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<!-- CreationDate: Tue Nov 5 09:45:51 2013 -->
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<title>ORIGINATOR</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff">
<h1 align=center>ORIGINATOR</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
<a href="#COORDINATES">COORDINATES</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<a href="#REFERENCES">REFERENCES</a><br>
<hr>
<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">originator
− Associate seamounts with hotspot point sources</p>
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>originator</b>
[<i>infile(s)</i>] <b>−E</b><i>stage_file</i>
<b>−F</b><i>hs_file</i> [ <b>−C</b> ] [
<b>−D</b><i>d_km</i> ] [
<b>−H</b>[<b>i</b>][<i>nrec</i>] ] [
<b>−L</b>[<i>flag</i>] ] [
<b>−N</b><i>upper_age</i> ] [
<b>−Q</b><i>r/t</i> ] [ <b>−S</b>[<i>n_hs</i>] ]
[ <b>−T</b> ] [ <b>−V</b> ]
<b>−W</b><i>maxdist</i> ] [ <b>−Z</b> ] [
<b>−:</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>] ] [
<b>−bi</b>[<b>s</b>|<b>S</b>|<b>d</b>|<b>D</b>[<i>ncol</i>]|<b>c</b>[<i>var1</i><b>/</b><i>...</i>]]
]</p>
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>originator</b>
reads (longitude, latitude, height, radius, crustal_age)
records from <i>infiles</i> [or standard input] and uses the
given Absolute Plate Motion (APM) stage poles and the list
of hotspot locations to determine the most likely origin
(hotspot) for each seamount. It does so by calculating
flowlines back in time and determining the closest approach
to all hotspots. The output consists of the input records
with four additional fields added for each of the
<i>n_hs</i> closest hotspots. The four fields are the
hotspot id (e.g., HWI), the stage id of the flowline segment
that came closest, the pseudo-age of the seamount, and the
closest distance to the hotspot (in km). See option
<b>−:</b> on how to read (latitude, longitude,height,
radius, crustal_age) files.</p>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="85%">
<p valign="top">No space between the option flag and the
associated arguments. Use upper case for the option flags
and lower case for modifiers.</p></td>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><i>infile(s)</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Seamount data file(s) to be
analyzed. If not given, standard input is read.</p>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−E</b></p> </td>
<td width="4%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Give file with
rotation parameters. This file must contain one record for
each rotation; each record must be of the following
format:</p> </td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%"></td>
<td width="4%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<p valign="top"><i>lon lat tstart [tstop] angle</i> [
<i>khat a b c d e f g df</i> ]</p></td>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">where
<i>tstart</i> and <i>tstop</i> are in Myr and <i>lon lat
angle</i> are in degrees. <i>tstart</i> and <i>tstop</i> are
the ages of the old and young ends of a stage. If
<b>−C</b> is set then a total reconstruction rotation
is expected and <i>tstop</i> is implicitly set to 0 and
should not be specified in the file. If a covariance matrix
<b>C</b> for the rotation is available it must be specified
in a format using the nine optional terms listed in
brackets. Here, <b>C</b> = (<i>g</i>/<i>khat</i>)*[ <i>a b
d; b c e; d e f</i> ] which shows <b>C</b> made up of three
row vectors. If the degrees of freedom (<i>df</i>) in
fitting the rotation is 0 or not given it is set to 10000.
Blank lines and records whose first column contains # will
be ignored.</p>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−F</b></p> </td>
<td width="4%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Give file with
hotspot locations. This file must contain one record for
each hotspot to be considered; each record must be of the
following format:</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%"></td>
<td width="4%"></td>
<td width="82%">
<p valign="top">lon lat hs_abbrev hs_id r t_off t_on create
fit plot name</p></td>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">E.g., for
Hawaii this may look like</p>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="22%"></td>
<td width="-4%"></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">205</p></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">20</p></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">HWI</p></td>
<td width="7%">
<p valign="top">1</p></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">25</p></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">0</p></td>
<td width="7%">
<p valign="top">90</p></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">Y</p></td>
<td width="8%">
<p valign="top">Y</p></td>
<td width="7%">
<p valign="top">Y</p></td>
<td width="5%">
<p valign="top">Hawaii</p></td>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Most
applications only need the first 4 columns which thus
represents the minimal hotspot information record type. The
abbreviation may be maximum 3 characters long. The id must
be an integer from 1-32. The positional uncertainty of the
hotspot is given by r (in km). The t_off and t_on variables
are used to indicate the active time-span of the hotspot.
