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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<title> Postfix manual - trivial-rewrite(8) </title>
</head> <body> <pre>
TRIVIAL-REWRITE(8)                                          TRIVIAL-REWRITE(8)

<b>NAME</b>
       trivial-rewrite - Postfix address rewriting and resolving daemon

<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
       <b>trivial-rewrite</b> [generic Postfix daemon options]

<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
       The  <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a>  daemon processes three types of client service
       requests:

       <b>rewrite</b> <i>context address</i>
              Rewrite an address to standard form, according  to  the  address
              rewriting context:

              <b>local</b>  Append  the  domain  names  specified  with  <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b> or
                     <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b> to incomplete addresses; do  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#swap_bangpath">swap_bangpath</a></b>  and
                     <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_percent_hack">allow_percent_hack</a></b>  processing  as  described  below, and
                     strip source routed  addresses  (<i>@site,@site:user@domain</i>)
                     to <i>user@domain</i> form.

              <b>remote</b> Append  the domain name specified with <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_re</a>-</b>
                     <b><a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">write_domain</a></b>  to  incomplete  addresses.  Otherwise   the
                     result  is identical to that of the <b>local</b> address rewrit-
                     ing context. This prevents  Postfix  from  appending  the
                     local  domain to spam from poorly written remote clients.

       <b>resolve</b> <i>sender address</i>
              Resolve the address to a (<i>transport</i>, <i>nexthop</i>, <i>recipient</i>,  <i>flags</i>)
              quadruple. The meaning of the results is as follows:

              <i>transport</i>
                     The  delivery agent to use. This is the first field of an
                     entry in the <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file.

              <i>nexthop</i>
                     The host to send to and optional delivery method informa-
                     tion.

              <i>recipient</i>
                     The  envelope recipient address that is passed on to <i>nex-</i>
                     <i>thop</i>.

              <i>flags</i>  The address class, whether the address requires relaying,
                     whether the address has problems, and whether the request
                     failed.

       <b>verify</b> <i>sender address</i>
              Resolve the address for address verification purposes.

<b>SERVER PROCESS MANAGEMENT</b>
       The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> servers run under control by the Postfix  master
       server.   Each  server  can  handle  multiple simultaneous connections.
       When all servers are busy while a client connects, the master creates a
       new  server  process,  provided that the trivial-rewrite server process
       limit is not exceeded.  Each trivial-rewrite  server  terminates  after
       serving  at  least  <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a></b> clients of after <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a></b> seconds of idle
       time.

<b>STANDARDS</b>
       None. The command does not interact with the outside world.

<b>SECURITY</b>
       The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon is not security sensitive.   By  default,
       this  daemon  does  not talk to remote or local users.  It can run at a
       fixed low privilege in a chrooted environment.

<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
       Problems and transactions are logged to <b>syslogd</b>(8).

<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
       On busy mail systems a long time  may  pass  before  a  <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a>  change
       affecting  <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a>  is  picked  up. Use the command "<b>postfix</b>
       <b>reload</b>" to speed up a change.

       The text below provides only a parameter summary. See  <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a>  for
       more details including examples.

<b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#resolve_dequoted_address">resolve_dequoted_address</a> (yes)</b>
              Resolve  a  recipient  address  safely  instead of correctly, by
              looking inside quotes.

       Available with Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#resolve_null_domain">resolve_null_domain</a> (no)</b>
              Resolve an address that ends in the "@" null domain  as  if  the
              local  hostname were specified, instead of rejecting the address
              as invalid.

       Available with Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#resolve_numeric_domain">resolve_numeric_domain</a> (no)</b>
              Resolve  "user@ipaddress"  as  "user@[ipaddress]",  instead   of
              rejecting the address as invalid.

       Available with Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_min_user">allow_min_user</a> (no)</b>
              Allow  a  sender  or  recipient address to have `-' as the first
              character.

<b>ADDRESS REWRITING CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b>
              The domain name that locally-posted mail appears to  come  from,
              and that locally posted mail is delivered to.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_percent_hack">allow_percent_hack</a> (yes)</b>
              Enable the rewriting of the form "user%domain" to "user@domain".

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_at_myorigin">append_at_myorigin</a> (yes)</b>
              With locally submitted mail, append the string  "@$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a>"  to
              mail addresses without domain information.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_dot_mydomain">append_dot_mydomain</a> (yes)</b>
              With  locally  submitted mail, append the string ".$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>" to
              addresses that have no ".domain" information.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> (empty)</b>
              The set of characters that can separate a  user  name  from  its
              extension  (example: user+foo), or a .forward file name from its
              extension (example: .forward+foo).

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#swap_bangpath">swap_bangpath</a> (yes)</b>
              Enable the rewriting of "site!user" into "user@site".

       Available in Postfix 2.2 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_rewrite_domain</a> (empty)</b>
              Don't rewrite message headers from remote clients  at  all  when
              this  parameter is empty; otherwise, rewrite message headers and
              append the specified domain name to incomplete addresses.

