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/sbin/installkernel is in debianutils 4.7.

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The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

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#!/bin/sh
# 
# Copyright (C) 1995 - 1998, Ian A. Murdock <imurdock@debian.org>
# Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, Guy Maor
# Copyright (C) 2002, Matthew Wilcox
# Copyright (C) 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009  Clint Adams
# Copyright (C) 2009  Manoj Srivasta
#
# Install the kernel on a Debian Linux system.
#
# This script is called from /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/install.sh.
# If you install it as /sbin/installkernel, you can do a "make install"
# from a generic kernel source tree, and the image will be installed to
# the proper place for Debian GNU/Linux.

set -e

# Parse the command line options.  Of course, powerpc has to be all
# different, and passes in a fifth argument, just because it is
# "special". We ignore the fifth argument, and do not flag is as an
# error, which it would be for any arch apart from powerpc
if [ $# -eq 3 ] || [ $# -eq 4 ] || [ $# -eq 5 ] ; then
  img="$2"
  map="$3"
  ver="$1"
  if [ $# -ge 4 ] && [ -n "$4" ] ; then
      dir="$4"
  else
      dir="/boot"
  fi
else
  echo "Usage: installkernel <version> <image> <System.map> <directory>"
  exit 1
fi

# Create backups of older versions before installing
updatever () {
  if [ -f "$dir/$1-$ver" ] ; then
    mv "$dir/$1-$ver" "$dir/$1-$ver.old"
  fi

  cat "$2" > "$dir/$1-$ver"

  # This section is for backwards compatibility only
  if test -f "$dir/$1" ; then
    # The presence of "$dir/$1" is unusual in modern intallations, and
    # the results are mostly unused.  So only recreate them if they
    # already existed.
    if test -L "$dir/$1" ; then
        # If we were using links, continue to use links, updating if
        # we need to.
        if [ "$(readlink -f ${dir}/${1})" = "${dir}/${1}-${ver}" ]; then
            # Yup, we need to change
            ln -sf "$1-$ver.old" "$dir/$1.old"
        else
            mv "$dir/$1" "$dir/$1.old"
        fi
        ln -sf "$1-$ver" "$dir/$1"
    else                        # No links
        mv "$dir/$1" "$dir/$1.old"
        cat "$2" > "$dir/$1"
    fi
  fi
}

if [ "$(basename $img)" = "vmlinux" ] ; then
  img_dest=vmlinux
else
  img_dest=vmlinuz
fi
updatever $img_dest "$img"
updatever System.map "$map"

config=$(dirname "$map")
config="${config}/.config"
if [ -f "$config" ] ; then
  updatever config "$config"
fi

# If installing in the usual directory, run the same scripts that hook
# into kernel package installation.  Also make sure the PATH includes
# /usr/sbin and /sbin, just as dpkg would.
if [ "$dir" = "/boot" ]; then
  PATH="$PATH:/usr/sbin:/sbin" \
    run-parts --verbose --exit-on-error --arg="$ver" --arg="$dir/$img_dest-$ver" \
    /etc/kernel/postinst.d
fi
 
exit 0