class="go"> 37.0689811706543,</span>
<span class="go"> -104.97087097167969,</span>
<span class="go"> 41.99627685546875</span>
<span class="go"> ],</span>
<span class="go"> "schema": {</span>
<span class="go"> "geometry": "Polygon",</span>
<span class="go"> "properties": {</span>
<span class="go"> "PERIMETER": "float:24.15",</span>
<span class="go"> "FEATURE2": "str:80",</span>
<span class="go"> "NAME": "str:80",</span>
<span class="go"> "FEATURE1": "str:80",</span>
<span class="go"> "URL": "str:101",</span>
<span class="go"> "AGBUR": "str:80",</span>
<span class="go"> "AREA": "float:24.15",</span>
<span class="go"> "STATE_FIPS": "str:80",</span>
<span class="go"> "WILDRNP020": "int:10",</span>
<span class="go"> "STATE": "str:80"</span>
<span class="go"> }</span>
<span class="go"> }</span>
<span class="go">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installation">
<h2>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Fiona requires Python 2.6, 2.7, 3.3, or 3.4 and GDAL/OGR 1.8+. To build from
a source distribution you will need a C compiler and GDAL and Python
development headers and libraries (libgdal1-dev for Debian/Ubuntu, gdal-dev for
CentOS/Fedora).</p>
<p>To build from a repository copy, you will also need Cython to build C sources
from the project’s .pyx files. See the project’s requirements-dev.txt file for
guidance.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks#gdal_complete">Kyngchaos GDAL frameworks</a> will satisfy
the GDAL/OGR dependency for OS X, as will Homebrew’s GDAL Formula (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">brew</span> <span class="pre">install</span>
<span class="pre">gdal</span></code>).</p>
<div class="section" id="python-requirements">
<h3>Python Requirements<a class="headerlink" href="#python-requirements" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Fiona depends on the modules <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">six</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cligj</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">munch</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code>, and
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ordereddict</span></code> (the two latter modules are standard in Python 2.7+). Pip will
fetch these requirements for you, but users installing Fiona from a Windows
installer must get them separately.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="unix-like-systems">
<h3>Unix-like systems<a class="headerlink" href="#unix-like-systems" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Assuming you’re using a virtualenv (if not, skip to the 4th command) and
GDAL/OGR libraries, headers, and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.gdal.org/gdal-config.html">gdal-config</a> program are installed to well
known locations on your system via your system’s package manager (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">brew</span>
<span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">gdal</span></code> using Homebrew on OS X), installation is this simple.</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> mkdir fiona_env
<span class="gp">$</span> virtualenv fiona_env
<span class="gp">$</span> <span class="nb">source</span> fiona_env/bin/activate
<span class="gp">(fiona_env)$</span> pip install Fiona
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If gdal-config is not available or if GDAL/OGR headers and libs aren’t
installed to a well known location, you must set include dirs, library dirs,
and libraries options via the setup.cfg file or setup command line as shown
below (using <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">git</span></code>).</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">(fiona_env)$</span> git clone git://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona.git
<span class="gp">(fiona_env)$</span> <span class="nb">cd</span> Fiona
<span class="gp">(fiona_env)$</span> python setup.py build_ext -I/path/to/gdal/include -L/path/to/gdal/lib -lgdal install
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Or specify that build options should be provided by a particular
gdal-config program.</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">(fiona_env)$</span> <span class="nv">GDAL_CONFIG</span><span class="o">=</span>/path/to/gdal-config pip install .
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="windows">
<h3>Windows<a class="headerlink" href="#windows" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Binary installers are available at
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#fiona">http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#fiona</a> and coming eventually to PyPI.</p>
<p>You can download a binary distribution of GDAL from <a class="reference external" href="http://www.gisinternals.com/release.php">here</a>. You will also need to download
the compiled libraries and headers (include files).</p>
<p>When building from source on Windows, it is important to know that setup.py
cannot rely on gdal-config, which is only present on UNIX systems, to discover
the locations of header files and libraries that Fiona needs to compile its
C extensions. On Windows, these paths need to be provided by the user.
