/usr/share/doc/pspp/pspp.html/SET.html

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<a name="SET"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="SHOW.html#SHOW" accesskey="n" rel="next">SHOW</a>, Previous: <a href="PRESERVE-and-RESTORE.html#PRESERVE-and-RESTORE" accesskey="p" rel="prev">PRESERVE and RESTORE</a>, Up: <a href="Utilities.html#Utilities" accesskey="u" rel="up">Utilities</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<hr>
<a name="SET-1"></a>
<h3 class="section">16.20 SET</h3>
<a name="index-SET"></a>

<div class="display">
<pre class="display">SET

(data input)
        /BLANKS={SYSMIS,&rsquo;.&rsquo;,number}
        /DECIMAL={DOT,COMMA}
        /FORMAT=<var>fmt_spec</var>
        /EPOCH={AUTOMATIC,<var>year</var>}
        /RIB={NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX}
        /RRB={NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL}

(interaction)
        /MXERRS=<var>max_errs</var>
        /MXWARNS=<var>max_warnings</var>
        /WORKSPACE=<var>workspace_size</var>

(syntax execution)
        /LOCALE=&rsquo;<var>locale</var>&rsquo;
        /MEXPAND={ON,OFF}
        /MITERATE=<var>max_iterations</var>
        /MNEST=<var>max_nest</var>
        /MPRINT={ON,OFF}
        /MXLOOPS=<var>max_loops</var>
        /SEED={RANDOM,<var>seed_value</var>}
        /UNDEFINED={WARN,NOWARN}
        /FUZZBITS=<var>fuzzbits</var>

(data output)
        /CC{A,B,C,D,E}={&rsquo;<var>npre</var>,<var>pre</var>,<var>suf</var>,<var>nsuf</var>&rsquo;,&rsquo;<var>npre</var>.<var>pre</var>.<var>suf</var>.<var>nsuf</var>&rsquo;}
        /DECIMAL={DOT,COMMA}
        /FORMAT=<var>fmt_spec</var>
        /WIB={NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX}
        /WRB={NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL}

(output routing)
        /ERRORS={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
        /MESSAGES={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
        /PRINTBACK={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}
        /RESULTS={ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE}

(output driver options)
        /HEADERS={NO,YES,BLANK}
        /LENGTH={NONE,<var>n_lines</var>}
        /MORE={ON,OFF}
        /WIDTH={NARROW,WIDTH,<var>n_characters</var>}
        /TNUMBERS={VALUES,LABELS,BOTH}
        /TVARS={NAMES,LABELS,BOTH}

(logging)
        /JOURNAL={ON,OFF} [&rsquo;<var>file_name</var>&rsquo;]

(system files)
        /COMPRESSION={ON,OFF}
        /SCOMPRESSION={ON,OFF}

(miscellaneous)
        /SAFER=ON
        /LOCALE=&rsquo;<var>string</var>&rsquo;


(obsolete settings accepted for compatibility, but ignored)
        /BOXSTRING={&rsquo;<var>xxx</var>&rsquo;,&rsquo;<var>xxxxxxxxxxx</var>&rsquo;}
        /CASE={UPPER,UPLOW}
        /CPI=cpi_value
        /HIGHRES={ON,OFF}
        /HISTOGRAM=&rsquo;<var>c</var>&rsquo;
        /LOWRES={AUTO,ON,OFF}
        /LPI=<var>lpi_value</var>
        /MENUS={STANDARD,EXTENDED}
        /MXMEMORY=<var>max_memory</var>
        /SCRIPTTAB=&rsquo;c&rsquo;
        /TB1={&rsquo;<var>xxx</var>&rsquo;,&rsquo;<var>xxxxxxxxxxx</var>&rsquo;}
        /TBFONTS=&rsquo;<var>string</var>&rsquo;
        /XSORT={YES,NO}
</pre></div>

