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<h1 class="settitle" align="center">GCC libquadmath</h1>






<a name="SEC_Overview"></a>
<h2 class="shortcontents-heading">Short Table of Contents</h2>

<div class="shortcontents">
<ul class="no-bullet">
<li><a name="stoc-Typedef-and-constants-1" href="#toc-Typedef-and-constants-1">1 Typedef and constants</a></li>
<li><a name="stoc-Math-Library-Routines-1" href="#toc-Math-Library-Routines-1">2 Math Library Routines</a></li>
<li><a name="stoc-I_002fO-Library-Routines-1" href="#toc-I_002fO-Library-Routines-1">3 I/O Library Routines</a></li>
<li><a name="stoc-GNU-Free-Documentation-License-1" href="#toc-GNU-Free-Documentation-License-1">GNU Free Documentation License</a></li>
<li><a name="stoc-Reporting-Bugs-1" href="#toc-Reporting-Bugs-1">4 Reporting Bugs</a></li>
</ul>
</div>

<a name="SEC_Contents"></a>
<h2 class="contents-heading">Table of Contents</h2>

<div class="contents">

<ul class="no-bullet">
  <li><a name="toc-Typedef-and-constants-1" href="#Typedef-and-constants">1 Typedef and constants</a></li>
  <li><a name="toc-Math-Library-Routines-1" href="#Math-Library-Routines">2 Math Library Routines</a></li>
  <li><a name="toc-I_002fO-Library-Routines-1" href="#I_002fO-Library-Routines">3 I/O Library Routines</a>
  <ul class="no-bullet">
    <li><a name="toc-strtoflt128-_002d_002d_002d-Convert-from-string" href="#strtoflt128">3.1 <code>strtoflt128</code> &mdash; Convert from string</a></li>
    <li><a name="toc-quadmath_005fsnprintf-_002d_002d_002d-Convert-to-string" href="#quadmath_005fsnprintf">3.2 <code>quadmath_snprintf</code> &mdash; Convert to string</a></li>
  </ul></li>
  <li><a name="toc-GNU-Free-Documentation-License-1" href="#GNU-Free-Documentation-License">GNU Free Documentation License</a>
  <ul class="no-bullet">
    <li><a name="toc-ADDENDUM_003a-How-to-use-this-License-for-your-documents" href="#ADDENDUM_003a-How-to-use-this-License-for-your-documents">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</a></li>
  </ul></li>
  <li><a name="toc-Reporting-Bugs-1" href="#Reporting-Bugs">4 Reporting Bugs</a></li>
</ul>
</div>



<a name="Top"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="#Typedef-and-constants" accesskey="n" rel="next">Typedef and constants</a>, Up: <a href="dir.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">(dir)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="Introduction"></a>
<h1 class="top">Introduction</h1>
<a name="index-Introduction"></a>

<p>This manual documents the usage of libquadmath, the GCC Quad-Precision
Math Library Application Programming Interface (API).
</p>

<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Typedef-and-constants" accesskey="1">Typedef and constants</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Defined data types and constants
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Math-Library-Routines" accesskey="2">Math Library Routines</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">The Libquadmath math runtime application
                               programming interface.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#I_002fO-Library-Routines" accesskey="3">I/O Library Routines</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">The Libquadmath I/O runtime application
                               programming interface.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" accesskey="4">GNU Free Documentation License</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
                               How you can copy and share this manual.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Reporting-Bugs" accesskey="5">Reporting Bugs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">How to report bugs in GCC Libquadmath.
</td></tr>
</table>



<hr>
<a name="Typedef-and-constants"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="#Math-Library-Routines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math Library Routines</a>, Previous: <a href="#Top" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Top</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="Typedef-and-constants-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">1 Typedef and constants</h2>

<p>The following data type has been defined via <code>typedef</code>.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>__complex128</code>: <code>__float128</code>-based complex number</dt>
</dl>

<p>The following macros are defined, which give the numeric limits of the
<code>__float128</code> data type.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>FLT128_MAX</code>: largest finite number</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_MIN</code>: smallest positive number with full precision</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_EPSILON</code>: difference between 1 and the next larger</dt>
<dd><p>representable number
</p></dd>
<dt><code>FLT128_DENORM_MIN</code>: smallest positive denormalized number</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_MANT_DIG</code>: number of digits in the mantissa (bit precision)</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_MIN_EXP</code>: maximal negative exponent</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_MAX_EXP</code>: maximal positive exponent</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_DIG</code>: number of decimal digits in the mantissa</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_MIN_10_EXP</code>: maximal negative decimal exponent</dt>
<dt><code>FLT128_MAX_10_EXP</code>: maximal positive decimal exponent</dt>
</dl>