You will need to find the include files and the library files for gdal and
use setup.py as follows.</p>
<div class="highlight-console"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">$</span> python setup.py build_ext -I<path to gdal include files> -lgdal_i -L<path to gdal library>
<span class="gp">$</span> python setup.py install
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note: The GDAL dll (gdal111.dll) and gdal-data directory need to be in your
Windows PATH otherwise Fiona will fail to work.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="development-and-testing">
<h2>Development and testing<a class="headerlink" href="#development-and-testing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Building from the source requires Cython. Tests require Nose. If the GDAL/OGR
libraries, headers, and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.gdal.org/gdal-config.html">gdal-config</a> program are installed to well known
locations on your system (via your system’s package manager), you can do this:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>(fiona_env)$ git clone git://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona.git
(fiona_env)$ cd Fiona
(fiona_env)$ pip install -e .
(fiona_env)$ nosetests
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you have a non-standard environment, you’ll need to specify the include and
lib dirs and GDAL library on the command line:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>(fiona_env)$ python setup.py build_ext -I/path/to/gdal/include -L/path/to/gdal/lib -lgdal --gdalversion 2.0.1 develop
(fiona_env)$ nosetests
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="changes">
<h2>Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#changes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>All issue numbers are relative to <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona/issues">https://github.com/Toblerity/Fiona/issues</a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h3>1.6.3 (2015-09-22)<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Daytime has been decreasing in the Northern Hemisphere, but is now
increasing again as it should.</li>
<li>Non-UTF strings were being passed into OGR functions in some situations
and on Windows this would sometimes crash a Python process (#303). Fiona
now raises errors derived from UnicodeError when field names or field
values can’t be encoded.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id2">
<h3>1.6.2 (2015-09-22)<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Providing only PROJ4 representations in the dataset meta property resulted in
loss of CRS information when using the <cite>fiona.open(..., **src.meta) as dst</cite>
pattern (#265). This bug has been addressed by adding a crs_wkt item to the
meta property and extending the <cite>fiona.open()</cite> and the collection constructor
to look for and prioritize this keyword argument.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id3">
<h3>1.6.1 (2015-08-12)<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Bug fix: Fiona now deserializes JSON-encoded string properties provided by
the OGR GeoJSON driver (#244, #245, #246).</li>
<li>Bug fix: proj4 data was not copied properly into binary distributions due to
a typo (#254).</li>
</ul>
<p>Special thanks to WFMU DJ Liz Berg for the awesome playlist that’s fueling my
release sprint. Check it out at <a class="reference external" href="http://wfmu.org/playlists/shows/62083">http://wfmu.org/playlists/shows/62083</a>. You
can’t unhear Love Coffin.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id4">
<h3>1.6.0 (2015-07-21)<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Upgrade Cython requirement to 0.22 (#214).</li>
<li>New BytesCollection class (#215).</li>
<li>Add GDAL’s OpenFileGDB driver to registered drivers (#221).</li>
<li>Implement CLI commands as plugins (#228).</li>
<li>Raise click.abort instead of calling sys.exit, preventing suprising exits
(#236).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id5">
<h3>1.5.1 (2015-03-19)<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Restore test data to sdists by fixing MANIFEST.in (#216).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id6">
<h3>1.5.0 (2015-02-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Finalize GeoJSON feature sequence options (#174).</li>
<li>Fix for reading of datasets that don’t support feature counting (#190).</li>
<li>New test dataset (#188).</li>
<li>Fix for encoding error (#191).</li>
<li>Remove confusing warning (#195).</li>
<li>Add data files for binary wheels (#196).</li>
<li>Add control over drivers enabled when reading datasets (#203).</li>
<li>Use cligj for CLI options involving GeoJSON (#204).</li>
<li>Fix fio-info –bounds help (#206).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id7">
<h3>1.4.8 (2014-11-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add missing crs_wkt property as in Rasterio (#182).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id8">
<h3>1.4.7 (2014-10-28)<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fix setting of CRS from EPSG codes (#149).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id9">
<h3>1.4.6 (2014-10-21)<a class="headerlink" href="#id9" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Handle 3D coordinates in bounds() #178.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id10">
<h3>1.4.5 (2014-10-18)<a class="headerlink" href="#id10" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add –bbox option to fio-cat (#163).</li>
<li>Skip geopackage tests if run from an sdist (#167).</li>
<li>Add fio-bounds and fio-distrib.</li>
<li>Restore fio-dump to working order.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id11">