<p><code>SET</code> allows the user to adjust several parameters relating to
<small>PSPP</small>&rsquo;s execution.  Since there are many subcommands to this command, its
subcommands will be examined in groups.
</p>
<p>For subcommands that take boolean values, <code>ON</code> and <code>YES</code> are synonymous, 
as are <code>OFF</code> and <code>NO</code>, when used as subcommand values.
</p>
<p>The data input subcommands affect the way that data is read from data
files.  The data input subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>BLANKS</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-BLANKS"></a><p>This is the value assigned to an item data item that is empty or
contains only white space.  An argument of SYSMIS or &rsquo;.&rsquo; will cause the
system-missing value to be assigned to null items.  This is the
default.  Any real value may be assigned.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>DECIMAL</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-DECIMAL"></a><p>This value may be set to <code>DOT</code> or <code>COMMA</code>.
Setting it to <code>DOT</code> causes the decimal point character to be
&lsquo;<samp>.</samp>&rsquo; and the grouping character to be &lsquo;<samp>,</samp>&rsquo;.
Setting it to <code>COMMA</code>
causes the decimal point character to be &lsquo;<samp>,</samp>&rsquo; and the grouping
character to be &lsquo;<samp>.</samp>&rsquo;.
If the setting is <code>COMMA</code>, then &lsquo;<samp>,</samp>&rsquo; will not be treated
as a field separator in the <code>DATA LIST</code> command (see <a href="DATA-LIST.html#DATA-LIST">DATA LIST</a>).
The default value is determined from the system locale.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>FORMAT</dt>
<dd><p>Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified.  The
default is F8.2.  See <a href="Input-and-Output-Formats.html#Input-and-Output-Formats">Input and Output Formats</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>EPOCH</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-EPOCH"></a><p>Specifies the range of years used when a 2-digit year is read from a
data file or used in a date construction expression (see <a href="Date-Construction.html#Date-Construction">Date Construction</a>).  If a 4-digit year is specified for the epoch, then
2-digit years are interpreted starting from that year, known as the
epoch.  If <code>AUTOMATIC</code> (the default) is specified, then the epoch begins
69 years before the current date.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>RIB</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-RIB"></a>
<p><small>PSPP</small> extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for reading
data in IB or PIB format (see <a href="Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats.html#Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats">Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats</a>).  In <code>MSBFIRST</code> ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
the left end of a IB or PIB field.  In <code>LSBFIRST</code> ordering, the
least-significant byte appears at the left end.  <code>VAX</code> ordering is like
<code>MSBFIRST</code>, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order.  <code>NATIVE</code>,
the default, is equivalent to <code>MSBFIRST</code> or <code>LSBFIRST</code> depending on the
native format of the machine running <small>PSPP</small>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>RRB</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-RRB"></a>
<p><small>PSPP</small> extension to set the floating-point format used for reading data in
RB format (see <a href="Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats.html#Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats">Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats</a>).  The
possibilities are:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>NATIVE</dt>
<dd><p>The native format of the machine running <small>PSPP</small>.  Equivalent to either IDL
or IDB.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>ISL</dt>
<dd><p>32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>ISB</dt>
<dd><p>32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>IDL</dt>
<dd><p>64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>IDB</dt>
<dd><p>64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>VF</dt>
<dd><p>32-bit VAX F format, in VAX-endian byte order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>VD</dt>
<dd><p>64-bit VAX D format, in VAX-endian byte order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>VG</dt>
<dd><p>64-bit VAX G format, in VAX-endian byte order.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>ZS</dt>
<dd><p>32-bit IBM Z architecture short format hexadecimal floating point, in
big-endian byte order.  
</p>
</dd>
<dt>ZL</dt>
<dd><p>64-bit IBM Z architecture long format hexadecimal floating point, in
big-endian byte order.
</p>
<p>Z architecture also supports IEEE 754 floating point.  The ZS and ZL
formats are only for use with very old input files.
</p></dd>
</dl>
<p>The default is NATIVE.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>Interaction subcommands affect the way that <small>PSPP</small> interacts with an
online user.  The interaction subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>MXERRS</dt>
<dd><p>The maximum number of errors before <small>PSPP</small> halts processing of the current
command file.  The default is 50.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>MXWARNS</dt>
<dd><p>The maximum number of warnings + errors before <small>PSPP</small> halts processing the
current command file.  
The special value of zero means that all warning situations should be ignored.
No warnings will be issued, except a single initial warning advising the user
that warnings will not be given.
The default value is 100.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>Syntax execution subcommands control the way that <small>PSPP</small> commands
execute.  The syntax execution subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>LOCALE</dt>
<dd><p>Overrides the system locale for the purpose of reading and writing
syntax and data files.  The argument should be a locale name in the
general form <code><var>language</var>_<var>country</var>.<var>encoding</var></code>, where <var>language</var>
and <var>country</var> are 2-character language and country abbreviations,
respectively, and <var>encoding</var> is an <acronym>IANA</acronym> character set name.
Example locales are <code>en_US.UTF-8</code> (UTF-8 encoded English as
spoken in the United States) and <code>ja_JP.EUC-JP</code> (EUC-JP encoded
Japanese as spoken in Japan).
</p>
</dd>
<dt>MEXPAND</dt>
<dt>MITERATE</dt>
<dt>MNEST</dt>
<dt>MPRINT</dt>
<dd><p>Currently not used.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>MXLOOPS</dt>
<dd><p>The maximum number of iterations for an uncontrolled loop (see <a href="LOOP.html#LOOP">LOOP</a>).
The default <var>max_loops</var> is 40.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>SEED</dt>
<dd><p>The initial pseudo-random number seed.  Set to a real number or to
RANDOM, which will obtain an initial seed from the current time of day.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>UNDEFINED</dt>
<dd><p>Currently not used.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>FUZZBITS</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-FUZZBITS"></a><p>The maximum number of bits of errors in the least-significant places
to accept for rounding up a value that is almost halfway between two
possibilities for rounding with the RND operator (see <a href="Miscellaneous-Mathematics.html#Miscellaneous-Mathematics">Miscellaneous Mathematics</a>).  The default <var>fuzzbits</var> is 6.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>WORKSPACE</dt>
<dd><p>The maximum amount of memory (in kilobytes) that <small>PSPP</small> will use to store data being processed.
If memory in excess of the workspace size is required, then <small>PSPP</small> will start
to use temporary files to store the data.
Setting a higher value will, in general, mean procedures will run faster, 
but may cause other applications to run slower.
On platforms without virtual memory management, setting a very large workspace
may cause <small>PSPP</small> to abort.
<a name="index-workspace"></a>
<a name="index-memory_002c-amount-used-to-store-cases"></a>
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>Data output subcommands affect the format of output data.  These
subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>CCA</dt>
<dt>CCB</dt>
<dt>CCC</dt>
<dt>CCD</dt>
<dt>CCE</dt>
<dd><a name="CCx-Settings"></a>
<p>Set up custom currency formats.  See <a href="Custom-Currency-Formats.html#Custom-Currency-Formats">Custom Currency Formats</a>, for
details.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>DECIMAL</dt>
<dd><p>The default <code>DOT</code> setting causes the decimal point character to be
&lsquo;<samp>.</samp>&rsquo;.  A setting of <code>COMMA</code> causes the decimal point character to be
&lsquo;<samp>,</samp>&rsquo;.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>FORMAT</dt>
<dd><p>Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified.  The
default is F8.2.  See <a href="Input-and-Output-Formats.html#Input-and-Output-Formats">Input and Output Formats</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>WIB</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-WIB"></a>
<p><small>PSPP</small> extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for writing
data in IB or PIB format (see <a href="Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats.html#Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats">Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats</a>).  In <code>MSBFIRST</code> ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
the left end of a IB or PIB field.  In <code>LSBFIRST</code> ordering, the
least-significant byte appears at the left end.  <code>VAX</code> ordering is like
<code>MSBFIRST</code>, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order.  <code>NATIVE</code>,
the default, is equivalent to <code>MSBFIRST</code> or <code>LSBFIRST</code> depending on the
native format of the machine running <small>PSPP</small>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>WRB</dt>
<dd><a name="SET-WRB"></a>
<p><small>PSPP</small> extension to set the floating-point format used for writing data in
RB format (see <a href="Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats.html#Binary-and-Hexadecimal-Numeric-Formats">Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats</a>).  The choices
are the same as <code>SET RIB</code>.  The default is <code>NATIVE</code>.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>In the <small>PSPP</small> text-based interface, the output routing subcommands
affect where output is sent.  The following values are allowed for
each of these subcommands:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>OFF</dt>
<dt>NONE</dt>
<dd><p>Discard this kind of output.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>TERMINAL</dt>
<dd><p>Write this output to the terminal, but not to listing files and other
output devices.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>LISTING</dt>
<dd><p>Write this output to listing files and other output devices, but not
to the terminal.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>ON</dt>
<dt>BOTH</dt>
<dd><p>Write this type of output to all output devices.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>These output routing subcommands are:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>ERRORS</dt>
<dd><p>Applies to error and warning messages.  The default is <code>BOTH</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>MESSAGES</dt>
<dd><p>Applies to notes.  The default is <code>BOTH</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>PRINTBACK</dt>
<dd><p>Determines whether the syntax used for input is printed back as part
of the output.  The default is <code>NONE</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>RESULTS</dt>
<dd><p>Applies to everything not in one of the above categories, such as the
results of statistical procedures.  The default is <code>BOTH</code>.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>These subcommands have no effect on output in the <small>PSPP</small> GUI
environment.
</p>
<p>Output driver option subcommands affect output drivers&rsquo; settings.  These
subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>HEADERS</dt>
<dt>LENGTH</dt>
<dt>MORE</dt>
<dt>WIDTH</dt>
<dt>TNUMBERS</dt>
<dd><p>The <code>TNUMBERS</code> option sets the way in which values are displayed in output tables.
The valid settings are <code>VALUES</code>, <code>LABELS</code> and <code>BOTH</code>.
If <code>TNUMBERS</code> is set to <code>VALUES</code>, then all values are displayed with their literal value 
(which for a numeric value is a number and for a string value an alphanumeric string).
If <code>TNUMBERS</code> is set to <code>LABELS</code>, then values are displayed using their assigned labels if any.
(See <a href="VALUE-LABELS.html#VALUE-LABELS">VALUE LABELS</a>.)
If the a value has no label, then it will be displayed using its literal value.
If <code>TNUMBERS</code> is set to <code>BOTH</code>, then values will be displayed with both their label
(if any) and their literal value in parentheses.
</p></dd>
<dt>TVARS</dt>
<dd><p>The <code>TVARS</code> option sets the way in which variables are displayed in output tables.
The valid settings are <code>NAMES</code>, <code>LABELS</code> and <code>BOTH</code>.
If <code>TVARS</code> is set to <code>NAMES</code>, then all variables are displayed using their names.
If <code>TVARS</code> is set to <code>LABELS</code>, then variables are displayed using their label if one
has been set.  If no label has been set, then the name will be used.
(See <a href="VARIABLE-LABELS.html#VARIABLE-LABELS">VARIABLE LABELS</a>.)
If <code>TVARS</code> is set to <code>BOTH</code>, then variables will be displayed with both their label
(if any) and their name in parentheses.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<a name="index-headers"></a>
<a name="index-length"></a>
<a name="index-more"></a>
<a name="index-pager"></a>
<a name="index-width"></a>
<a name="index-tnumbers"></a>


