This file is indexed.

/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py is in python-pil 2.3.0-1ubuntu3.4.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

   1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8
   9
  10
  11
  12
  13
  14
  15
  16
  17
  18
  19
  20
  21
  22
  23
  24
  25
  26
  27
  28
  29
  30
  31
  32
  33
  34
  35
  36
  37
  38
  39
  40
  41
  42
  43
  44
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49
  50
  51
  52
  53
  54
  55
  56
  57
  58
  59
  60
  61
  62
  63
  64
  65
  66
  67
  68
  69
  70
  71
  72
  73
  74
  75
  76
  77
  78
  79
  80
  81
  82
  83
  84
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89
  90
  91
  92
  93
  94
  95
  96
  97
  98
  99
 100
 101
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106
 107
 108
 109
 110
 111
 112
 113
 114
 115
 116
 117
 118
 119
 120
 121
 122
 123
 124
 125
 126
 127
 128
 129
 130
 131
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136
 137
 138
 139
 140
 141
 142
 143
 144
 145
 146
 147
 148
 149
 150
 151
 152
 153
 154
 155
 156
 157
 158
 159
 160
 161
 162
 163
 164
 165
 166
 167
 168
 169
 170
 171
 172
 173
 174
 175
 176
 177
 178
 179
 180
 181
 182
 183
 184
 185
 186
 187
 188
 189
 190
 191
 192
 193
 194
 195
 196
 197
 198
 199
 200
 201
 202
 203
 204
 205
 206
 207
 208
 209
 210
 211
 212
 213
 214
 215
 216
 217
 218
 219
 220
 221
 222
 223
 224
 225
 226
 227
 228
 229
 230
 231
 232
 233
 234
 235
 236
 237
 238
 239
 240
 241
 242
 243
 244
 245
 246
 247
 248
 249
 250
 251
 252
 253
 254
 255
 256
 257
 258
 259
 260
 261
 262
 263
 264
 265
 266
 267
 268
 269
 270
 271
 272
 273
 274
 275
 276
 277
 278
 279
 280
 281
 282
 283
 284
 285
 286
 287
 288
 289
 290
 291
 292
 293
 294
 295
 296
 297
 298
 299
 300
 301
 302
 303
 304
 305
 306
 307
 308
 309
 310
 311
 312
 313
 314
 315
 316
 317
 318
 319
 320
 321
 322
 323
 324
 325
 326
 327
 328
 329
 330
 331
 332
 333
 334
 335
 336
 337
 338
 339
 340
 341
 342
 343
 344
 345
 346
 347
 348
 349
 350
 351
 352
 353
 354
 355
 356
 357
 358
 359
 360
 361
 362
 363
 364
 365
 366
 367
 368
 369
 370
 371
 372
 373
 374
 375
 376
 377
 378
 379
 380
 381
 382
 383
 384
 385
 386
 387
 388
 389
 390
 391
 392
 393
 394
 395
 396
 397
 398
 399
 400
 401
 402
 403
 404
 405
 406
 407
 408
 409
 410
 411
 412
 413
 414
 415
 416
 417
 418
 419
 420
 421
 422
 423
 424
 425
 426
 427
 428
 429
 430
 431
 432
 433
 434
 435
 436
 437
 438
 439
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444
 445
 446
 447
 448
 449
 450
 451
 452
 453
 454
 455
 456
 457
 458
 459
 460
 461
 462
 463
 464
 465
 466
 467
 468
 469
 470
 471
 472
 473
 474
 475
 476
 477
 478
 479
 480
 481
 482
 483
 484
 485
 486
 487
 488
 489
 490
 491
 492
 493
 494
 495
 496
 497
 498
 499
 500
 501
 502
 503
 504
 505
 506
 507
 508
 509
 510
 511
 512
 513
 514
 515
 516
 517
 518
 519
 520
 521
 522
 523
 524
 525
 526
 527
 528
 529
 530
 531
 532
 533
 534
 535
 536
 537
 538
 539
 540
 541
 542
 543
 544
 545
 546
 547
 548
 549
 550
 551
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556
 557
 558
 559
 560
 561
 562
 563
 564
 565
 566
 567
 568
 569
 570
 571
 572
 573
 574
 575
 576
 577
 578
 579
 580
 581
 582
 583
 584
 585
 586
 587
 588
 589
 590
 591
 592
 593
 594
 595
 596
 597
 598
 599
 600
 601
 602
 603
 604
 605
 606
 607
 608
 609
 610
 611
 612
 613
 614
 615
 616
 617
 618
 619
 620
 621
 622
 623
 624
 625
 626
 627
 628
 629
 630
 631
 632
 633
 634
 635
 636
 637
 638
 639
 640
 641
 642
 643
 644
 645
 646
 647
 648
 649
 650
 651
 652
 653
 654
 655
 656
 657
 658
 659
 660
 661
 662
 663
 664
 665
 666
 667
 668
 669
 670
 671
 672
 673
 674
 675
 676
 677
 678
 679
 680
 681
 682
 683
 684
 685
 686
 687
 688
 689
 690
 691
 692
 693
 694
 695
 696
 697
 698
 699
 700
 701
 702
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707
 708
 709
 710
 711
 712
 713
 714
 715
 716
 717
 718
 719
 720
 721
 722
 723
 724
 725
 726
 727
 728
 729
 730
 731
 732
 733
 734
 735
 736
 737
 738
 739
 740
 741
 742
 743
 744
 745
 746
 747
 748
 749
 750
 751
 752
 753
 754
 755
 756
 757
 758
 759
 760
 761
 762
 763
 764
 765
 766
 767
 768
 769
 770
 771
 772
 773
 774
 775
 776
 777
 778
 779
 780
 781
 782
 783
 784
 785
 786
 787
 788
 789
 790
 791
 792
 793
 794
 795
 796
 797
 798
 799
 800
 801
 802
 803
 804
 805
 806
 807
 808
 809
 810
 811
 812
 813
 814
 815
 816
 817
 818
 819
 820
 821
 822
 823
 824
 825
 826
 827
 828
 829
 830
 831
 832
 833
 834
 835
 836
 837
 838
 839
 840
 841
 842
 843
 844
 845
 846
 847
 848
 849
 850
 851
 852
 853
 854
 855
 856
 857
 858
 859
 860
 861
 862
 863
 864
 865
 866
 867
 868
 869
 870
 871
 872
 873
 874
 875
 876
 877
 878
 879
 880
 881
 882
 883
 884
 885
 886
 887
 888
 889
 890
 891
 892
 893
 894
 895
 896
 897
 898
 899
 900
 901
 902
 903
 904
 905
 906
 907
 908
 909
 910
 911
 912
 913
 914
 915
 916
 917
 918
 919
 920
 921
 922
 923
 924
 925
 926
 927
 928
 929
 930
 931
 932
 933
 934
 935
 936
 937
 938
 939
 940
 941
 942
 943
 944
 945
 946
 947
 948
 949
 950
 951
 952
 953
 954
 955
 956
 957
 958
 959
 960
 961
 962
 963
 964
 965
 966
 967
 968
 969
 970
 971
 972
 973
 974
 975
 976
 977
 978
 979
 980
 981
 982
 983
 984
 985
 986
 987
 988
 989
 990
 991
 992
 993
 994
 995
 996
 997
 998
 999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# TIFF file handling
#
# TIFF is a flexible, if somewhat aged, image file format originally
# defined by Aldus.  Although TIFF supports a wide variety of pixel
# layouts and compression methods, the name doesn't really stand for
# "thousands of incompatible file formats," it just feels that way.
#
# To read TIFF data from a stream, the stream must be seekable.  For
# progressive decoding, make sure to use TIFF files where the tag
# directory is placed first in the file.
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl   Created
# 1996-05-04 fl   Handle JPEGTABLES tag
# 1996-05-18 fl   Fixed COLORMAP support
# 1997-01-05 fl   Fixed PREDICTOR support
# 1997-08-27 fl   Added support for rational tags (from Perry Stoll)
# 1998-01-10 fl   Fixed seek/tell (from Jan Blom)
# 1998-07-15 fl   Use private names for internal variables
# 1999-06-13 fl   Rewritten for PIL 1.0 (1.0)
# 2000-10-11 fl   Additional fixes for Python 2.0 (1.1)
# 2001-04-17 fl   Fixed rewind support (seek to frame 0) (1.2)
# 2001-05-12 fl   Added write support for more tags (from Greg Couch) (1.3)
# 2001-12-18 fl   Added workaround for broken Matrox library
# 2002-01-18 fl   Don't mess up if photometric tag is missing (D. Alan Stewart)
# 2003-05-19 fl   Check FILLORDER tag
# 2003-09-26 fl   Added RGBa support
# 2004-02-24 fl   Added DPI support; fixed rational write support
# 2005-02-07 fl   Added workaround for broken Corel Draw 10 files
# 2006-01-09 fl   Added support for float/double tags (from Russell Nelson)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 by Secret Labs AB.  All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1995-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#