<p>The following mathematical constants of type <code>__float128</code> are defined.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>M_Eq</code>: the constant e (Euler&rsquo;s number)</dt>
<dt><code>M_LOG2Eq</code>: binary logarithm of 2</dt>
<dt><code>M_LOG10Eq</code>: common, decimal logarithm of 2</dt>
<dt><code>M_LN2q</code>: natural logarithm of 2</dt>
<dt><code>M_LN10q</code>: natural logarithm of 10</dt>
<dt><code>M_PIq</code>: pi</dt>
<dt><code>M_PI_2q</code>: pi divided by two</dt>
<dt><code>M_PI_4q</code>: pi divided by four</dt>
<dt><code>M_1_PIq</code>: one over pi</dt>
<dt><code>M_2_PIq</code>: one over two pi</dt>
<dt><code>M_2_SQRTPIq</code>: two over square root of pi</dt>
<dt><code>M_SQRT2q</code>: square root of 2</dt>
<dt><code>M_SQRT1_2q</code>: one over square root of 2</dt>
</dl>



<hr>
<a name="Math-Library-Routines"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="#I_002fO-Library-Routines" accesskey="n" rel="next">I/O Library Routines</a>, Previous: <a href="#Typedef-and-constants" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Typedef and constants</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="Math-Library-Routines-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">2 Math Library Routines</h2>

<p>The following mathematical functions are available:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>acosq</code>: arc cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>acoshq</code>: inverse hyperbolic cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>asinq</code>: arc sine function</dt>
<dt><code>asinhq</code>: inverse hyperbolic sine function</dt>
<dt><code>atanq</code>: arc tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>atanhq</code>: inverse hyperbolic tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>atan2q</code>: arc tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>cbrtq</code>: cube root function</dt>
<dt><code>ceilq</code>: ceiling value function</dt>
<dt><code>copysignq</code>: copy sign of a number</dt>
<dt><code>coshq</code>: hyperbolic cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>cosq</code>: cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>erfq</code>: error function</dt>
<dt><code>erfcq</code>: complementary error function</dt>
<dt><code>expq</code>: exponential function</dt>
<dt><code>expm1q</code>: exponential minus 1 function</dt>
<dt><code>fabsq</code>: absolute value function</dt>
<dt><code>fdimq</code>: positive difference function</dt>
<dt><code>finiteq</code>: check finiteness of value</dt>
<dt><code>floorq</code>: floor value function</dt>
<dt><code>fmaq</code>: fused multiply and add</dt>
<dt><code>fmaxq</code>: determine maximum of two values</dt>
<dt><code>fminq</code>: determine minimum of two values</dt>
<dt><code>fmodq</code>: remainder value function</dt>
<dt><code>frexpq</code>: extract mantissa and exponent</dt>
<dt><code>hypotq</code>: Eucledian distance function</dt>
<dt><code>ilogbq</code>: get exponent of the value</dt>
<dt><code>isinfq</code>: check for infinity</dt>
<dt><code>isnanq</code>: check for not a number</dt>
<dt><code>j0q</code>: Bessel function of the first kind, first order</dt>
<dt><code>j1q</code>: Bessel function of the first kind, second order</dt>
<dt><code>jnq</code>: Bessel function of the first kind, <var>n</var>-th order</dt>
<dt><code>ldexpq</code>: load exponent of the value</dt>
<dt><code>lgammaq</code>: logarithmic gamma function</dt>
<dt><code>llrintq</code>: round to nearest integer value</dt>
<dt><code>llroundq</code>: round to nearest integer value away from zero</dt>
<dt><code>logq</code>: natural logarithm function</dt>
<dt><code>log10q</code>: base 10 logarithm function</dt>
<dt><code>log1pq</code>: compute natural logarithm of the value plus one</dt>
<dt><code>log2q</code>: base 2 logarithm function</dt>
<dt><code>lrintq</code>: round to nearest integer value</dt>
<dt><code>lroundq</code>: round to nearest integer value away from zero</dt>
<dt><code>modfq</code>: decompose the floating-point number</dt>
<dt><code>nanq</code>: return quiet NaN</dt>
<dt><code>nearbyintq</code>: round to nearest integer</dt>
<dt><code>nextafterq</code>: next representable floating-point number</dt>
<dt><code>powq</code>: power function</dt>
<dt><code>remainderq</code>: remainder function</dt>
<dt><code>remquoq</code>: remainder and part of quotient</dt>
<dt><code>rintq</code>: round-to-nearest integral value</dt>
<dt><code>roundq</code>: round-to-nearest integral value, return <code>__float128</code></dt>
<dt><code>scalblnq</code>: compute exponent using <code>FLT_RADIX</code></dt>
<dt><code>scalbnq</code>: compute exponent using <code>FLT_RADIX</code></dt>
<dt><code>signbitq</code>: return sign bit</dt>
<dt><code>sincosq</code>: calculate sine and cosine simulataneously</dt>
<dt><code>sinhq</code>: hyperbolic sine function</dt>
<dt><code>sinq</code>: sine function</dt>
<dt><code>sqrtq</code>: square root function</dt>
<dt><code>tanq</code>: tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>tanhq</code>: hyperbolic tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>tgammaq</code>: true gamma function</dt>
<dt><code>truncq</code>: round to integer, towards zero</dt>
<dt><code>y0q</code>: Bessel function of the second kind, first order</dt>
<dt><code>y1q</code>: Bessel function of the second kind, second order</dt>
<dt><code>ynq</code>: Bessel function of the second kind, <var>n</var>-th order</dt>
<dt><code>cabsq</code> complex absolute value function</dt>
<dt><code>cargq</code>: calculate the argument</dt>
<dt><code>cimagq</code> imaginary part of complex number</dt>
<dt><code>crealq</code>: real part of complex number</dt>
<dt><code>cacoshq</code>: complex arc hyperbolic cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>cacosq</code>: complex arc cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>casinhq</code>: complex arc hyperbolic sine function</dt>
<dt><code>casinq</code>: complex arc sine function</dt>
<dt><code>catanhq</code>: complex arc hyperbolic tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>catanq</code>: complex arc tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>ccosq</code> complex cosine function:</dt>
<dt><code>ccoshq</code>: complex hyperbolic cosine function</dt>
<dt><code>cexpq</code>: complex exponential function</dt>
<dt><code>cexpiq</code>: computes the exponential function of &ldquo;i&rdquo; times a</dt>
<dd><p>real value
</p></dd>
<dt><code>clogq</code>: complex natural logarithm</dt>
<dt><code>clog10q</code>: complex base 10 logarithm</dt>
<dt><code>conjq</code>: complex conjugate function</dt>
<dt><code>cpowq</code>: complex power function</dt>
<dt><code>cprojq</code>: project into Riemann Sphere</dt>
<dt><code>csinq</code>: complex sine function</dt>
<dt><code>csinhq</code>: complex hyperbolic sine function</dt>
<dt><code>csqrtq</code>: complex square root</dt>
<dt><code>ctanq</code>: complex tangent function</dt>
<dt><code>ctanhq</code>: complex hyperbolic tangent function</dt>
</dl>



