This file is indexed.

/usr/share/doc/libfcgi0ldbl/fcgi-tcl.htm is in libfcgi0ldbl 2.4.0-8.1ubuntu5.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
   <HEAD>
      <TITLE>
         Integrating FastCGI with Tcl
      </TITLE>
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
 body {
  background-color: #FFFFFF;
  color: #000000;
 }
 :link { color: #cc0000 }
 :visited { color: #555555 }
 :active { color: #000011 }
 h5.c3 {text-align: center}
 p.c2 {text-align: center}
 div.c1 {text-align: center}
</STYLE>
   </HEAD>
   <BODY>
      <DIV CLASS="c1">
         <A HREF="http://fastcgi.com"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="../images/fcgi-hd.gif" ALT="[[FastCGI]]"></A>
      </DIV>
      <BR CLEAR="all">
      <DIV CLASS="c1">
         <H3>
            Integrating FastCGI with Tcl
         </H3>
      </DIV>
      <!--Copyright (c) 1996 Open Market, Inc.                                    -->
      <!--See the file "LICENSE.TERMS" for information on usage and redistribution-->
      <!--of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.                   -->
      <P CLASS="c2">
         Michael S. Shanzer<BR>
         Open Market, Inc.<BR>
         <EM>19 January 1995</EM>
      </P>
      <H5 CLASS="c3">
         Copyright &copy; 1996 Open Market, Inc. 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 U.S.A.<BR>
         Tel: 617-621-9500 Fax: 617-621-1703 URL: <A HREF=
         "http://www.openmarket.com/">http://www.openmarket.com/</A><BR>
         $Id: fcgi-tcl.htm,v 1.4 2002/02/25 00:42:59 robs Exp $<BR>
      </H5>
      <HR>
      <H3>
         <A NAME="S1">1. Introduction</A>
      </H3>
      <P>
         Tcl (tool command language) is an embeddable scripting language that&#39;s often used for CGI programming. Tcl
         is freely available as a source kit.
      </P>
      <P>
         We&#39;ve built a Tcl interpreter that runs as a FastCGI application. Our purpose in doing so was twofold:
      </P>
      <UL>
         <LI>
            <I>Create a useful artifact.</I> Open Market has written many CGI applications using Tcl. Now we&#39;d like
            to turn them into FastCGI applications.
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <I>Demonstrate how easy it is to integrate FastCGI with an existing program.</I> The Tcl interpreter is a
            substantial program, so integrating FastCGI with the Tcl interpreter is a good test of the
            <TT>fcgi_stdio</TT> compatability library.
         </LI>
      </UL>
      <P>
         We&#39;ve succeeded on both counts. We now have a platform for migrating our Tcl-based CGI applications to
         FastCGI. And the integration required a very small effort. The only source code change to the Tcl interpreter
         was the routine addition of a handful of new commands: <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT>, <TT>FCGI_Finish</TT>,
         <TT>FCGI_SetExitStatus</TT>, and <TT>FCGI_StartFilterData</TT>.
      </P>
      <P>
         The FastCGI-integrated Tcl interpreter works as usual when run from a shell or as a CGI program. You don&#39;t
         need two Tcls, one for FastCGI and one for other uses.
      </P>
      <P>
         The remainder of this document gives a recipe you can follow to build FastCGI into Tcl, explains what&#39;s
         happening in the recipe, and illustrates the use of FastCGI Tcl with an example program.
      </P>
      <P>
      </P>
      <H3>
         <A NAME="S2">2. Recipe</A>
      </H3>
      <P>
         Here are the assumptions embedded in the following recipe:
      </P>
      <UL>
         <LI>
            You are building Tcl 7.4p3, the current stable Tcl release as this is written. You unpack the Tcl kit into
            a directory <TT>tcl7.4</TT> that&#39;s a sibling of the FastCGI kit directory <TT>fcgi-devel-kit</TT>.
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            You have gcc version 2.7 installed on your system, and use it in the build. gcc is convenient because it
            supports the <TT>-include</TT> command-line option that instructs the C preprocessor to include a specific
            file before processing any other include files. This allows you to include <TT>fcgi_stdio.h</TT> without
            modifying Tcl source files. (The reason for specifying gcc version 2.7 is that I have experienced bad
            behavior with an earlier version and the <TT>-include</TT> flag -- the C preprocessor died with SIGABRT.)
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            You have GNU autoconf installed on your system. If you don&#39;t have GNU autoconf, you will have to make
            certain edits by hand and repeat these edits for each build platform.<BR>
            <BR>
         </LI>
      </UL>
      <P>
         If those are valid assumptions, follow these steps:
      </P>
      <OL>
         <LI>
            <I>Build the FastCGI Developer&#39;s Kit.</I> Tcl needs to link against <TT>libfcgi.a</TT>, so <A HREF=
            "fcgi-devel-kit.htm#S2">build the FastCGI Developer&#39;s Kit</A> in order to create this library for your
            platform.