from __future__ import print_function

__version__ = "1.3.5"

from PIL import Image, ImageFile
from PIL import ImagePalette
from PIL import _binary
from PIL._util import isStringType

import warnings
import array, sys
import collections
import itertools
import os

# Set these to true to force use of libtiff for reading or writing. 
READ_LIBTIFF = False
WRITE_LIBTIFF= False

II = b"II" # little-endian (intel-style)
MM = b"MM" # big-endian (motorola-style)

i8 = _binary.i8
o8 = _binary.o8

if sys.byteorder == "little":
    native_prefix = II
else:
    native_prefix = MM

#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read TIFF files

il16 = _binary.i16le
il32 = _binary.i32le
ol16 = _binary.o16le
ol32 = _binary.o32le

ib16 = _binary.i16be
ib32 = _binary.i32be
ob16 = _binary.o16be
ob32 = _binary.o32be

# a few tag names, just to make the code below a bit more readable
IMAGEWIDTH = 256
IMAGELENGTH = 257
BITSPERSAMPLE = 258
COMPRESSION = 259
PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION = 262
FILLORDER = 266
IMAGEDESCRIPTION = 270
STRIPOFFSETS = 273
SAMPLESPERPIXEL = 277
ROWSPERSTRIP = 278
STRIPBYTECOUNTS = 279
X_RESOLUTION = 282
Y_RESOLUTION = 283
PLANAR_CONFIGURATION = 284
RESOLUTION_UNIT = 296
SOFTWARE = 305
DATE_TIME = 306
ARTIST = 315
PREDICTOR = 317
COLORMAP = 320
TILEOFFSETS = 324
EXTRASAMPLES = 338
SAMPLEFORMAT = 339
JPEGTABLES = 347
COPYRIGHT = 33432
IPTC_NAA_CHUNK = 33723 # newsphoto properties
PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK = 34377 # photoshop properties
ICCPROFILE = 34675
EXIFIFD = 34665
XMP = 700

# https://github.com/fiji/ImageJA/blob/master/src/main/java/ij/io/TiffDecoder.java
IMAGEJ_META_DATA_BYTE_COUNTS = 50838
IMAGEJ_META_DATA = 50839