<hr>
<a name="I_002fO-Library-Routines"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" accesskey="n" rel="next">GNU Free Documentation License</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math-Library-Routines" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Math Library Routines</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="I_002fO-Library-Routines-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">3 I/O Library Routines</h2>

<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#strtoflt128" accesskey="1"><code>strtoflt128</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Convert from string
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#quadmath_005fsnprintf" accesskey="2"><code>quadmath_snprintf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Convert to string
</td></tr>
</table>


<hr>
<a name="strtoflt128"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="#quadmath_005fsnprintf" accesskey="n" rel="next">quadmath_snprintf</a>, Up: <a href="#I_002fO-Library-Routines" accesskey="u" rel="up">I/O Library Routines</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="strtoflt128-_002d_002d_002d-Convert-from-string"></a>
<h3 class="section">3.1 <code>strtoflt128</code> &mdash; Convert from string</h3>

<p>The function <code>strtoflt128</code> converts a string into a
<code>__float128</code> number.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>Syntax</dt>
<dd><p><code>__float128 strtoflt128 (const char *s, char **sp)</code>
</p>
</dd>
<dt><em>Arguments</em>:</dt>
<dd><table>
<tr><td width="15%"><var>s</var></td><td width="70%">input string</td></tr>
<tr><td width="15%"><var>sp</var></td><td width="70%">the address of the next character in the string</td></tr>
</table>

<p>The argument <var>sp</var> contains, if not <code>NULL</code>, the address of the
next character following the parts of the string, which have been read.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>Example</dt>
<dd><div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">#include &lt;quadmath.h&gt;

int main ()
{
  __float128 r;

  r = strtoflt128 (&quot;1.2345678&quot;, NULL);

  return 0;
}
</pre></div>
</dd>
</dl>


<hr>
<a name="quadmath_005fsnprintf"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Previous: <a href="#strtoflt128" accesskey="p" rel="prev">strtoflt128</a>, Up: <a href="#I_002fO-Library-Routines" accesskey="u" rel="up">I/O Library Routines</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="quadmath_005fsnprintf-_002d_002d_002d-Convert-to-string"></a>
<h3 class="section">3.2 <code>quadmath_snprintf</code> &mdash; Convert to string</h3>