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <I>Pull the Tcl 7.4p3 kit.</I> You&#39;ll need the files <A HREF=
            "ftp://ftp.smli.com/pub/tcl/tcl7.4.tar.Z">tcl7.4.tar.Z</A>, <A HREF=
            "ftp://ftp.smli.com/pub/tcl/tcl7.4p1.patch.gz">tcl7.4p1.patch.gz</A>, <A HREF=
            "ftp://ftp.smli.com/pub/tcl/tcl7.4p2.patch.gz">tcl7.4p2.patch.gz</A>, and <A HREF=
            "ftp://ftp.smli.com/pub/tcl/tcl7.4p3.patch.gz">tcl7.4p3.patch.gz</A>. (Some older Netscape browsers
            can&#39;t perform these retrievals because of a protocol conflict between Netscape and Sun&#39;s firewall.)
            <P>
               Unpack the tar file in the parent directory of the FastCGI kit directory you used in the previous step,
               so that the directories <TT>tcl7.4</TT> and <TT>fcgi-devel-kit</TT> are siblings. After unpacking the
               tar file, follow the directions in the <TT>README</TT> to apply the patches.
            </P>
            <P>
               The <A HREF="http://www.sunlabs.com:80/research/tcl/">Sun Labs Tcl/Tk Project Page</A> contains a wealth
               of information on Tcl, including up to date information on the latest kits.
            </P>
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <I>Copy the files <TT>tclFCGI.c</TT>, <TT>tclAppInit.c</TT>, <TT>Makefile.in</TT>, and
            <TT>configure.in</TT> from the FastCGI kit.</I> 
<PRE>
    &gt; cd tcl7.4
    &gt; mv tclAppInit.c tclAppInit.c.orig
    &gt; mv Makefile.in.orig Makefile.in.orig.orig
    &gt; mv Makefile.in Makefile.in.orig
    &gt; mv configure.in configure.in.orig
    &gt; cp ../fcgi-devel-kit/tcl/tcl7.4/* .
    &gt; cp ../fcgi-devel-kit/tcl/common/* .
</PRE>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <I>Create a new <TT>configure</TT> script.</I> 
<PRE>
    &gt; autoconf
</PRE>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <I>Configure and build.</I> 
<PRE>
    &gt; ./configure
    &gt; make
</PRE>
            The <TT>make</TT> creates the Tcl interpreter <TT>tclsh</TT> and library archive <TT>libtcl.a</TT> (for
            embedding Tcl in your own C applications). The Tcl <TT>README</TT> file explains how you can experiment
            with <TT>tclsh</TT> without installing it in a standard place.<BR>
            <BR>
         </LI>
      </OL>
      <H3>
         <A NAME="S3">3. Recipe Explained</A>
      </H3>
      <P>
         The recipe alone is fine if you are using Tcl 7.4p3, you have gcc version 2.7, and you have GNU autoconf. In
         case one or more of these assumptions doesn&#39;t hold for you, and to illuminate how little work was involved
         in integrating FastCGI, here&#39;s an explanation of how and why you would modify the files
         <TT>tclAppInit.c</TT>, <TT>Makefile.in</TT>, and <TT>configure.in</TT> from the Tcl kit.
      </P>
      <UL>
         <LI>
            <TT>tclAppInit.c</TT>:
            <P>
            </P>
            <UL>
               <LI>
                  Add the following three lines of code to the function <TT>Tcl_AppInit</TT> after the call to
                  <TT>Tcl_Init</TT> and after the comment about calling init procedures: 
<PRE>
    if (FCGI_Init(interp) == TCL_ERROR) {
        return TCL_ERROR;
    }
</PRE>
                  This registers four Tcl commands (<TT>FCGI_Accept</TT>, <TT>FCGI_Finish</TT>,
                  <TT>FCGI_SetExitStatus</TT>, and <TT>FCGI_StartFilterData</TT>), implemented in <TT>tclFCGI.c</TT>,
                  with the Tcl interpreter.
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
            </UL>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <TT>Makefile.in</TT>:
            <P>
            </P>
            <UL>
               <LI>
                  Add <TT>tclFCGI.o</TT> to the <TT>GENERIC_OBJS</TT> variable, and add <TT>tclFCGI.c</TT> to the
                  <TT>SRCS</TT> variable.
                  <P>
                     This builds the FastCGI Tcl commands and links them into the Tcl interpreter.
                  </P>
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
               <LI>
                  Add <TT>-I../fcgi-devel-kit/include -include ../fcgi-devel-kit/include/fcgi_stdio.h</TT> to the
                  <TT>CFLAGS</TT> variable.
                  <P>
                     This includes <TT>fcgi_stdio.h</TT> when compiling C code for the Tcl interpreter, overriding the
                     normal <TT>stdio</TT> types, variables, and functions.
                  </P>
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
               <LI>
                  Add <TT>../fcgi-devel-kit/libfcgi/libfcgi.a</TT> before the <TT>@LIBS@</TT> part of the <TT>LIBS</TT>
                  variable.
                  <P>
                     This links the implementation of <TT>fcgi_stdio.h</TT> into the Tcl interpreter, for use by the
                     <TT>FCGI_accept</TT> command and any code that uses <TT>stdio</TT> variables or calls
                     <TT>stdio</TT> functions.