The create, fit, and plot indicators are either Y or N and
are used by some programs to indicate if the hotspot is
included in the ID-grids used to determine rotations, if the
hotspot chain will be used to determine rotations, and if
the hotspot should be included in various plots. The name is
a 32-character maximum text string with the full hotspot
name. Blank lines and records whose first column contains #
will be ignored.</p>
<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−C</b></p> </td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Expect Total
Reconstruction Rotations rather than Forward Stage Rotations
[Default]. File format is similar to the stage pole format
except that the <i>tstart</i> column is not present (assumed
to be 0 Ma).</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−D</b></p> </td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Sets the flowline
sampling interval in km. [Default is 5].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−H</b></p> </td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Input file(s) has
header record(s). If used, the default number of header
records is <b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#N_HEADER_RECS">N_HEADER_RECS</A></b>. Use <b>−Hi</b> if
only input data should have header records [Default will
write out header records if the input data have them]. Blank
lines and lines starting with # are always skipped.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−L</b></p> </td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Output closest
approach for nearest hotspot only (ignores <b>−S</b>).
Choose <b>−Lt</b> for (<i>time, dist, z</i>)
[Default], <b>−Lw</b> for (<i>omega, dist, z</i>), and
<b>−Ll</b> for (lon, lat, time, dist, z). Normally,
<i>dist</i> is in km; use upper case modifiers <b>TWL</b> to
get <i>dist</i> in spherical degrees.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−N</b></p> </td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Set the maximum age
to extend the oldest stage back in time [no extension].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−Q</b></p> </td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
</td>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Input files only has
(<i>x,y,z</i>); specify constant values for <i>r,t</i>
that</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">will be implied for each
record.</p>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−S</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Set the number of
closest hotspots to report [Default is 1].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−T</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Truncate seamount
ages exceeding the upper age set with <b>−N</b> [no
truncation].</p> </td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−V</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Selects verbose
mode, which will send progress reports to stderr [Default
runs "silently"].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−W</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Only report those
seamounts whose flowlines came within <i>maxdist</i> to any
hotspot [Default reports all seamounts].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−Z</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Use the hotspot ID
number rather than the name tag in output records.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−:</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Toggles between
(longitude,latitude) and (latitude,longitude) input and/or
output. [Default is (longitude,latitude)]. Append <b>i</b>
to select input only or <b>o</b> to select output only.
[Default affects both].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−bi</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Selects binary
input. Append <b>s</b> for single precision [Default is
<b>d</b> (double)]. Uppercase <b>S</b> or <b>D</b> will
force byte-swapping. Optionally, append <i>ncol</i>, the
number of columns in your binary input file if it exceeds
the columns needed by the program. Or append <b>c</b> if the
input file is netCDF. Optionally, append
<i>var1</i><b>/</b><i>var2</i><b>/</b><i>...</i> to specify
the variables to be read. [Default is 5 input columns].</p></td>
</table>
<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">To find the
likely (hotspot) origins of the seamounts represented by the
(x,y,z,r,tc) points in the file seamounts.d, using the
DC85.d Euler poles and the pac_hs.d list of possible
hotspots, and report the 2 most likely hotspot candidates
for each seamount, run</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>originator</b>
seamounts.d <b>−S</b> 2 <b>−E</b> DC85.d
<b>−F</b> pac_hs.d > origins.d</p>
<a name="COORDINATES"></a>
<h2>COORDINATES</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Data
coordinates are assumed to be geodetic and will
automatically be converted to geocentric before spherical
rotations are performed. We convert back to geodetic
coordinates for output. Note: If your data already are
geocentric, you can avoid the conversion by using
--ELLIPSOID=sphere.</p>
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i><A HREF="GMT.html">GMT</A></i>(1),
<i><A HREF="project.html">project</A></i>(1), <i><A HREF="grdrotater.html">grdrotater</A></i>(1),
<i><A HREF="grdspotter.html">grdspotter</A></i>(1), <i><A HREF="mapproject.html">mapproject</A></i>(1),
<i><A HREF="backtracker.html">backtracker</A></i>(1), <i><A HREF="hotspotter.html">hotspotter</A></i>(1)</p>
<a name="REFERENCES"></a>
<h2>REFERENCES</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Wessel, P.,
1999, "Hotspotting" tools released, EOS Trans.
AGU, 80 (29), p. 319.</p>
<hr>
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