<p>The function <code>quadmath_snprintf</code> converts a <code>__float128</code> floating-point
number into a string.  It is a specialized alternative to <code>snprintf</code>, where
the format string is restricted to a single conversion specifier with <code>Q</code>
modifier and conversion specifier <code>e</code>, <code>E</code>, <code>f</code>, <code>F</code>, <code>g</code>,
<code>G</code>, <code>a</code> or <code>A</code>, with no extra characters before or after the
conversion specifier.  The <code>%m$</code> or <code>*m$</code> style must not be used in
the format.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>Syntax</dt>
<dd><p><code>int quadmath_snprintf (char *s, size_t size, const char *format, ...)</code>
</p>
</dd>
<dt><em>Arguments</em>:</dt>
<dd><table>
<tr><td width="15%"><var>s</var></td><td width="70%">output string</td></tr>
<tr><td width="15%"><var>size</var></td><td width="70%">byte size of the string, including tailing NUL</td></tr>
<tr><td width="15%"><var>format</var></td><td width="70%">conversion specifier string</td></tr>
</table>

</dd>
<dt>Note</dt>
<dd><p>On some targets when supported by the C library hooks are installed
for <code>printf</code> family of functions, so that <code>printf (&quot;%Qe&quot;, 1.2Q);</code>
etc. works too.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>Example</dt>
<dd><div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">#include &lt;quadmath.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;

int main ()
{
  __float128 r;
  int prec = 20;
  int width = 46;
  char buf[128];

  r = 2.0q;
  r = sqrtq (r);
  int n = quadmath_snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, &quot;%+-#*.20Qe&quot;, width, r);
  if ((size_t) n &lt; sizeof buf)
    printf (&quot;%s\n&quot;, buf);
    /* Prints: +1.41421356237309504880e+00 */
  quadmath_snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, &quot;%Qa&quot;, r);
  if ((size_t) n &lt; sizeof buf)
    printf (&quot;%s\n&quot;, buf);
    /* Prints: 0x1.6a09e667f3bcc908b2fb1366ea96p+0 */
  n = quadmath_snprintf (NULL, 0, &quot;%+-#46.*Qe&quot;, prec, r);
  if (n &gt; -1)
    {
      char *str = malloc (n + 1);
      if (str)
        {
          quadmath_snprintf (str, n + 1, &quot;%+-#46.*Qe&quot;, prec, r);
          printf (&quot;%s\n&quot;, str);
          /* Prints: +1.41421356237309504880e+00 */
        }
      free (str);
    }
  return 0;
}
</pre></div>

</dd>
</dl>



<hr>
<a name="GNU-Free-Documentation-License"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="#Reporting-Bugs" accesskey="n" rel="next">Reporting Bugs</a>, Previous: <a href="#I_002fO-Library-Routines" accesskey="p" rel="prev">I/O Library Routines</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="GNU-Free-Documentation-License-1"></a>
<h2 class="unnumbered">GNU Free Documentation License</h2>

<a name="index-FDL_002c-GNU-Free-Documentation-License"></a>
<div align="center">Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
</div>
<div class="display">
<pre class="display">Copyright &copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
<a href="http://fsf.org/">http://fsf.org/</a>

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
</pre></div>

<ol>
<li> PREAMBLE

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</p>
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</p>
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<p>&ldquo;Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site&rdquo; (or &ldquo;MMC Site&rdquo;) means any
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provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works.  A
public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server.  A
&ldquo;Massive Multiauthor Collaboration&rdquo; (or &ldquo;MMC&rdquo;) contained in the
site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC
site.
</p>
<p>&ldquo;CC-BY-SA&rdquo; means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
published by that same organization.
</p>
<p>&ldquo;Incorporate&rdquo; means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or
in part, as part of another Document.
</p>
<p>An MMC is &ldquo;eligible for relicensing&rdquo; if it is licensed under this
License, and if all works that were first published under this License
somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole
or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections,
and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
</p>
<p>The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
</p>
</li></ol>

<a name="ADDENDUM_003a-How-to-use-this-License-for-your-documents"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</h3>

<p>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:
</p>
<div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">  Copyright (C)  <var>year</var>  <var>your name</var>.
  Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
  under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
  or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
  with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
  Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
  Free Documentation License''.
</pre></div>

<p>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
replace the &ldquo;with...Texts.&rdquo; line with this:
</p>
<div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">    with the Invariant Sections being <var>list their titles</var>, with
    the Front-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>, and with the Back-Cover Texts
    being <var>list</var>.
</pre></div>

<p>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.
</p>
<p>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
to permit their use in free software.
</p>




<hr>
<a name="Reporting-Bugs"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Previous: <a href="#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" accesskey="p" rel="prev">GNU Free Documentation License</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="Reporting-Bugs-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">4 Reporting Bugs</h2>

<p>Bugs in the GCC Quad-Precision Math Library implementation should be
reported via <a href="file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.7/README.Bugs">file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.7/README.Bugs</a>.
</p>



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