COMPRESSION_INFO = {
    # Compression => pil compression name
    1: "raw",
    2: "tiff_ccitt",
    3: "group3",
    4: "group4",
    5: "tiff_lzw",
    6: "tiff_jpeg", # obsolete
    7: "jpeg",
    8: "tiff_adobe_deflate",
    32771: "tiff_raw_16", # 16-bit padding
    32773: "packbits",
    32809: "tiff_thunderscan",
    32946: "tiff_deflate",
    34676: "tiff_sgilog",
    34677: "tiff_sgilog24",
}

COMPRESSION_INFO_REV = dict([(v,k) for (k,v) in COMPRESSION_INFO.items()])

OPEN_INFO = {
    # (ByteOrder, PhotoInterpretation, SampleFormat, FillOrder, BitsPerSample,
    #  ExtraSamples) => mode, rawmode
    (II, 0, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"),
    (II, 0, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"),
    (II, 0, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"),
    (II, 0, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"),
    (II, 1, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"),
    (II, 1, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"),
    (II, 1, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"),
    (II, 1, 1, 1, (8,8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"),
    (II, 1, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"),
    (II, 1, 1, 1, (12,), ()): ("I;16", "I;12"),
    (II, 1, 1, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16", "I;16"),
    (II, 1, 2, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16S", "I;16S"),
    (II, 1, 1, 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32N"),
    (II, 1, 2, 1, (32,), ()): ("I", "I;32S"),
    (II, 1, 3, 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32F"),
    (II, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"),
    (II, 2, 1, 2, (8,8,8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"),
    (II, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), ()): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),  # missing ExtraSamples
    (II, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"),
    (II, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"),
    (II, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
    (II, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # corel draw 10
    (II, 3, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"),
    (II, 3, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"),
    (II, 3, 1, 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"),
    (II, 3, 1, 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"),
    (II, 3, 1, 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"),
    (II, 3, 1, 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"),
    (II, 3, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"),
    (II, 3, 1, 1, (8,8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"),
    (II, 3, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"),
    (II, 5, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"),
    (II, 6, 1, 1, (8,8,8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"),
    (II, 8, 1, 1, (8,8,8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"),

    (MM, 0, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;I"),
    (MM, 0, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;IR"),
    (MM, 0, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;I"),
    (MM, 0, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;IR"),
    (MM, 1, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("1", "1"),
    (MM, 1, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("1", "1;R"),
    (MM, 1, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("L", "L"),
    (MM, 1, 1, 1, (8,8), (2,)): ("LA", "LA"),
    (MM, 1, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("L", "L;R"),
    (MM, 1, 1, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16B", "I;16B"),
    (MM, 1, 2, 1, (16,), ()): ("I;16BS", "I;16BS"),
    (MM, 1, 2, 1, (32,), ()): ("I;32BS", "I;32BS"),
    (MM, 1, 3, 1, (32,), ()): ("F", "F;32BF"),
    (MM, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB"),
    (MM, 2, 1, 2, (8,8,8), ()): ("RGB", "RGB;R"),
    (MM, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (0,)): ("RGBX", "RGBX"),
    (MM, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (1,)): ("RGBA", "RGBa"),
    (MM, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (2,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
    (MM, 2, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), (999,)): ("RGBA", "RGBA"), # corel draw 10
    (MM, 3, 1, 1, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 2, (1,), ()): ("P", "P;1R"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 1, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 2, (2,), ()): ("P", "P;2R"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 1, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 2, (4,), ()): ("P", "P;4R"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 1, (8,), ()): ("P", "P"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 1, (8,8), (2,)): ("PA", "PA"),
    (MM, 3, 1, 2, (8,), ()): ("P", "P;R"),
    (MM, 5, 1, 1, (8,8,8,8), ()): ("CMYK", "CMYK"),
    (MM, 6, 1, 1, (8,8,8), ()): ("YCbCr", "YCbCr"),
    (MM, 8, 1, 1, (8,8,8), ()): ("LAB", "LAB"),

}

PREFIXES = [b"MM\000\052", b"II\052\000", b"II\xBC\000"]

def _accept(prefix):
    return prefix[:4] in PREFIXES

##
# Wrapper for TIFF IFDs.

class ImageFileDirectory(collections.MutableMapping):
    """ This class represents a TIFF tag directory.  To speed things
        up, we don't decode tags unless they're asked for.

        Exposes a dictionary interface of the tags in the directory
        ImageFileDirectory[key] = value
        value = ImageFileDirectory[key]

        Also contains a dictionary of tag types as read from the tiff
        image file, 'ImageFileDirectory.tagtype'


        Data Structures:
        'public'
        * self.tagtype = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
                            Value: integer corresponding to the data type from
                            `TiffTags.TYPES`

        'internal'            
        * self.tags = {}  Key: numerical tiff tag number
                          Value: Decoded data, Generally a tuple.
                            * If set from __setval__ -- always a tuple
                            * Numeric types -- always a tuple
                            * String type -- not a tuple, returned as string
                            * Undefined data -- not a tuple, returned as bytes
                            * Byte -- not a tuple, returned as byte.
        * self.tagdata = {} Key: numerical tiff tag number
                            Value: undecoded byte string from file


        Tags will be found in either self.tags or self.tagdata, but
        not both. The union of the two should contain all the tags
        from the Tiff image file.  External classes shouldn't
        reference these unless they're really sure what they're doing.
        """

    def __init__(self, prefix=II):
        """
        :prefix: 'II'|'MM'  tiff endianness
        """
        self.prefix = prefix[:2]
        if self.prefix == MM:
            self.i16, self.i32 = ib16, ib32
            self.o16, self.o32 = ob16, ob32
        elif self.prefix == II:
            self.i16, self.i32 = il16, il32
            self.o16, self.o32 = ol16, ol32
        else:
            raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF IFD")
        self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        #: Tags is an incomplete dictionary of the tags of the image.
        #: For a complete dictionary, use the as_dict method.
        self.tags = {}
        self.tagdata = {}
        self.tagtype = {} # added 2008-06-05 by Florian Hoech
        self.next = None

