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<h3><a name="toc">Contents</a></h3>
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<li class="level1"><a href="#the-rectangle-type">The Rectangle Type</a></li>
<li class="level1"><a href="#the-image-type">The Image Type</a></li>
<li class="level1"><a href="#shared-visual-properties">Shared Visual Properties</a></li>
<li class="level2"><a href="#opacity-and-visibility">Opacity and Visibility</a></li>
<li class="level2"><a href="#transforms">Transforms</a></li>
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<h1 class="title">Use Case - Visual Elements In QML</h1>
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<a name="the-rectangle-type"></a>
<h2>The Rectangle Type</h2>
<p>For the most basic of visuals, <a href="../qtquick/qtquick-index.html">Qt Quick</a> provides a <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a> type to draw rectangles. These rectangles can be colored with a color or a vertical gradient. The <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a> type can also draw borders on the rectangle.</p>
<p>For drawing custom shapes beyond rectangles, see the <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-canvas.html">Canvas</a> type or display a pre-rendered image using the <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a> type.</p>
<pre class="qml">import QtQuick 2.0
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html">Item</a></span> {
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">320</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">480</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"#272822"</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">320</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">480</span>
}
<span class="comment">// This element displays a rectangle with a gradient and a border</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">160</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">radius</span>: <span class="number">8</span> <span class="comment">// This gives rounded corners to the Rectangle</span>
<span class="name">gradient</span>: <span class="name">Gradient</span> { <span class="comment">// This sets a vertical gradient fill</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-gradientstop.html">GradientStop</a></span> { <span class="name">position</span>: <span class="number">0.0</span>; <span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"aqua"</span> }
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-gradientstop.html">GradientStop</a></span> { <span class="name">position</span>: <span class="number">1.0</span>; <span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"teal"</span> }
}
<span class="type">border</span> { <span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">3</span>; <span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"white"</span> } <span class="comment">// This sets a 3px wide black border to be drawn</span>
}
<span class="comment">// This rectangle is a plain color with no border</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">40</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"red"</span>
}
}</pre>
<p class="centerAlign"><img src="images/qml-uses-visual-rectangles.png" alt="" /></p><a name="the-image-type"></a>
<h2>The Image Type</h2>
<p><a href="../qtquick/qtquick-index.html">Qt Quick</a> provides an <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a> type which may be used to display images. The <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a> type has a source property whose value can be a remote or local URL, or the URL of an image file embedded in a compiled resource file.</p>
<pre class="qml"><span class="comment">// This element displays an image. Because the source is online, it may take some time to fetch</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> {
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">40</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">61</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">73</span>
<span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"http://codereview.qt-project.org/static/logo_qt.png"</span>
}</pre>
<p>For more complex images there are other types similar to <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a>. <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-borderimage.html">BorderImage</a> draws an image with grid scaling, suitable for images used as borders. <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-animatedimage.html">AnimatedImage</a> plays animated .gif and .mng images. <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-animatedsprite.html">AnimatedSprite</a> and <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-spritesequence.html">SpriteSequence</a> play animations comprised of multiple frames stored adjacently in a non animated image format.</p>
<p>For displaying video files and camera data, see the <a href="../qtmultimedia/qtmultimedia-index.html">Qt Multimedia</a> module.</p>
<a name="shared-visual-properties"></a>
<h2>Shared Visual Properties</h2>
<p>All visual items provided by <a href="../qtquick/qtquick-index.html">Qt Quick</a> are based on the Item type, which provides a common set of attributes for visual items, including opacity and transform attributes.</p>
<a name="opacity-and-visibility"></a>
<h3>Opacity and Visibility</h3>
<p>The QML object types provided by Qt Quick have built-in support for <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html#opacity-prop">opacity</a>. Opacity can be animated to allow smooth transitions to or from a transparent state. Visibility can also be managed with the <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html#visible-prop">visible</a> property more efficiently, but at the cost of not being able to animate it.</p>
<pre class="qml">import QtQuick 2.0
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html">Item</a></span> {
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">320</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">480</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"#272822"</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">320</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">480</span>
}
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html">Item</a></span> {
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">270</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">200</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">200</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-mousearea.html">MouseArea</a></span> {
<span class="name">anchors</span>.fill: <span class="name">parent</span>
<span class="name">onClicked</span>: <span class="name">topRect</span>.<span class="name">visible</span> <span class="operator">=</span> !<span class="name">topRect</span>.<span class="name">visible</span>
}
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"red"</span>
}
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">topRect</span>
<span class="name">opacity</span>: <span class="number">0.5</span>
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"blue"</span>
}
}
}</pre>
<p class="centerAlign"><img src="images/qml-uses-visual-opacity.png" alt="" /></p><a name="transforms"></a>
<h3>Transforms</h3>
<p>Qt Quick types have built-in support for transformations. If you wish to have your visual content rotated or scaled, you can set the <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html#rotation-prop">Item::rotation</a> or <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html#scale-prop">Item::scale</a> property. These can also be animated.</p>
<pre class="qml">import QtQuick 2.0
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html">Item</a></span> {
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">320</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">480</span>
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"#272822"</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">320</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">480</span>
}
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">rotation</span>: <span class="number">45</span> <span class="comment">// This rotates the Rectangle by 45 degrees</span>
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">20</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">160</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"blue"</span>
}
<span class="type"><a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> {
<span class="name">scale</span>: <span class="number">0.8</span> <span class="comment">// This scales the Rectangle down to 80% size</span>
<span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">160</span>
<span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">160</span>
<span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">100</span>
<span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"green"</span>
}
}</pre>
<p class="centerAlign"><img src="images/qml-uses-visual-transforms.png" alt="" /></p><p>For more complex transformations, see the <a href="../qtquick/qml-qtquick-item.html#transform-prop">Item::transform</a> property.</p>
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