This file is indexed.

/usr/share/GNUstep/Documentation/GDL2Intro_3.html is in gnustep-dl2 0.12.0-10.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/loose.dtd">
<html>
<!-- C2006 Free Software Foundation

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
 -->
<!-- Created on May 20, 2013 by texi2html 1.82
texi2html was written by: 
            Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
            Karl Berry  <karl@freefriends.org>
            Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>
            and many others.
Maintained by: Many creative people.
Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html-bug@nongnu.org>
-->
<head>
<title>GNUstep Database Library Introduction 0.1: 3. Key Value Coding</title>

<meta name="description" content="GNUstep Database Library Introduction 0.1: 3. Key Value Coding">
<meta name="keywords" content="GNUstep Database Library Introduction 0.1: 3. Key Value Coding">
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
<meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.82">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
pre.display {font-family: serif}
pre.format {font-family: serif}
pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
pre.smalldisplay {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller}
pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
pre.smallformat {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller}
pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal;}
span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal;}
ul.toc {list-style: none}
-->
</style>


</head>

<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">

<a name="Key-Value-Coding"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_2.html#Concepts" title="Previous section in reading order"> &lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Setting-values-through-KVC" title="Next section in reading order"> &gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_2.html#Concepts" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="Key-Value-Coding-1"></a>
<h1 class="chapter">3. Key Value Coding</h1>
<a name="index-KVC_002c-Key-Value-Coding"></a>
<p>Key Value Coding is a concept used widely throughout GDL2,
it provides a mechanism by where you can access and modify an objects 
set/accessor methods or even instance variables directly, through a named key.
</p>
<p>Additionally some classes may implement KVC in a way specific to the class.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Setting-values-through-KVC"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Previous section in reading order"> &lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Accessing-values-through-KVC" title="Next section in reading order"> &gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<h2 class="section">3.1 Setting values through KVC</h2>
<p>Setting values through key value coding will try to call a method
&rsquo;-setKeyName:&rsquo; with the value as the parameter to -setKeyName:
as a parameter failing that, if anObject had an instance variable
with the same name as the key that would be modified directly.
</p>
<p>If anObject does not respond to &lsquo;-setKeyName:&lsquo; and there is no 
instance variable with the same name as the key, an exception is thrown.
</p>

<table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="verbatim">[anObject setValue:@&quot;bar&quot; forKey:@&quot;foo&quot;];
</pre></td></tr></table>

<p>Will first try to call -setFoo: then attempt to set the instance variable
named &quot;foo&quot; to &quot;bar&quot;.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Accessing-values-through-KVC"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Setting-values-through-KVC" title="Previous section in reading order"> &lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Paths" title="Next section in reading order"> &gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<h2 class="section">3.2 Accessing values through KVC</h2>

<p>Accessing values through Key Value Coding first attempts to 
call the -keyName method on anObject if it responds.
If the object does not respond then it will try to access an instance
variable with the name of the key. 
</p>
<p>If there is no method or instance variable with the name of the key an
exception will be thrown.
</p>
<p>For example,
</p><table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="verbatim">[anObject valueForKey:@&quot;foo&quot;];
</pre></td></tr></table>

<p>Will first try to call -foo, then attempt to return instance variable named foo.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Key-Paths"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Accessing-values-through-KVC" title="Previous section in reading order"> &lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Type-promotion" title="Next section in reading order"> &gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<h2 class="section">3.3 Key Paths</h2>
<p>Key paths are a list of keys separated by a dot.
</p>
<p>The first key accesses the key on the target object through normal KVC,
and each subsequent key is sent to the object returned through the previous
key in the list.
</p>
<p>For example,
</p><table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="verbatim">[anObject valueForKeyPath:@&quot;foo.bar&quot;];
</pre></td></tr></table>

<p>Will be equivalent to
</p><table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="verbatim">[[anObject valueForKey:@&quot;foo&quot;] valueForKey:@&quot;bar&quot;];
</pre></td></tr></table>

<hr size="6">
<a name="Type-promotion"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Paths" title="Previous section in reading order"> &lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Class-specific-implementation" title="Next section in reading order"> &gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<h2 class="section">3.4 Type promotion</h2>
<p>When a accessing a key, you may access keys for things such as standard c numerical
types, and they will be automatically promoted to their object equivalent
</p>
<p>For example:
</p><table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="verbatim">[@&quot;foo&quot; valueForKey:@&quot;length&quot;];
</pre></td></tr></table>
<p>Returns a NSNumber object containing &rsquo;3&rsquo;.
</p>

<hr size="6">
<a name="Class-specific-implementation"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Type-promotion" title="Previous section in reading order"> &lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next section in reading order"> &gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<h2 class="section">3.5 Class specific implementation</h2>
<p>By implementing valueForKey: and setValueForKey: classes can implement
functionality to contain keys in an instance variable such as a dictionary,
but they can also implement something to work on a collection of objects.
</p>
<p>For instance NSArray implements KVC to forward key value coding to all objects
in the array.
</p>
<p>Suppose we have an array contain a few string objects.
</p><table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="example">(&quot;Example&quot;, &quot;array&quot;, &quot;containing&quot;, &quot;strings&quot;)
</pre></td></tr></table>

<p>If we get the value for the key length, it will return an NSArray of NSNumbers
</p><table><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><pre class="example">(7, 5, 10, 7).
</pre></td></tr></table>

<hr size="6">
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Key-Value-Coding" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> &lt;&lt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_4.html#Classes" title="Next chapter"> &gt;&gt; </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> &nbsp; </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_11.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="GDL2Intro_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<p>
 <font size="-1">
  This document was generated by <em>root</em> on <em>May 20, 2013</em> using <a href="http://www.nongnu.org/texi2html/"><em>texi2html 1.82</em></a>.
 </font>
 <br>

</p>
</body>
</html>