/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/ is in libosgearth-dev 2.4.0+dfsg-6.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o755.
..
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/AnnotationData
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/AnnotationEditing
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/AnnotationNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/AnnotationRegistry
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/AnnotationSettings
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/AnnotationUtils
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/CircleNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/Common
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/Decluttering
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/Decoration
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/EllipseNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/Export
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/FeatureEditing
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/FeatureNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/HighlightDecoration
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/ImageOverlay
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/ImageOverlayEditor
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/LabelNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/LocalGeometryNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/LocalizedNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/ModelNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/OrthoNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/PlaceNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/RectangleNode
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/ScaleDecoration
/usr/include/osgEarthAnnotation/TrackNode