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.as_dict())

    def as_dict(self):
        """Return a dictionary of the image's tags."""
        return dict(self.items())

    def named(self):
        """Returns the complete tag dictionary, with named tags where posible."""
        from PIL import TiffTags
        result = {}
        for tag_code, value in self.items():
            tag_name = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag_code, tag_code)
            result[tag_name] = value
        return result


    # dictionary API

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.tagdata) + len(self.tags)

    def __getitem__(self, tag):
        try:
            return self.tags[tag]
        except KeyError:
            data = self.tagdata[tag] # unpack on the fly
            type = self.tagtype[tag]
            size, handler = self.load_dispatch[type]
            self.tags[tag] = data = handler(self, data)
            del self.tagdata[tag]
            return data

    def getscalar(self, tag, default=None):
        try:
            value = self[tag]
            if len(value) != 1:
                if tag == SAMPLEFORMAT:
                    # work around broken (?) matrox library
                    # (from Ted Wright, via Bob Klimek)
                    raise KeyError # use default
                raise ValueError("not a scalar")
            return value[0]
        except KeyError:
            if default is None:
                raise
            return default

    def __contains__(self, tag):
        return tag in self.tags or tag in self.tagdata

    if bytes is str:
        def has_key(self, tag):
            return tag in self

    def __setitem__(self, tag, value):
        # tags are tuples for integers
        # tags are not tuples for byte, string, and undefined data.
        # see load_*
        if not isinstance(value, tuple):
            value = (value,)
        self.tags[tag] = value

    def __delitem__(self, tag):
        self.tags.pop(tag, self.tagdata.pop(tag, None))

    def __iter__(self):
        return itertools.chain(self.tags.__iter__(), self.tagdata.__iter__())

    def items(self):
        keys = list(self.__iter__())
        values = [self[key] for key in keys]
        return zip(keys, values)

    # load primitives

    load_dispatch = {}

    def load_byte(self, data):
        return data
    load_dispatch[1] = (1, load_byte)

    def load_string(self, data):
        if data[-1:] == b'\0':
            data = data[:-1]
        return data.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
    load_dispatch[2] = (1, load_string)

    def load_short(self, data):
        l = []
        for i in range(0, len(data), 2):
            l.append(self.i16(data, i))
        return tuple(l)
    load_dispatch[3] = (2, load_short)

    def load_long(self, data):
        l = []
        for i in range(0, len(data), 4):
            l.append(self.i32(data, i))
        return tuple(l)
    load_dispatch[4] = (4, load_long)

    def load_rational(self, data):
        l = []
        for i in range(0, len(data), 8):
            l.append((self.i32(data, i), self.i32(data, i+4)))
        return tuple(l)
    load_dispatch[5] = (8, load_rational)

    def load_float(self, data):
        a = array.array("f", data)
        if self.prefix != native_prefix:
            a.byteswap()
        return tuple(a)
    load_dispatch[11] = (4, load_float)

    def load_double(self, data):
        a = array.array("d", data)
        if self.prefix != native_prefix:
            a.byteswap()
        return tuple(a)
    load_dispatch[12] = (8, load_double)

    def load_undefined(self, data):
        # Untyped data
        return data
    load_dispatch[7] = (1, load_undefined)

    def load(self, fp):
        # load tag dictionary

        self.reset()

        i16 = self.i16
        i32 = self.i32

        for i in range(i16(fp.read(2))):

            ifd = fp.read(12)

            tag, typ = i16(ifd), i16(ifd, 2)

            if Image.DEBUG:
                from PIL import TiffTags
                tagname = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag, "unknown")
                typname = TiffTags.TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
                print("tag: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag), end=' ')
                print("- type: %s (%d)" % (typname, typ), end=' ')

            try:
                dispatch = self.load_dispatch[typ]
            except KeyError:
                if Image.DEBUG:
                    print("- unsupported type", typ)
                continue # ignore unsupported type

            size, handler = dispatch

            size = size * i32(ifd, 4)

            # Get and expand tag value
            if size > 4:
                here = fp.tell()
                fp.seek(i32(ifd, 8))
                data = ImageFile._safe_read(fp, size)
                fp.seek(here)
            else:
                data = ifd[8:8+size]

            if len(data) != size:
                warnings.warn("Possibly corrupt EXIF data.  Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. Skipping tag %s" % (size, len(data), tag))
                continue

            self.tagdata[tag] = data
            self.tagtype[tag] = typ

            if Image.DEBUG:
                if tag in (COLORMAP, IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK, ICCPROFILE, XMP):
                    print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
                else:
                    print("- value:", self[tag])

        self.next = i32(fp.read(4))

    # save primitives

    def save(self, fp):

        o16 = self.o16
        o32 = self.o32

        fp.write(o16(len(self.tags)))