<h3>1.4.4 (2014-10-13)<a class="headerlink" href="#id11" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fix accidental requirement on GDAL 1.11 introduced in 1.4.3 (#164).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id12">
<h3>1.4.3 (2014-10-10)<a class="headerlink" href="#id12" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add support for geopackage format (#160).</li>
<li>Add -f and –format aliases for –driver in CLI (#162).</li>
<li>Add –version option and env command to CLI.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id13">
<h3>1.4.2 (2014-10-03)<a class="headerlink" href="#id13" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>–dst-crs and –src-crs options for fio cat and collect (#159).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id14">
<h3>1.4.1 (2014-09-30)<a class="headerlink" href="#id14" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fix encoding bug in collection’s __getitem__ (#153).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id15">
<h3>1.4.0 (2014-09-22)<a class="headerlink" href="#id15" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add fio cat and fio collect commands (#150).</li>
<li>Return of Python 2.6 compatibility (#148).</li>
<li>Improved CRS support (#149).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id16">
<h3>1.3.0 (2014-09-17)<a class="headerlink" href="#id16" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add single metadata item accessors to fio inf (#142).</li>
<li>Move fio to setuptools entry point (#142).</li>
<li>Add fio dump and load commands (#143).</li>
<li>Remove fio translate command.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id17">
<h3>1.2.0 (2014-09-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#id17" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Always show property width and precision in schema (#123).</li>
<li>Write datetime properties of features (#125).</li>
<li>Reset spatial filtering in filter() (#129).</li>
<li>Accept datetime.date objects as feature properties (#130).</li>
<li>Add slicing to collection iterators (#132).</li>
<li>Add geometry object masks to collection iterators (#136).</li>
<li>Change source layout to match Shapely and Rasterio (#138).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id18">
<h3>1.1.6 (2014-07-23)<a class="headerlink" href="#id18" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Implement Collection __getitem__() (#112).</li>
<li>Leave GDAL finalization to the DLL’s destructor (#113).</li>
<li>Add Collection keys(), values(), items(), __contains__() (#114).</li>
<li>CRS bug fix (#116).</li>
<li>Add fio CLI program.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id19">
<h3>1.1.5 (2014-05-21)<a class="headerlink" href="#id19" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Addition of cpl_errs context manager (#108).</li>
<li>Check for NULLs with ‘==’ test instead of ‘is’ (#109).</li>
<li>Open auxiliary files with encoding=’utf-8’ in setup for Python 3 (#110).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id20">
<h3>1.1.4 (2014-04-03)<a class="headerlink" href="#id20" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Convert ‘long’ in schemas to ‘int’ (#101).</li>
<li>Carefully map Python schema to the possibly munged internal schema (#105).</li>
<li>Allow writing of features with geometry: None (#71).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id21">
<h3>1.1.3 (2014-03-23)<a class="headerlink" href="#id21" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Always register all GDAL and OGR drivers when entering the DriverManager
context (#80, #92).</li>
<li>Skip unsupported field types with a warning (#91).</li>
<li>Allow OGR config options to be passed to fiona.drivers() (#90, #93).</li>
<li>Add a bounds() function (#100).</li>
<li>Turn on GPX driver.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id22">
<h3>1.1.2 (2014-02-14)<a class="headerlink" href="#id22" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Remove collection slice left in dumpgj (#88).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id23">
<h3>1.1.1 (2014-02-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#id23" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add an interactive file inspector like the one in rasterio.</li>
<li>CRS to_string bug fix (#83).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id24">
<h3>1.1 (2014-01-22)<a class="headerlink" href="#id24" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Use a context manager to manage drivers (#78), a backwards compatible but
big change. Fiona is now compatible with rasterio and plays better with the
osgeo package.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id25">
<h3>1.0.3 (2014-01-21)<a class="headerlink" href="#id25" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fix serialization of +init projections (#69).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id26">
<h3>1.0.2 (2013-09-09)<a class="headerlink" href="#id26" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Smarter, better test setup (#65, #66, #67).</li>
<li>Add type=’Feature’ to records read from a Collection (#68).</li>
<li>Skip geometry validation when using GeoJSON driver (#61).</li>
<li>Dumpgj file description reports record properties as a list (as in
dict.items()) instead of a dict.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id27">
<h3>1.0.1 (2013-08-16)<a class="headerlink" href="#id27" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Allow ordering of written fields and preservation of field order when
reading (#57).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id28">
<h3>1.0 (2013-07-30)<a class="headerlink" href="#id28" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add prop_type() function.</li>
