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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 | <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Usage</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../terminal.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Terminal Emulator"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Terminal Emulator"><link rel="prev" href="getting-started.html" title="Getting started"><link rel="next" href="preferences.html" title="Preferences"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Usage</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="getting-started.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="preferences.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1" title="Usage"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="usage"></a>Usage</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="To open and close terminals"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id408038"></a>To open and close terminals</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">To open a new terminal window:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>File</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Open
Terminal</strong></span> (or right-click the terminal window and choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Open Terminal</strong></span>).</p><p>The new terminal inherits the working directory from its parent
terminal.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To close a terminal window:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>File</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Close
Window</strong></span>.</p><p>This action closes the terminal and terminates any subprocesses that
you opened from the terminal. If you close the last terminal window, the
Terminal application exits.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To add a new tabbed terminal to a window:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>File</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Open
Tab</strong></span> (or right-click the terminal window and choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Open Tab</strong></span>).</p><p>The new terminal inherits the working directory from the
previously active terminal.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" title="To modify a terminal window"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id408152"></a>To modify a terminal window</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">To hide the menubar:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>View</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Show Menubar</strong></span> (or right-click the terminal window and choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Show Menubar</strong></span>).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To show a hidden menubar:</span></dt><dd><p>Right-click the terminal window and choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Show Menubar</strong></span>
from the popup menu.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To show or hide the toolbars:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>View</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Show Toolbars</strong></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To customize the toolbars:</span></dt><dd><p>Be sure to show the toolbars first; then choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Toolbars...</strong></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To show or hide the window decorations:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>View</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Show Window Borders</strong></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To put a terminal window into fullscreen</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>View</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Fullscreen</strong></span> from
the menubar (or right-click the terminal window and choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Fullscreen</strong></span>).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To change the appearance of the terminal window:</span></dt><dd><p>See <a class="xref" href="preferences.html" title="Preferences">the section called “Preferences”</a> for information about the options that you choose in
the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Terminal Preferences</strong></span> dialog to change the appearance and behaviour
of the terminal windows. For example, you can change the background color or the location of
the scrollbar.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" title="To work with the contents of terminal windows"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="usage_to-work-with-contents-of-terminal-windows"></a>To work with the contents of terminal windows</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">To scroll through previous commands and output:</span></dt><dd><p>
Perform one of the following actions:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>
Use the scrollbar, which is usually displayed on the right side
of each terminal window.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Press the <span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Page Up</strong></span>,
<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Page Down</strong></span>,
<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Up</strong></span>,
<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Down</strong></span>,
<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Home</strong></span>, or
<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>End</strong></span> keys.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Use the middle wheel button on your mouse if applicable
</p></li></ul></div><p>
Terminal mimics the FreeBSD console when <span class="keycap"><strong>Scroll Lock</strong></span> is pressed. When scroll lock is
active, ordinary input and output from the shell is suspended and you can scroll through
the history with <span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Page Up</strong></span> and
<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Page Down</strong></span> or using the optional
scrollbar. Press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>S</strong></span> to activate
the scroll lock and <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Q</strong></span> to disable
it afterwards.
</p><p>
The number of lines that you can scroll back in the terminal window is
determined by the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Scrollback</strong></span> setting in the <span class="guilabel"><strong>General</strong></span>
section of the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Terminal Preferences</strong></span> dialog.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To select and copy text:</span></dt><dd><p>You can select text in any of the following ways:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>To select a character at a time, click on the first character that you want to
select and drag the mouse to the last character that you want to select.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>To select a word at a time, double-click on the first word that you want to
select and drag the mouse to the last word that you want to select.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>To select a line at a time, triple-click on the first line that you want to
select and drag the mouse to the last line that you want to select.</p></li></ul></div><p>These actions select all text between the first and last items. For all text selections,
Terminal copies the selected text into the clipboard when you release the mouse button. To
explicitly copy the selected text, choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Copy</strong></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To paste text into a terminal:</span></dt><dd><p>If you previously copied text to the clipboard, you can paste the text into a
terminal by performing one of the following actions:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>To paste text that you copied by selection only, middle-click at the
command prompt. If you do not have a middle mouse button, refer to the X
Server documentation for information about how to emulate the middle mouse button.