        # always write in ascending tag order
        tags = sorted(self.tags.items())

        directory = []
        append = directory.append

        offset = fp.tell() + len(self.tags) * 12 + 4

        stripoffsets = None

        # pass 1: convert tags to binary format
        for tag, value in tags:

            typ = None

            if tag in self.tagtype:
                typ = self.tagtype[tag]
                
            if Image.DEBUG:
                print ("Tag %s, Type: %s, Value: %s" % (tag, typ, value))
                   
            if typ == 1:
                # byte data
                if isinstance(value, tuple):
                    data = value = value[-1]
                else:
                    data = value
            elif typ == 7:
                # untyped data
                data = value = b"".join(value)
            elif isStringType(value[0]):
                # string data
                if isinstance(value, tuple):
                    value = value[-1]
                typ = 2
                # was b'\0'.join(str), which led to \x00a\x00b sorts
                # of strings which I don't see in in the wild tiffs
                # and doesn't match the tiff spec: 8-bit byte that
                # contains a 7-bit ASCII code; the last byte must be
                # NUL (binary zero). Also, I don't think this was well
                # excersized before. 
                data = value = b"" + value.encode('ascii', 'replace') + b"\0"
            else:
                # integer data
                if tag == STRIPOFFSETS:
                    stripoffsets = len(directory)
                    typ = 4 # to avoid catch-22
                elif tag in (X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION) or typ==5:
                    # identify rational data fields
                    typ = 5
                    if isinstance(value[0], tuple):
                        # long name for flatten
                        value = tuple(itertools.chain.from_iterable(value))
                elif not typ:
                    typ = 3
                    for v in value:
                        if v >= 65536:
                            typ = 4
                if typ == 3:
                    data = b"".join(map(o16, value))
                else:
                    data = b"".join(map(o32, value))

            if Image.DEBUG:
                from PIL import TiffTags
                tagname = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag, "unknown")
                typname = TiffTags.TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
                print("save: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag), end=' ')
                print("- type: %s (%d)" % (typname, typ), end=' ')
                if tag in (COLORMAP, IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK, ICCPROFILE, XMP):
                    size = len(data)
                    print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
                else:
                    print("- value:", value)

            # figure out if data fits into the directory
            if len(data) == 4:
                append((tag, typ, len(value), data, b""))
            elif len(data) < 4:
                append((tag, typ, len(value), data + (4-len(data))*b"\0", b""))
            else:
                count = len(value)
                if typ == 5:
                    count = count // 2        # adjust for rational data field

                append((tag, typ, count, o32(offset), data))
                offset = offset + len(data)
                if offset & 1:
                    offset = offset + 1 # word padding

        # update strip offset data to point beyond auxiliary data
        if stripoffsets is not None:
            tag, typ, count, value, data = directory[stripoffsets]
            assert not data, "multistrip support not yet implemented"
            value = o32(self.i32(value) + offset)
            directory[stripoffsets] = tag, typ, count, value, data

        # pass 2: write directory to file
        for tag, typ, count, value, data in directory:
            if Image.DEBUG > 1:
                print(tag, typ, count, repr(value), repr(data))
            fp.write(o16(tag) + o16(typ) + o32(count) + value)

        # -- overwrite here for multi-page --
        fp.write(b"\0\0\0\0") # end of directory

        # pass 3: write auxiliary data to file
        for tag, typ, count, value, data in directory:
            fp.write(data)
            if len(data) & 1:
                fp.write(b"\0")

        return offset

##
# Image plugin for TIFF files.

class TiffImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):

    format = "TIFF"
    format_description = "Adobe TIFF"

    def _open(self):
        "Open the first image in a TIFF file"

        # Header
        ifh = self.fp.read(8)

        if ifh[:4] not in PREFIXES:
            raise SyntaxError("not a TIFF file")

        # image file directory (tag dictionary)
        self.tag = self.ifd = ImageFileDirectory(ifh[:2])

        # setup frame pointers
        self.__first = self.__next = self.ifd.i32(ifh, 4)
        self.__frame = -1
        self.__fp = self.fp

        if Image.DEBUG:
            print ("*** TiffImageFile._open ***")
            print ("- __first:", self.__first)
            print ("- ifh: ", ifh)

       # and load the first frame
        self._seek(0)

    def seek(self, frame):
        "Select a given frame as current image"

        if frame < 0:
            frame = 0
        self._seek(frame)

    def tell(self):
        "Return the current frame number"

        return self._tell()

    def _seek(self, frame):

        self.fp = self.__fp
        if frame < self.__frame:
            # rewind file
            self.__frame = -1
            self.__next = self.__first
        while self.__frame < frame:
            if not self.__next:
                raise EOFError("no more images in TIFF file")
            self.fp.seek(self.__next)
            self.tag.load(self.fp)
            self.__next = self.tag.next
            self.__frame = self.__frame + 1
        self._setup()

    def _tell(self):

        return self.__frame

    def _decoder(self, rawmode, layer, tile=None):
        "Setup decoder contexts"

        args = None
        if rawmode == "RGB" and self._planar_configuration == 2:
            rawmode = rawmode[layer]
        compression = self._compression
        if compression == "raw":
            args = (rawmode, 0, 1)
        elif compression == "jpeg":
            args = rawmode, ""
            if JPEGTABLES in self.tag:
                # Hack to handle abbreviated JPEG headers
                self.tile_prefix = self.tag[JPEGTABLES]
        elif compression == "packbits":
            args = rawmode
        elif compression == "tiff_lzw":
            args = rawmode
            if 317 in self.tag:
                # Section 14: Differencing Predictor
                self.decoderconfig = (self.tag[PREDICTOR][0],)

        if ICCPROFILE in self.tag:
            self.info['icc_profile'] = self.tag[ICCPROFILE]

        return args

    def _load_libtiff(self):
        """ Overload method triggered when we detect a compressed tiff
            Calls out to libtiff """

        pixel = Image.Image.load(self)

        if self.tile is None:
            raise IOError("cannot load this image")
        if not self.tile:
            return pixel

        self.load_prepare()

        if not len(self.tile) == 1:
            raise IOError("Not exactly one tile")

        d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
        d = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, 'libtiff', a, self.decoderconfig)
        try:
            d.setimage(self.im, e)
        except ValueError:
            raise IOError("Couldn't set the image")