<b>ROUTING CONTROLS</b>
       The following is applicable to Postfix version 2.0 and later.   Earlier
       versions  do  not have support for: <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a>,
       <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_alias_domains">virtual_alias_domains</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains</a> or <a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> (<a href="local.8.html">local</a>:$<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b>
              The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for
              final  delivery  to  domains  listed with <a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a>, and for
              [ipaddress]  destinations   that   match   $<a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a>   or
              $<a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a> (virtual)</b>
              The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for
              final delivery to domains listed with  $<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a> (relay)</b>
              The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for
              remote delivery to domains listed with $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> (smtp)</b>
              The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for
              destinations that do not match $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a>,
              $<a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a>,    $<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_alias_domains">virtual_alias_domains</a>,     $<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mail</a>-
              <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">box_domains</a>, or $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              What Postfix features match subdomains of "domain.tld" automati-
              cally, instead of requiring an explicit ".domain.tld" pattern.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> (empty)</b>
              The next-hop destination of non-local mail; overrides  non-local
              domains in recipient addresses.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional  lookup  tables with mappings from recipient address to
              (message delivery transport, next-hop destination).

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              A sender-dependent override for the global  <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a>  parameter
              setting.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_relayhost_maps_lookup_key">empty_address_relayhost_maps_lookup_key</a> (</b>&lt;&gt;<b>)</b>
              The  <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a>  search string that will be
              used instead of the null sender address.

       Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_default_transport_maps_lookup_key">empty_address_default_transport_maps_lookup_key</a> (</b>&lt;&gt;<b>)</b>
              The <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a> search  string  that
              will be used instead of the null sender address.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              A  sender-dependent  override  for  the global <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a>
              parameter setting.

<b>ADDRESS VERIFICATION CONTROLS</b>
       Postfix version 2.1 introduces sender and recipient  address  verifica-
       tion.  This feature is implemented by sending probe email messages that
       are not actually delivered.  By default,  address  verification  probes
       use  the  same  route  as regular mail. To override specific aspects of
       message routing for address verification probes, specify one or more of
       the following:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_local_transport">address_verify_local_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a>)</b>
              Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> parameter setting for address ver-
              ification probes.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_virtual_transport">address_verify_virtual_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a>)</b>
              Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a> parameter  setting  for  address
              verification probes.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_relay_transport">address_verify_relay_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a>)</b>
              Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a> parameter setting for address ver-
              ification probes.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_default_transport">address_verify_default_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a>)</b>
              Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> parameter  setting  for  address
              verification probes.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_relayhost">address_verify_relayhost</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a>)</b>
              Overrides  the <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> parameter setting for address verifica-
              tion probes.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_transport_maps">address_verify_transport_maps</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a>)</b>
              Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a> parameter setting for address veri-
              fication probes.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a>          ($<a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_depen</a>-</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">dent_relayhost_maps</a>)</b>
              Overrides  the <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a> parameter setting
              for address verification probes.

       Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a>  ($<a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_depen</a>-</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">dent_default_transport_maps</a>)</b>
              Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a>  parameter
              setting for address verification probes.

<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The  default  location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
              figuration files.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_timeout">daemon_timeout</a> (18000s)</b>
              How much time a Postfix daemon process  may  take  to  handle  a
              request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient</a> (MAILER-DAEMON)</b>
              The recipient of mail addressed to the null address.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#ipc_timeout">ipc_timeout</a> (3600s)</b>
              The  time  limit  for  sending  or receiving information over an
              internal communication channel.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b>
              The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix  daemon  process
              waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b>
              The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon
              process will service before terminating voluntarily.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relocated_maps">relocated_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional lookup tables with new contact information for users or
              domains that no longer exist.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
              The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
              The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#show_user_unknown_table_name">show_user_unknown_table_name</a> (yes)</b>
              Display the name of the recipient table in  the  "User  unknown"
              responses.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
              The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The  mail  system  name that is prepended to the process name in
              syslog records, so that "smtpd"  becomes,  for  example,  "post-
              fix/smtpd".

       Available in Postfix version 2.0 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#helpful_warnings">helpful_warnings</a> (yes)</b>
              Log  warnings about problematic configuration settings, and pro-
              vide helpful suggestions.

<b>SEE ALSO</b>
       <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
       <a href="transport.5.html">transport(5)</a>, transport table format
       <a href="relocated.5.html">relocated(5)</a>, format of the "user has moved" table
       <a href="master.8.html">master(8)</a>, process manager
       syslogd(8), system logging

<b>README FILES</b>
       <a href="ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html">ADDRESS_CLASS_README</a>, Postfix address classes howto
       <a href="ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README.html">ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README</a>, Postfix address verification

<b>LICENSE</b>
       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

                                                            TRIVIAL-REWRITE(8)
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