This is equivalent to using the <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Paste Selection</strong></span>
item from <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span> menu.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>To paste text that you explicitly copied, choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Paste</strong></span>.</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">To drag a file name into a terminal window:</span></dt><dd><p>You can drag a file name to a terminal from another application such as a file manager or
a web browser. The terminal displays the path and the full name of the URI.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To access a hyperlink:</span></dt><dd><p>
To access a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that is displayed in a terminal window,
perform the following steps:
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Move the mouse over the URL until the URL is underlined.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Right-click on the URL to open the context menu.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Open Link</strong></span> from the context menu
to start your preferred Web Browser and display the file located
at the URL.
</p></li></ol></div></dd><dt><span class="term">To compose an email:</span></dt><dd><p>
To compose an email to an address that is displayed in a terminal window,
perform the following steps:
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Move the mouse over the email address until the email address is underlined.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Right-click on the email address to open the context menu.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Compose Email</strong></span> from the context menu
to compose an email in your preferred Mail Reader.
</p></li></ol></div></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" title="To change the terminal title"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="set-title"></a>To change the terminal title</h3></div></div></div><div class="screenshot"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/terminal-set-title.png" alt="Set title dialog"></div></div><p>To change the title of the currently displayed terminal, perform the following
three steps:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Terminal</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Set Title...</strong></span> or double-click the the terminal
tab header.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Type the new title in the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Title</strong></span> text box. Terminal applies
the change immediately.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click the button <span class="guilabel"><strong>Close</strong></span> or press the <span class="keycap"><strong>Return</strong></span>
key to close the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Set Title</strong></span> dialog.</p></li></ol></div><p>To reset the terminal title to its default behavior, perform the same three steps
as described above, but enter an empty title.</p><p>Terminal will substitute these tokens:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>%d : name of the current directory (short).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>%D : current directory (long).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>%w : window title set by shell.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>%# : the session id.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" title="To recover your terminal"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id408925"></a>To recover your terminal</h3></div></div></div><p>This section provides some advice if you have problems with terminals.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">To reset the state of the terminal:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Terminal</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Reset</strong></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">To reset the terminal and clear the terminal screen:</span></dt><dd><p>Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Terminal</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Reset and Clear</strong></span>.</p></dd></dl></div><p>
You can also use the shell commands <strong class="userinput"><code><span class="command"><strong>reset</strong></span></code></strong> and
<strong class="userinput"><code><span class="command"><strong>clear</strong></span></code></strong> to recover your terminal.
</p></div><div class="sect2" title="To customize the toolbars"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="customize-toolbars"></a>To customize the toolbars</h3></div></div></div><p>As already mentioned, Terminal includes support for customizable toolbars. The toolbars
are disabled by default, you will have to explicitly enable it. Choose
<span class="guimenu"><strong>View</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Show Toolbars</strong></span> from
the menubar to display the toolbars in the current window. If you want to permanently use
the toolbars, see <a class="xref" href="preferences.html#preferences-appearance" title="Appearance">the section called “Appearance”</a>.</p><p>Once the toolbars are shown, choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span> → <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Toolbars...</strong></span> from the menubar or right-click one of
the toolbars and choose <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Customize Toolbar...</strong></span> from
the context menu. This opens the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Toolbar Editor</strong></span> window, which allows you
to customize the toolbars in the current terminal window.</p><div class="screenshot"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/terminal-toolbars.png" alt="Customizing the toolbars"></div></div><p>Just drag an item from the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Toolbar Editor</strong></span> window and drop
it on a toolbar to add that item to the specific toolbar or drag an item from a toolbar
to the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Toolbar Editor</strong></span> to remove it from the toolbar. You can add
additional toolbars by clicking the button <span class="guibutton"><strong>Add a new toolbar</strong></span>
and remove toolbars by right-clicking the toolbar and selecting
<span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Remove Toolbar</strong></span> from the context
menu. You can also choose a different style for a toolbar from the context menu.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="To switch between different encodings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="luit"></a>To switch between different encodings</h3></div></div></div><p>Terminal itself does not (yet) include builtin support for switching encodings
on the fly in a terminal session. But since Terminal implements an UTF-8 mode, you
can use the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.pps.jussieu.fr/~jch/software/luit/" target="_top">Luit
application</a> to switch between different character encodings within a terminal
session.</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="getting-started.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="preferences.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Getting started </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Preferences</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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