        if hasattr(self.fp, "getvalue"):
            # We've got a stringio like thing passed in. Yay for all in memory.
            # The decoder needs the entire file in one shot, so there's not
            # a lot we can do here other than give it the entire file.
            # unless we could do something like get the address of the underlying
            # string for stringio.
            #
            # Rearranging for supporting byteio items, since they have a fileno
            # that returns an IOError if there's no underlying fp. Easier to deal
            # with here by reordering.
            if Image.DEBUG:
                print ("have getvalue. just sending in a string from getvalue")
            n,e = d.decode(self.fp.getvalue())
        elif hasattr(self.fp, "fileno"):
            # we've got a actual file on disk, pass in the fp.
            if Image.DEBUG:
                print ("have fileno, calling fileno version of the decoder.")
            self.fp.seek(0)
            n,e = d.decode(b"fpfp") # 4 bytes, otherwise the trace might error out
        else:
            # we have something else.
            if Image.DEBUG:
                print ("don't have fileno or getvalue. just reading")
            # UNDONE -- so much for that buffer size thing.
            n, e = d.decode(self.fp.read())


        self.tile = []
        self.readonly = 0
        self.fp = None # might be shared

        if e < 0:
            raise IOError(e)

        self.load_end()

        return Image.Image.load(self)

    def _setup(self):
        "Setup this image object based on current tags"

        if 0xBC01 in self.tag:
            raise IOError("Windows Media Photo files not yet supported")

        getscalar = self.tag.getscalar

        # extract relevant tags
        self._compression = COMPRESSION_INFO[getscalar(COMPRESSION, 1)]
        self._planar_configuration = getscalar(PLANAR_CONFIGURATION, 1)

        # photometric is a required tag, but not everyone is reading
        # the specification
        photo = getscalar(PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION, 0)

        fillorder = getscalar(FILLORDER, 1)

        if Image.DEBUG:
            print("*** Summary ***")
            print("- compression:", self._compression)
            print("- photometric_interpretation:", photo)
            print("- planar_configuration:", self._planar_configuration)
            print("- fill_order:", fillorder)

        # size
        xsize = getscalar(IMAGEWIDTH)
        ysize = getscalar(IMAGELENGTH)
        self.size = xsize, ysize

        if Image.DEBUG:
            print("- size:", self.size)

        format = getscalar(SAMPLEFORMAT, 1)

        # mode: check photometric interpretation and bits per pixel
        key = (
            self.tag.prefix, photo, format, fillorder,
            self.tag.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)),
            self.tag.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ())
            )
        if Image.DEBUG:
            print("format key:", key)
        try:
            self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
        except KeyError:
            if Image.DEBUG:
                print("- unsupported format")
            raise SyntaxError("unknown pixel mode")

        if Image.DEBUG:
            print("- raw mode:", rawmode)
            print("- pil mode:", self.mode)

        self.info["compression"] = self._compression

        xres = getscalar(X_RESOLUTION, (1, 1))
        yres = getscalar(Y_RESOLUTION, (1, 1))

        if xres and not isinstance(xres, tuple):
            xres = (xres, 1.)
        if yres and not isinstance(yres, tuple):
            yres = (yres, 1.)
        if xres and yres:
            xres = xres[0] / (xres[1] or 1)
            yres = yres[0] / (yres[1] or 1)
            resunit = getscalar(RESOLUTION_UNIT, 1)
            if resunit == 2: # dots per inch
                self.info["dpi"] = xres, yres
            elif resunit == 3: # dots per centimeter. convert to dpi
                self.info["dpi"] = xres * 2.54, yres * 2.54
            else: # No absolute unit of measurement
                self.info["resolution"] = xres, yres

        # build tile descriptors
        x = y = l = 0
        self.tile = []
        if STRIPOFFSETS in self.tag:
            # striped image
            offsets = self.tag[STRIPOFFSETS]
            h = getscalar(ROWSPERSTRIP, ysize)
            w = self.size[0]
            if READ_LIBTIFF or self._compression in ["tiff_ccitt", "group3", "group4",
                                                     "tiff_jpeg", "tiff_adobe_deflate",
                                                     "tiff_thunderscan", "tiff_deflate",
                                                     "tiff_sgilog", "tiff_sgilog24",
                                                     "tiff_raw_16"]:
                ## if Image.DEBUG:
                ##     print "Activating g4 compression for whole file"

                # Decoder expects entire file as one tile.
                # There's a buffer size limit in load (64k)
                # so large g4 images will fail if we use that
                # function.
                #
                # Setup the one tile for the whole image, then
                # replace the existing load function with our
                # _load_libtiff function.

                self.load = self._load_libtiff

                # To be nice on memory footprint, if there's a
                # file descriptor, use that instead of reading
                # into a string in python.

                # libtiff closes the file descriptor, so pass in a dup.
                try:
                    fp = hasattr(self.fp, "fileno") and os.dup(self.fp.fileno())
                except IOError:
                    # io.BytesIO have a fileno, but returns an IOError if
                    # it doesn't use a file descriptor.
                    fp = False

                # libtiff handles the fillmode for us, so 1;IR should
                # actually be 1;I. Including the R double reverses the
                # bits, so stripes of the image are reversed.  See
                # https://github.com/python-imaging/Pillow/issues/279
                if fillorder == 2:
                    key = (
                        self.tag.prefix, photo, format, 1,
                        self.tag.get(BITSPERSAMPLE, (1,)),
                        self.tag.get(EXTRASAMPLES, ())
                        )
                    if Image.DEBUG:
                        print("format key:", key)
                    # this should always work, since all the
                    # fillorder==2 modes have a corresponding
                    # fillorder=1 mode
                    self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
                # libtiff always returns the bytes in native order.
                # we're expecting image byte order. So, if the rawmode
                # contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
                # byte order.
                if self.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16') and 'I;16' in rawmode:
                    rawmode = 'I;16N'