<p>Logging subcommands affect logging of commands executed to external
files.  These subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>JOURNAL</dt>
<dt>LOG</dt>
<dd><p>These subcommands, which are synonyms, control the journal.  The
default is <code>ON</code>, which causes commands entered interactively to be
written to the journal file.  Commands included from syntax files that
are included interactively and error messages printed by <small>PSPP</small> are also
written to the journal file, prefixed by &lsquo;<samp>&gt;</samp>&rsquo;.  <code>OFF</code> disables use
of the journal.
</p>
<p>The journal is named <samp>pspp.jnl</samp> by default.  A different name may
be specified.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>System file subcommands affect the default format of system files
produced by <small>PSPP</small>.  These subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>COMPRESSION</dt>
<dd><p>Not currently used.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>SCOMPRESSION</dt>
<dd><p>Whether system files created by <code>SAVE</code> or <code>XSAVE</code> are
compressed by default.  The default is <code>ON</code>.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>Security subcommands affect the operations that commands are allowed to
perform.  The security subcommands are
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt>SAFER</dt>
<dd><p>Setting this option disables the following operations:
</p>
<ul>
<li> The <code>ERASE</code> command.
</li><li> The <code>HOST</code> command.
</li><li> The <code>PERMISSIONS</code> command.
</li><li> Pipes (file names beginning or ending with &lsquo;<samp>|</samp>&rsquo;).
</li></ul>