<li>Allow UTF-8 encoded paths for Python 2 (#51). For Python 3, paths must
always be str, never bytes.</li>
<li>Remove encoding from collection.meta, it’s a file creation option only.</li>
<li>Support for linking GDAL frameworks (#54).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id29">
<h3>0.16.1 (2013-07-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#id29" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add listlayers, open, prop_width to __init__py:__all__.</li>
<li>Reset reading of OGR layer whenever we ask for a collection iterator (#49).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id30">
<h3>0.16 (2013-06-24)<a class="headerlink" href="#id30" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add support for writing layers to multi-layer files.</li>
<li>Add tests to reach 100% Python code coverage.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id31">
<h3>0.15 (2013-06-06)<a class="headerlink" href="#id31" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Get and set numeric field widths (#42).</li>
<li>Add support for multi-layer data sources (#17).</li>
<li>Add support for zip and tar virtual filesystems (#45).</li>
<li>Add listlayers() function.</li>
<li>Add GeoJSON to list of supported formats (#47).</li>
<li>Allow selection of layers by index or name.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id32">
<h3>0.14 (2013-05-04)<a class="headerlink" href="#id32" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add option to add JSON-LD in the dumpgj program.</li>
<li>Compare values to six.string_types in Collection constructor.</li>
<li>Add encoding to Collection.meta.</li>
<li>Document dumpgj in README.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id33">
<h3>0.13 (2013-04-30)<a class="headerlink" href="#id33" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Python 2/3 compatibility in a single package. Pythons 2.6, 2.7, 3.3 now supported.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id34">
<h3>0.12.1 (2013-04-16)<a class="headerlink" href="#id34" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fix messed up linking of README in sdist (#39).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id35">
<h3>0.12 (2013-04-15)<a class="headerlink" href="#id35" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Fix broken installation of extension modules (#35).</li>
<li>Log CPL errors at their matching Python log levels.</li>
<li>Use upper case for encoding names within OGR, lower case in Python.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id36">
<h3>0.11 (2013-04-14)<a class="headerlink" href="#id36" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Cythonize .pyx files (#34).</li>
<li>Work with or around OGR’s internal recoding of record data (#35).</li>
<li>Fix bug in serialization of int/float PROJ.4 params.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id37">
<h3>0.10 (2013-03-23)<a class="headerlink" href="#id37" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add function to get the width of str type properties.</li>
<li>Handle validation and schema representation of 3D geometry types (#29).</li>
<li>Return {‘geometry’: None} in the case of a NULL geometry (#31).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id38">
<h3>0.9.1 (2013-03-07)<a class="headerlink" href="#id38" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Silence the logger in ogrext.so (can be overridden).</li>
<li>Allow user specification of record field encoding (like ‘Windows-1252’ for
Natural Earth shapefiles) to help when OGR can’t detect it.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id39">
<h3>0.9 (2013-03-06)<a class="headerlink" href="#id39" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Accessing file metadata (crs, schema, bounds) on never inspected closed files
returns None without exceptions.</li>
<li>Add a dict of supported_drivers and their supported modes.</li>
<li>Raise ValueError for unsupported drivers and modes.</li>
<li>Remove asserts from ogrext.pyx.</li>
<li>Add validate_record method to collections.</li>
<li>Add helpful coordinate system functions to fiona.crs.</li>
<li>Promote use of fiona.open over fiona.collection.</li>
<li>Handle Shapefile’s mix of LineString/Polygon and multis (#18).</li>
<li>Allow users to specify width of shapefile text fields (#20).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id40">
<h3>0.8 (2012-02-21)<a class="headerlink" href="#id40" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Replaced .opened attribute with .closed (product of collection() is always
opened). Also a __del__() which will close a Collection, but still not to be
depended upon.</li>
<li>Added writerecords method.</li>
<li>Added a record buffer and better counting of records in a collection.</li>
<li>Manage one iterator per collection/session.</li>
<li>Added a read-only bounds property.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id41">
<h3>0.7 (2012-01-29)<a class="headerlink" href="#id41" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Initial timezone-naive support for date, time, and datetime fields. Don’t use
these field types if you can avoid them. RFC 3339 datetimes in a string field
are much better.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id42">
<h3>0.6.2 (2012-01-10)<a class="headerlink" href="#id42" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Diagnose and set the driver property of collection in read mode.</li>
<li>Fail if collection paths are not to files. Multi-collection workspaces are
a (maybe) TODO.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id43">
