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coding-style -
Debian Live Handbuch
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<meta name="dc.author" content="Debian Live Projekt <debian-live@lists.debian.org>" />
<meta name="dc.publisher" content="Debian Live Projekt <debian-live@lists.debian.org>" />
<meta name="dc.date" content="2011-12-04" />
<meta name="dc.rights" content="Copyright (C) 2006-2011 Debian Live Projekt;<br> License: Dieses Programm ist freie Software. Sie können es unter den Bedingungen der GNU General Public License, wie von der Free Software Foundation veröffentlicht, weitergeben und/oder modifizieren, entweder gemäss Version 3 der Lizenz oder (nach Ihrer Option) jeder späteren Version.<br><br>Die Veröffentlichung dieses Programms erfolgt in der Hoffnung, dass es Ihnen von Nutzen sein wird, aber OHNE IRGENDEINE GARANTIE, sogar ohne die implizite Garantie der MARKTREIFE oder der VERWENDBARKEIT FÜR EINEN BESTIMMTEN ZWECK. Details finden Sie in der GNU General Public License.<br><br>Sie sollten ein Exemplar der GNU General Public License zusammen mit diesem Programm erhalten haben. Falls nicht, siehe <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.<br><br>Der komplette Text der GNU General Public License kann in der Datei /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-3 gefunden werden." />
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<h1 class="tiny">
Debian Live Handbuch
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<h2 class="tiny">
Projekt
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<label class="ocn"><a name="624" href="#624" class="lnkocn">624</a></label>
<h1 class="norm" id="o624"><a name="624"></a>
14. Coding Style
</h1>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="625" href="#625" class="lnkocn">625</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o625">
This chapter documents the coding style used in <i>live-boot</i> and others.
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="626" href="#626" class="lnkocn">626</a></label>
<p class="bold" id="o626"><a name="626"></a> <a name="h14.1" id="h14.1"></a>
<a name="14.1" ></a><a name="h14.1" ></a>14.1 Compatibility
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="627" href="#627" class="lnkocn">627</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o627">
Don't use syntax or semantics that are unique to the Bash shell. For example, the use of array constructs.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="628" href="#628" class="lnkocn">628</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o628">
Only use the POSIX subset - for example, use $(foo) over `foo`.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="629" href="#629" class="lnkocn">629</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o629">
You can check your scripts with 'sh -n' and 'checkbashisms'.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="630" href="#630" class="lnkocn">630</a></label>
<p class="bold" id="o630"><a name="630"></a> <a name="h14.2" id="h14.2"></a>
<a name="14.2" ></a><a name="h14.2" ></a>14.2 Indenting
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="631" href="#631" class="lnkocn">631</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o631">
Always use tabs over spaces.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="632" href="#632" class="lnkocn">632</a></label>
<p class="bold" id="o632"><a name="632"></a> <a name="h14.3" id="h14.3"></a>
<a name="14.3" ></a><a name="h14.3" ></a>14.3 Wrapping
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="633" href="#633" class="lnkocn">633</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o633">
Generally, lines are 80 chars at maximum.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="634" href="#634" class="lnkocn">634</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o634">
Use the "Linux style" of line breaks:
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="635" href="#635" class="lnkocn">635</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o635">
Bad:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="636" href="#636" class="lnkocn">636</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o636">
if foo; then<br />
bar<br />
fi<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="637" href="#637" class="lnkocn">637</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o637">
Good:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="638" href="#638" class="lnkocn">638</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o638">
if foo<br />
then<br />
bar<br />
fi<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="639" href="#639" class="lnkocn">639</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o639">
The same holds for functions:
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="640" href="#640" class="lnkocn">640</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o640">
Bad:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="641" href="#641" class="lnkocn">641</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o641">
foo () {<br />
bar<br />
}<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="642" href="#642" class="lnkocn">642</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o642">
Good:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="643" href="#643" class="lnkocn">643</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o643">
foo ()<br />
{<br />
bar<br />
}<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="644" href="#644" class="lnkocn">644</a></label>
<p class="bold" id="o644"><a name="644"></a> <a name="h14.4" id="h14.4"></a>
<a name="14.4" ></a><a name="h14.4" ></a>14.4 Variables
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="645" href="#645" class="lnkocn">645</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o645">
Variables are always in capital letters.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="646" href="#646" class="lnkocn">646</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o646">
Variables that used in <tt>lb config</tt> always start with <tt>LB_</tt> prefix.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="647" href="#647" class="lnkocn">647</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o647">
Internal temporary variables in <i>live-build</i> should start with the <tt>_LB_</tt> prefix.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="648" href="#648" class="lnkocn">648</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o648">
Local variables start with <i>live-build</i> <tt>__LB_</tt> prefix.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="649" href="#649" class="lnkocn">649</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o649">
Variables in connection to a boot parameter in <i>live-config</i> start with <tt>LIVE_</tt>.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="650" href="#650" class="lnkocn">650</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o650">
All other variables in <i>live-config</i> start with <tt>_</tt> prefix.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="651" href="#651" class="lnkocn">651</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o651">
Use braces around variables; e.g. write <tt>${FOO}</tt> instead of <tt>$FOO</tt>.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="652" href="#652" class="lnkocn">652</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o652">
Always protect variables with quotes to respect potential whitespaces: write <tt>"${FOO}"</tt> not <tt>${FOO}</tt>.
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="653" href="#653" class="lnkocn">653</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o653">
For consistency reasons, always use quotes when assigning values to variables:
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="654" href="#654" class="lnkocn">654</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o654">
Bad:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="655" href="#655" class="lnkocn">655</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o655">
FOO=bar<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="656" href="#656" class="lnkocn">656</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o656">
Good:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="657" href="#657" class="lnkocn">657</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o657">
FOO="bar"<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="658" href="#658" class="lnkocn">658</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o658">
If multiple variables are used, quote the full expression:
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="659" href="#659" class="lnkocn">659</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o659">
Bad:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="660" href="#660" class="lnkocn">660</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o660">
if [ -f "${FOO}"/foo/"${BAR}"/bar ]<br />
then<br />
foobar<br />
fi<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="661" href="#661" class="lnkocn">661</a></label>
<p class="i0" id="o661">
Good:
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="662" href="#662" class="lnkocn">662</a></label>
<p class="code" id="o662">
if [ -f "${FOO}/foo/${BAR}/bar" ]<br />
then<br />
foobar<br />
fi<br /><br />
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="663" href="#663" class="lnkocn">663</a></label>
<p class="bold" id="o663"><a name="663"></a> <a name="h14.5" id="h14.5"></a>
<a name="14.5" ></a><a name="h14.5" ></a>14.5 Miscellaneous
</p>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="664" href="#664" class="lnkocn">664</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o664">
Use "<tt>|</tt>" (without the surround quotes) as a seperator in calls to sed, e.g. "<tt>sed -e 's|foo|bar|'</tt>" (without "").
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="665" href="#665" class="lnkocn">665</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o665">
Don't use the <tt>test</tt> command for comparisons or tests, use "<tt>[</tt>" "<tt>]</tt>" (without ""); e.g. "<tt>if [ -x /bin/foo ]; ...</tt>" and not "<tt>if test -x /bin/foo; ...</tt>".
</li>
</div><div class="substance">
<label class="ocn"><a name="666" href="#666" class="lnkocn">666</a></label>
<li class="bullet" id="o666">
Use <tt>case</tt> wherever possible over <tt>test</tt>, as it's easier to read and faster in execution.
</li>
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