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<html>
<head>
<title>Internationalization Support</title>
<link rev="made" href="mailto:VEF00200@nifty.ne.jp">
</head>
<body>
<a href="contents.html"><img src="images/xfig-title.png"
alt="XFIG Users Manual" border=0></a>
<hr>
<h1>Internationalization (Using Japanese, Korean, etc.)</h1>
<b>xfig 3.2.X</b> and <b>fig2dev 3.2.X</b> include code for internationalization,
and it is possible to put characters of Japanese
and some another languages in texts.
At now, it is known to worked under Japanese and Korean.
<p>
Additional informations about this may available at
<a href="http://member.nifty.ne.jp/tsato/xfig/">
<i>http://member.nifty.ne.jp/tsato/xfig/</i></a>.
Send any questions or comments about this internationalization facility to
<a href="mailto:VEF00200@nifty.ne.jp"><i>VEF00200@nifty.ne.jp (T.Sato)</i></a>.
<p>
<hr>
<ul>
<li><a href="#environment">Environment</a>
<li><a href="#install">Installation</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#install-xfig">Install <b>xfig</b></a>
<li><a href="#install-fig2dev">Install <b>fig2dev</b></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#startup">Startup</a>
<li><a href="#input-text">Entering Text</a>
<li><a href="#customize">Customization</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#screen-font">Changing Display Fonts</a>
<li><a href="#printer-font">Changing Fonts on PostScript Output</a>
<li><a href="#resource">Setting Resources</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#notes">Notes</a>
<li><a href="#worked">Tested Environments</a>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2><a name="environment">Environment</a></h2>
To use this internationalization facility, you must have following environment:
<p>
<ul>
<li>Library and X Server of X11R5 or X11R6.
<br>
(They must be appropriately internationalized and
they must be possible to connect to the <i>input method</i>.
Use of X11R6 is recommended.)
<p>
<li>Appropriate <i>conversion server</i>
(<b>Canna</b> or <b>Wnn</b>, for example),
and an <i>input method</i> (<b>kinput2</b> or <b>htt</b>, for example).
These facilities may be implemented as a single program.
<p>
<li>Fonts for the language (<tt>jiskan16</tt> for Japanese, for example)
</ul>
<h2><a name="install">Installation</a></h2>
<h3><a name="install-xfig">Install <b>xfig</b></a></h3>
<ol>
<li>Get <a href="installation.html"><b>xfig.3.2.5b.tar.gz</b></a>
and <i>gunzip</i> and <i>untar</i> it.
<p>
<li>Uncomment "<tt>#define I18N</tt>"
in <tt>xfig.3.2.5b/Imakefile</tt> (remove the <tt>XCOMM</tt> comment).
<p>
<li>If your C library supports the required locale,
remove <tt>-DSETLOCALE</tt> from the definition of <tt>I18N_DEFS</tt>
in the <tt>Imakefile</tt>.
If your C library doesn't support the required locale,
make sure that <tt>-DSETLOCALE</tt> is specified.
<p>
<li><a href="installation.html">Compile and install</a>
<b>xfig</b> in the usual way.
</ol>
<h3><a name="install-fig2dev">Install <b>fig2dev</b></a></h3>
<ol>
<li>Get <a href="installation.html"><b>transfig.3.2.5a.tar.gz</b></a>
and <i>gunzip</i> and <i>untar</i> it.
<p>
<li>Uncomment "<tt>#define I18N</tt>"
in <tt>transfig.3.2.5/fig2dev/Imakefile</tt> (remove the <tt>XCOMM</tt> comment).
<p>
<li>If you want to install files like <tt>japanese.ps</tt>
to a directory other than <tt>/usr/local/lib/fig2dev</tt>,
modify the definition of <tt>FIG2DEV_LIBDIR</tt> and <tt>I18N_DEV_DEFS</tt>
in the <tt>Imakefile</tt>.
<p>
<li><a href="installation.html">Compile and install</a>
<b>TransFig</b> (<b>fig2dev</b>) in the usual way.
</ol>
<h2><a name="startup">Startup</a></h2>
<ol>
<li>Set the locale name for the language to be used
(such as <tt>ja_JP.eucJP</tt> or <tt>ko_KR.eucKR</tt>, for example)
to the environment variable <tt>LANG</tt>.
<p>
<li>If it is necessary, set the environment variable <tt>XMODIFIERS</tt>
to specify the <i>input method</i> to be used.
<p>
<li>Make sure that the appropriate <i>conversion server</i>
(<b>Canna</b> or <b>Wnn</b>, for example)
and an <i>input method</i> (<b>kinput2</b> or <b>htt</b>, for example)
is available.
<p>
<li>Type "<kbd>xfig -international</kbd>".
<p>
Without the <tt>-international</tt> option,
<b>xfig</b> will work as normal (no internationalization).
If you put "<tt>Fig.international: true</tt>"
into your <a href="#resource">resource file</a>,
<tt>-international</tt> option may omitted.
<p>
<b>N.B.</b> If you run <b>fig2dev</b> standalone you must use the <tt>-j</tt> option
to enable internationalization.