                  </P>
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
            </UL>
            <P>
               The last two edits will vary if you use a compiler other than gcc or install the <TT>tcl7.4</TT>
               directory somewhere else in relation to the <TT>fcgi-devel-kit</TT> directory.
            </P>
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
         <LI>
            <TT>configure.in</TT>:
            <P>
            </P>
            <UL>
               <LI>
                  Replace the lines 
<PRE>
AC_C_CROSS
CC=${CC-cc}
</PRE>
                  with the lines 
<PRE>
AC_PROG_CC
AC_C_CROSS
</PRE>
                  This selects gcc in preference to other C compilers.
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
               <LI>
                  Add the following lines just after the <TT>AC_SUBST(CC)</TT> line: 
<PRE>
AC_CHECK_LIB(socket, main, [LIBS=&quot;$LIBS -lsocket&quot;])
AC_CHECK_LIB(nsl, main, [LIBS=&quot;$LIBS -lnsl&quot;])
AC_SUBST(LIBS)
</PRE>
                  This ensures that the socket libraries used by FastCGI are linked into the Tcl interpreter.
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
            </UL>
            If GNU autoconf is not available to you, you&#39;ll leave <TT>configure.in</TT> alone and perform the
            following steps:
            <P>
            </P>
            <UL>
               <LI>
                  Execute 
<PRE>
    &gt; SETENV CC gcc
</PRE>
                  before running <TT>configure</TT>.
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
               <LI>
                  If you are running on a SVR4-derived Unix platform, edit <TT>Makefile</TT> to add <TT>-lsocket
                  -lnsl</TT> to the <TT>LIBS</TT> value after running <TT>configure</TT>.
                  <P>
                  </P>
               </LI>
            </UL>
            If you ever re-run <TT>configure</TT>, you&#39;ll need to repeat these steps.
            <P>
            </P>
         </LI>
      </UL>
      <H3>
         <A NAME="S4">4. Writing FastCGI applications in Tcl</A>
      </H3>
      <P>
         The Tcl program <TT>tcl/tiny-tcl-fcgi</TT> performs the same function as the C program
         <TT>examples/tiny-fcgi.c</TT> that&#39;s used as an example in the <A HREF="fcgi-devel-kit.htm#S3.1.1">FastCGI
         Developer&#39;s Kit document</A>. Here&#39;s what the Tcl version looks like:
      </P>
      <P>
      </P>
<PRE>
#!./tclsh
set count 0 
while {[FCGI_Accept] &gt;= 0 } {
    incr count
    puts -nonewline &quot;Content-type: text/html\r\n\r\n&quot;
    puts &quot;&lt;title&gt;FastCGI Hello! (Tcl)&lt;/title&gt;&quot;
    puts &quot;&lt;h1&gt;FastCGI Hello! (Tcl)&lt;/h1&gt;&quot;
    puts &quot;Request number $count running on host &lt;i&gt;$env(SERVER_NAME)&lt;/i&gt;&quot;
}
</PRE>
      <P>
         If you&#39;ve built Tcl according to the recipe and you have a Web server set up to run FastCGI applications,
         load the FastCGI Developer&#39;s Kit Index Page in that server and run this Tcl application now.
      </P>
      <P>
         The script invokes Tcl indirectly via the symbolic link <TT>examples/tclsh</TT>. It does this because HP-UX
         has a limit of 32 characters for the first line of a command-interpreter file such as
         <TT>examples/tiny-tcl-fcgi</TT>. If you run on HP-UX you won&#39;t want to sprinkle symbolic links to
         <TT>tclsh</TT> everywhere, so you should install <TT>tclsh</TT> with a shorter pathname than
         <TT>/usr/local/tcl7.4-fcgi/bin/tclsh7.4</TT>.
      </P>
      <P>
         The Tcl command <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT> treats the initial environment differently than the C function
         <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT>. The first call to the C function <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT> replaces the initial environment
         with the environment of the first request. The first call to the Tcl command <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT> adds the
         variable bindings of the first request to the bindings present in the initial environment. So when the first
         call to <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT> returns, bindings from the initial environment are still there (unless, due to
         naming conflicts, some of them have been overwritten by the first request). The next call to
         <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT> removes the bindings made on the previous call before adding a new set for the request
         just accepted, again preserving the initial environment.
      </P>
      <P>
         The FastCGI-integrated <TT>tclsh</TT> also includes commands <TT>FCGI_Finish</TT>,
         <TT>FCGI_SetExitStatus</TT>, and <TT>FCGI_StartFilterData</TT> that correspond to C functions in
         <TT>fcgi_stdio.h</TT>; see the manpages for full information.
      </P>
      <P>
         Converting a Tcl CGI application to FastCGI is not fundamentally different from converting a C CGI
         application. You separate the portion of the application that performs one-time initialization from the
         portion that performs per-request processing. You put the per-request processing into a loop controlled by
         <TT>FCGI_Accept</TT>.
      </P>
      <P>
      </P>
      <HR>
      <ADDRESS>
         <A HREF="mailto:shanzer@openmarket.com">Mike Shanzer // shanzer@openmarket.com</A>
      </ADDRESS>
   </BODY>
</HTML>