                # Offset in the tile tuple is 0, we go from 0,0 to
                # w,h, and we only do this once -- eds
                a = (rawmode, self._compression, fp )
                self.tile.append(
                    (self._compression,
                     (0, 0, w, ysize),
                     0, a))
                a = None

            else:
                for i in range(len(offsets)):
                    a = self._decoder(rawmode, l, i)
                    self.tile.append(
                        (self._compression,
                        (0, min(y, ysize), w, min(y+h, ysize)),
                        offsets[i], a))
                    if Image.DEBUG:
                        print ("tiles: ", self.tile)
                    y = y + h
                    if y >= self.size[1]:
                        x = y = 0
                        l = l + 1
                    a = None
        elif TILEOFFSETS in self.tag:
            # tiled image
            w = getscalar(322)
            h = getscalar(323)
            a = None
            for o in self.tag[TILEOFFSETS]:
                if not a:
                    a = self._decoder(rawmode, l)
                # FIXME: this doesn't work if the image size
                # is not a multiple of the tile size...
                self.tile.append(
                    (self._compression,
                    (x, y, x+w, y+h),
                    o, a))
                x = x + w
                if x >= self.size[0]:
                    x, y = 0, y + h
                    if y >= self.size[1]:
                        x = y = 0
                        l = l + 1
                        a = None
        else:
            if Image.DEBUG:
                print("- unsupported data organization")
            raise SyntaxError("unknown data organization")

        # fixup palette descriptor

        if self.mode == "P":
            palette = [o8(a // 256) for a in self.tag[COLORMAP]]
            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", b"".join(palette))
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write TIFF files

# little endian is default except for image modes with explict big endian byte-order

SAVE_INFO = {
    # mode => rawmode, byteorder, photometrics, sampleformat, bitspersample, extra
    "1": ("1", II, 1, 1, (1,), None),
    "L": ("L", II, 1, 1, (8,), None),
    "LA": ("LA", II, 1, 1, (8,8), 2),
    "P": ("P", II, 3, 1, (8,), None),
    "PA": ("PA", II, 3, 1, (8,8), 2),
    "I": ("I;32S", II, 1, 2, (32,), None),
    "I;16": ("I;16", II, 1, 1, (16,), None),
    "I;16S": ("I;16S", II, 1, 2, (16,), None),
    "F": ("F;32F", II, 1, 3, (32,), None),
    "RGB": ("RGB", II, 2, 1, (8,8,8), None),
    "RGBX": ("RGBX", II, 2, 1, (8,8,8,8), 0),
    "RGBA": ("RGBA", II, 2, 1, (8,8,8,8), 2),
    "CMYK": ("CMYK", II, 5, 1, (8,8,8,8), None),
    "YCbCr": ("YCbCr", II, 6, 1, (8,8,8), None),
    "LAB": ("LAB", II, 8, 1, (8,8,8), None),

    "I;32BS": ("I;32BS", MM, 1, 2, (32,), None),
    "I;16B": ("I;16B", MM, 1, 1, (16,), None),
    "I;16BS": ("I;16BS", MM, 1, 2, (16,), None),
    "F;32BF": ("F;32BF", MM, 1, 3, (32,), None),
}

def _cvt_res(value):
    # convert value to TIFF rational number -- (numerator, denominator)
    if isinstance(value, collections.Sequence):
        assert(len(value) % 2 == 0)
        return value
    if isinstance(value, int):
        return (value, 1)
    value = float(value)
    return (int(value * 65536), 65536)

def _save(im, fp, filename):

    try:
        rawmode, prefix, photo, format, bits, extra = SAVE_INFO[im.mode]
    except KeyError:
        raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as TIFF" % im.mode)

    ifd = ImageFileDirectory(prefix)

    compression = im.encoderinfo.get('compression',im.info.get('compression','raw'))

    libtiff = WRITE_LIBTIFF or compression in ["tiff_ccitt", "group3", "group4",
                                               "tiff_jpeg", "tiff_adobe_deflate",
                                               "tiff_thunderscan", "tiff_deflate",
                                               "tiff_sgilog", "tiff_sgilog24",
                                               "tiff_raw_16"]

    # required for color libtiff images
    ifd[PLANAR_CONFIGURATION] = getattr(im, '_planar_configuration', 1)
    
    # -- multi-page -- skip TIFF header on subsequent pages
    if not libtiff and fp.tell() == 0:
        # tiff header (write via IFD to get everything right)
        # PIL always starts the first IFD at offset 8
        fp.write(ifd.prefix + ifd.o16(42) + ifd.o32(8))

    ifd[IMAGEWIDTH] = im.size[0]
    ifd[IMAGELENGTH] = im.size[1]

    # write any arbitrary tags passed in as an ImageFileDirectory
    info = im.encoderinfo.get("tiffinfo",{})
    if Image.DEBUG:
        print ("Tiffinfo Keys: %s"% info.keys)
    keys = list(info.keys())
    for key in keys:
        ifd[key] = info.get(key)
        try:
            ifd.tagtype[key] = info.tagtype[key]
        except:
            pass # might not be an IFD, Might not have populated type


    # additions written by Greg Couch, gregc@cgl.ucsf.edu
    # inspired by image-sig posting from Kevin Cazabon, kcazabon@home.com
    if hasattr(im, 'tag'):
        # preserve tags from original TIFF image file
        for key in (RESOLUTION_UNIT, X_RESOLUTION, Y_RESOLUTION,
                    IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK, XMP):
            if key in im.tag:
                ifd[key] = im.tag[key]
            ifd.tagtype[key] = im.tag.tagtype.get(key, None)