<h3>0.6.1 (2012-01-06)<a class="headerlink" href="#id43" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Handle the case of undefined crs for disk collections.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id44">
<h3>0.6 (2012-01-05)<a class="headerlink" href="#id44" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Support for collection coordinate reference systems based on Proj4.</li>
<li>Redirect OGR warnings and errors to the Fiona log.</li>
<li>Assert that pointers returned from the ograpi functions are not NULL before
using.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id45">
<h3>0.5 (2011-12-19)<a class="headerlink" href="#id45" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Support for reading and writing collections of any geometry type.</li>
<li>Feature and Geometry classes replaced by mappings (dicts).</li>
<li>Removal of Workspace class.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id46">
<h3>0.2 (2011-09-16)<a class="headerlink" href="#id46" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Rename WorldMill to Fiona.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id47">
<h3>0.1.1 (2008-12-04)<a class="headerlink" href="#id47" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Support for features with no geometry.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="credits">
<h2>Credits<a class="headerlink" href="#credits" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Fiona is written by:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Sean Gillies <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:sean.gillies%40gmail.com">sean<span>.</span>gillies<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Kevin Wurster <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:wursterk%40gmail.com">wursterk<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>René Buffat <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:buffat%40gmail.com">buffat<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Kelsey Jordahl <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:kjordahl%40enthought.com">kjordahl<span>@</span>enthought<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Patrick Young <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:patrick.young%40digitalglobe.com">patrick<span>.</span>young<span>@</span>digitalglobe<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Hannes Gräuler <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:graeuler%40geoplex.de">graeuler<span>@</span>geoplex<span>.</span>de</a>></li>
<li>Johan Van de Wauw <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:johan.vandewauw%40gmail.com">johan<span>.</span>vandewauw<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Jacob Wasserman <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:jwasserman%40gmail.com">jwasserman<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Joshua Arnott <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:josh%40snorfalorpagus.net">josh<span>@</span>snorfalorpagus<span>.</span>net</a>></li>
<li>Ryan Grout <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:rgrout%40continuum.io">rgrout<span>@</span>continuum<span>.</span>io</a>></li>
<li>Michael Weisman <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:mweisman%40gmail.com">mweisman<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Brendan Ward <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:bcward%40consbio.org">bcward<span>@</span>consbio<span>.</span>org</a>></li>
<li>Michele Citterio <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:michele%40citterio.net">michele<span>@</span>citterio<span>.</span>net</a>></li>
<li>Miro Hrončok <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:miro%40hroncok.cz">miro<span>@</span>hroncok<span>.</span>cz</a>></li>
<li>fredj <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:frederic.junod%40camptocamp.com">frederic<span>.</span>junod<span>@</span>camptocamp<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>wilsaj <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:wilson.andrew.j+github%40gmail.com">wilson<span>.</span>andrew<span>.</span>j+github<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Brandon Liu <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:bdon%40bdon.org">bdon<span>@</span>bdon<span>.</span>org</a>></li>
<li>Hannes Gräuler <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:hgraeule%40uos.de">hgraeule<span>@</span>uos<span>.</span>de</a>></li>
<li>Ludovic Delauné <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:ludotux%40gmail.com">ludotux<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Martijn Visser <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:mgvisser%40gmail.com">mgvisser<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Oliver Tonnhofer <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:olt%40bogosoft.com">olt<span>@</span>bogosoft<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Stefano Costa <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:steko%40iosa.it">steko<span>@</span>iosa<span>.</span>it</a>></li>
<li>dimlev <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:dimlev%40gmail.com">dimlev<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
<li>Ariel Nunez <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:ingenieroariel%40gmail.com">ingenieroariel<span>@</span>gmail<span>.</span>com</a>></li>
</ul>
<p>Fiona would not be possible without the great work of Frank Warmerdam and other
GDAL/OGR developers.</p>
<p>Some portions of this work were supported by a grant (for <a class="reference external" href="http://pleiades.stoa.org">Pleiades</a>) from the
U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities (<a class="reference external" href="http://www.neh.gov">http://www.neh.gov</a>).</p>
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