</ol>
<h2><a name="input-text">Entering Text</a></h2>
Using this internationalization facility,
you may enter text in Japanese or some another languages
(henceforce, call "international text")
with the <a href="drawing.html#text">TEXT</a> facility.
When entering international text,
"<i>Times-Roman</i>" or "<i>Times-Bold</i>"
(may be displayed as "<i>Times-Roman + Mincho</i>"
and "<i>Times-Bold + Gothic</i>" in Japanese environment)
must be selected as <a href="attributes.html#text-font">TEXT FONT</a>.
<p>
Input of international text will be started
by typing a key to switch the input mode
when it is ready to input text from the keyboard
in <a href="drawing.html#text">TEXT</a> mode.
It depend on the environment as to which key will switch the input mode,
but keys such as <tt>Shift-SPACE</tt>, <tt>Control-SPACE</tt>,
<tt>Control-O</tt>, or <tt>Control-\</tt> may be used in many cases.
Operations for conversion also depend on the environment,
but will be the same as other applications which use the environment.
<p>
The <i>input style</i> may be selected from
<i>Off the Spot</i>, <i>Over the Spot</i>, and <i>Root</i>.
The <i>input style</i> to be used
may be selected with the <tt>inputStyle</tt> resource
or the <tt>-inputStyle</tt> option.
For example, <tt>xfig -international -inputStyle OverTheSpot</tt>
will select <i>Over the Spot</i> as the input style.
<p>
<dl>
<dt><b>Off the Spot</b>:
<dd>The text under conversion will be displayed at the bottom of the canvas.
<p>
<blockquote>
<img src="images/xim-off-the-spot.png" alt="[Input Style: Off-the-Spot]">
</blockquote>
<p>
<dt><b>Over the Spot</b>:
<dd>The text under conversion will be displayed at the position
where it will end up.
But the display may be somewhat strange
because it will be displayed with a different font.
Also, it may lead to somewhat unusual behavior,
or the display on the canvas may get confused.
<p>
<blockquote>
<img src="images/xim-over-the-spot.png" alt="[Input Style: Over-the-Spot]">
</blockquote>
<p>
<dt><b>Root</b>:
<dd>The text under conversion will displayed in a separate window.
<p>
<blockquote>
<img src="images/xim-root.png" alt="[Input Style: Root]">
</blockquote>
</dl>
<h2><a name="customize">Customization</a></h2>
<h3><a name="screen-font">Changing Display Fonts</a></h3>
By default, fonts to be used on the display (hardcoded in the program)
is very loosely specified so that those fonts can found on any systems:
<p>
<pre>
Fig.normalFontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-*-*-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-*-*-*-r-*--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
Fig.boldFontSet: -*-times-bold-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-*-*-bold-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-*-*-*-r-*--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
</pre>
<p>
With this default specification, non-desirable fonts may loaded
(bad appearance of texts or long delay when starting of <b>xfig</b>
may caused as the result, for example) on some systems.
In such case, you may need to specify those fonts more definitive
in the <a href="#resource">resource file</a> (<tt>app-defaults/Fig</tt>)
and force the system to load the specified font:
<p>
<pre>
Fig*FontSet: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
Fig.normalFontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
Fig.boldFontSet: -*-times-bold-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
</pre>
<p>
If scalable fonts are available
(when X server which support scalable fonts
like <a href="http://X-TT.dsl.gr.jp/index.html">X-TrueType Server</a>
is in use, for example)
appearance of text may improved by specifying large fonts, as:
<p>
<pre>
Fig*FontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-foobar-mincho-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
Fig.normalFontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-foobar-mincho-medium-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
Fig.boldFontSet: -*-times-bold-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
-foobar-gothic-medium-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
</pre>
<h3><a name="printer-font">Changing Fonts on PostScript Output</a></h3>
Fonts used when generating PostScript output are specified
in the files like <tt>japanese.ps</tt> in <b>fig2dev</b> package,
and it is possible to change them by modifying those files.
<h4>Japanese</h4>
By default, <tt>Ryumin-Light</tt> and <tt>GothicBBB-Medium</tt>
will used if they are available,
and <tt>HeiseiMin-W3</tt> and <tt>HeiseiKakuGo-W5</tt> otherwise.
<p>
Locale name can one of <tt>japanese</tt>, <tt>ja</tt>, <tt>ja_JP</tt>,
<tt>ja_JP.ujis</tt>, <tt>ja_JP.eucJP</tt> and <tt>ja_JP.EUC</tt>.
<h4>Korean</h4>
By default, <tt>Munhwa-Regular</tt> and <tt>MunhwaGothic-Bold</tt>
will used if they are available,
and <tt>HLaTeX-Myoungjo-Regular</tt> and <tt>HLaTeX-Gothic-Regular</tt> otherwise.
<p>
Locale name can one of <tt>korean</tt>, <tt>ko</tt>, <tt>ko_KR</tt>,
<tt>ko_KR.ujis</tt>, <tt>ko_KR.eucKR</tt> and <tt>ko_KR.EUC</tt>.