        # preserve ICC profile (should also work when saving other formats
        # which support profiles as TIFF) -- 2008-06-06 Florian Hoech
        if "icc_profile" in im.info:
            ifd[ICCPROFILE] = im.info["icc_profile"]
            
    if "description" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[IMAGEDESCRIPTION] = im.encoderinfo["description"]
    if "resolution" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] \
                                = _cvt_res(im.encoderinfo["resolution"])
    if "x resolution" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(im.encoderinfo["x resolution"])
    if "y resolution" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(im.encoderinfo["y resolution"])
    if "resolution unit" in im.encoderinfo:
        unit = im.encoderinfo["resolution unit"]
        if unit == "inch":
            ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 2
        elif unit == "cm" or unit == "centimeter":
            ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 3
        else:
            ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 1
    if "software" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[SOFTWARE] = im.encoderinfo["software"]
    if "date time" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[DATE_TIME] = im.encoderinfo["date time"]
    if "artist" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[ARTIST] = im.encoderinfo["artist"]
    if "copyright" in im.encoderinfo:
        ifd[COPYRIGHT] = im.encoderinfo["copyright"]

    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
    if dpi:
        ifd[RESOLUTION_UNIT] = 2
        ifd[X_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(dpi[0])
        ifd[Y_RESOLUTION] = _cvt_res(dpi[1])

    if bits != (1,):
        ifd[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits
        if len(bits) != 1:
            ifd[SAMPLESPERPIXEL] = len(bits)
    if extra is not None:
        ifd[EXTRASAMPLES] = extra
    if format != 1:
        ifd[SAMPLEFORMAT] = format

    ifd[PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION] = photo

    if im.mode == "P":
        lut = im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L")
        ifd[COLORMAP] = tuple(i8(v) * 256 for v in lut)

    # data orientation
    stride = len(bits) * ((im.size[0]*bits[0]+7)//8)
    ifd[ROWSPERSTRIP] = im.size[1]
    ifd[STRIPBYTECOUNTS] = stride * im.size[1]
    ifd[STRIPOFFSETS] = 0 # this is adjusted by IFD writer
    ifd[COMPRESSION] = COMPRESSION_INFO_REV.get(compression,1) # no compression by default

    if libtiff:
        if Image.DEBUG:
            print ("Saving using libtiff encoder")
            print (ifd.items())
        _fp = 0
        if hasattr(fp, "fileno"):
            fp.seek(0)
            _fp = os.dup(fp.fileno())

        blocklist =  [STRIPOFFSETS, STRIPBYTECOUNTS, ROWSPERSTRIP, ICCPROFILE] # ICC Profile crashes.
        atts={}
        # bits per sample is a single short in the tiff directory, not a list. 
        atts[BITSPERSAMPLE] = bits[0]
        # Merge the ones that we have with (optional) more bits from
        # the original file, e.g x,y resolution so that we can
        # save(load('')) == original file.
        for k,v in itertools.chain(ifd.items(), getattr(im, 'ifd', {}).items()):
            if k not in atts and k not in blocklist:
                if type(v[0]) == tuple and len(v) > 1:
                    # A tuple of more than one rational tuples
                    # flatten to floats, following tiffcp.c->cpTag->TIFF_RATIONAL
                    atts[k] = [float(elt[0])/float(elt[1]) for elt in v]
                    continue
                if type(v[0]) == tuple and len(v) == 1:
                    # A tuple of one rational tuples
                    # flatten to floats, following tiffcp.c->cpTag->TIFF_RATIONAL
                    atts[k] = float(v[0][0])/float(v[0][1])
                    continue
                if type(v) == tuple and len(v) > 2:
                    # List of ints?
                    if type(v[0]) in (int, float):
                        atts[k] = list(v)
                    continue
                if type(v) == tuple and len(v) == 2:
                    # one rational tuple
                    # flatten to float, following tiffcp.c->cpTag->TIFF_RATIONAL
                    atts[k] = float(v[0])/float(v[1])
                    continue
                if type(v) == tuple and len(v) == 1:
                    v = v[0]
                    # drop through
                if isStringType(v):
                    atts[k] = bytes(v.encode('ascii', 'replace')) + b"\0"
                    continue
                else:
                    # int or similar
                    atts[k] = v

        if Image.DEBUG:
            print (atts)

        # libtiff always expects the bytes in native order.
        # we're storing image byte order. So, if the rawmode
        # contains I;16, we need to convert from native to image
        # byte order.
        if im.mode in ('I;16B', 'I;16'):
            rawmode = 'I;16N'

        a = (rawmode, compression, _fp, filename, atts)
        # print (im.mode, compression, a, im.encoderconfig)
        e = Image._getencoder(im.mode, 'libtiff', a, im.encoderconfig)
        e.setimage(im.im, (0,0)+im.size)
        while 1:
            l, s, d = e.encode(16*1024) # undone, change to self.decodermaxblock
            if not _fp:
                fp.write(d)
            if s:
                break
        if s < 0:
            raise IOError("encoder error %d when writing image file" % s)

    else:
        offset = ifd.save(fp)

        ImageFile._save(im, fp, [
            ("raw", (0,0)+im.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1))
            ])


    # -- helper for multi-page save --
    if "_debug_multipage" in im.encoderinfo:
        #just to access o32 and o16 (using correct byte order)
        im._debug_multipage = ifd

#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Register

Image.register_open("TIFF", TiffImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("TIFF", _save)

Image.register_extension("TIFF", ".tif")
Image.register_extension("TIFF", ".tiff")

Image.register_mime("TIFF", "image/tiff")