<h4>Another Languages</h4>
Because configuration file for languages other than Japanese and Korean
is not prepared,
you must make the file for the language and available fonts.
<p>
The file must installed into the directory
specified when <b>fig2dev</b> is installed.
The filename must locale name followed by "<tt>.ps</tt>".
For example, if locale name is <tt>zh_CN.eucCN</tt>,
the filename must <tt>zh_CN.eucCN.ps</tt>.
<h3><a name="resource">Setting Resources</a></h3>
X Window System has mechanism to load locale-specific resource file
to support internationalization (localization) of applications.
With this mechanism, it is possible to make suitable settings for the language
without specifying options when executing the application.
To make <b>xfig</b> works properly for multiple languages,
it may be necessary to make suitable settings using this mechanism.
<p>
In the default configuration of X11R6,
if there is a resource file like
<tt>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/<i>locale</i>/app-defaults/Fig</tt>
(here, <tt><i>locale</i></tt> is locale name or its "language part"),
it will be loaded instead of
<tt>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/Fig</tt>.
Therefore, if you wrote setting for Japanese environment in
<tt>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/ja/app-defaults/Fig</tt>,
the setting for Japanese environment will be used when
environment variable <tt>LANG</tt> is set to <tt>ja_JP.eucJP</tt> or so,
and default setting in <tt>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/Fig</tt>
will be used otherwise.
<h2><a name="notes">Notes</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>When entering international text, you must select
"<i>Times-Roman</i>" or "<i>Times-Bold</i>"
(may be displayed as "<i>Times-Roman + Mincho</i>"
and "<i>Times-Bold + Gothic</i>" in Japanese environment)
as the <a href="attributes.html#text-font">TEXT FONT</a>.
If any other font is selected,
<a href="drawing.html#compose-char">Latin-1 characters</a>
will be available as in normal <b>xfig</b>.
<p>
<li>It is not possible to edit international text
in the <a href="editing.html#edit-text-panel">Edit Panel</a>.
But it is possible to edit text on the canvas
in <a href="drawing.html#text">TEXT</a> mode.
<p>
<li>When specifying <tt>international</tt> resource,
you should specify as "<tt>Fig.international: true</tt>"
but not "<tt>Fig*international: true</tt>".
<p>
<li>Use EUC for encoding of multi-byte text.
You may need to set locale (environment variable <tt>LANG</tt>)
appropriately for your system.
On some systems, <tt>japanese</tt> may select non-EUC encoding.
<p>
<li>In Japanese environments,
text may include only ASCII and JIS-X-0208 characters.
If the environment supports it,
it may be possible to enter characters
of JIS-X-0201 <i>kana</i> characters
or JIS-X-0212 (supplement <i>kanji</i>),
but <b>fig2dev</b> will not accept those characters.
<p>
<li>Regrettably, making <b>xfig 3.2.X</b>'s Japanese entering feature
available may difficult on many X11R5 systems.
It is known to work on Japanese Solaris 2's OpenWindows and Solaris CDE,
but unknown about another X11R5-based systems.
</ul>
<h2><a name="worked">Tested Environments</a></h2>
At this time, <b>xfig</b>'s international facility
has been successfully worked on the following environments.
<h3>Japanese</h3>
<center>
<table border=1 width="90%">
<tr><th>Operating System <th>X <th>Input Method
<tr>
<tr><td>SunOS 4.1 <td>X11R6 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>Solaris 2.5 <td>X11R6 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>Solaris 2.5-2.6 <td>OpenWindows, CDE <td>htt, ATOK
<tr><td>HP-UX 10.20 <td>X11R6 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>IRIX 6.3* <td>X11R6 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>FreeBSD 2.2 <td>XFree86 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>Slackware Linux 3.1 <td>XFree86 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>RedHat Linux 4.2, 5.2 <td>XFree86 <td>kinput2
<tr><td>Debian GNU/Linux 2.x <td>XFree86 <td>kinput2, skkinput
</table>
</center>
<p>
<blockquote>
* On IRIX 6.3, you may need to compile <b>xfig</b>
with IRIX's genuine <tt>cc</tt> (not with <tt>gcc</tt>),
specifying compile option <tt>-N32 -mips3</tt>.
Also, you may need to get source of JPEG library and compile it yourself,
to avoid using JPEG library distributed with IRIX.
</blockquote>
<h3>Korean</h3>
<center>
<table border=1 width="90%">
<tr><th>Operating System <th>X <th>Input Method
<tr>
<tr><td>RedHat Linux 5.2, 6.0 <td>XFree86 <td>hanIM, ami
</table>
</center>
<p>
<dl>
<dt>SEE ALSO:
<dd><a href="http://pantheon.yale.edu/~jshin/faq/">Hangul and Internet in Korea FAQ</a><br>
<a href="http://nuclina.hoseo.ac.kr/ps/">Hangul and Printing</a>
</dl>
<p>
<hr>
[ <a href="contents.html">Contents</a> |
<a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a> |
<a href="authors.html">Credits</a> ]
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