<p>Be aware that this setting does not guarantee safety (commands can still
overwrite files, for instance) but it is an improvement.
When set, this setting cannot be reset during the same session, for
obvious security reasons.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>LOCALE</dt>
<dd><a name="index-locale"></a>
<a name="index-encoding_002c-characters"></a>
<p>This item is used to set the default character encoding.
The encoding may be specified either as an encoding name or alias
(see <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets</a>), or
as a locale name.
If given as a locale name, only the character encoding of the 
locale is relevant.
</p>
<p>System files written by <small>PSPP</small> will use this encoding.
System files read by <small>PSPP</small>, for which the encoding is unknown, will be
interpreted using this encoding.
</p>
<p>The full list of valid encodings and locale names/alias are operating system
dependent.
The following are all examples of acceptable syntax on common GNU/Linux
systems.
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">SET LOCALE='iso-8859-1'.

SET LOCALE='ru_RU.cp1251'.

SET LOCALE='japanese'.
</pre></div>

<p>Contrary to intuition, this command does not affect any aspect 
of the system&rsquo;s locale.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<hr>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="SHOW.html#SHOW" accesskey="n" rel="next">SHOW</a>, Previous: <a href="PRESERVE-and-RESTORE.html#PRESERVE-and-RESTORE" accesskey="p" rel="prev">PRESERVE and RESTORE</a>, Up: <a href="Utilities.html#Utilities" accesskey="u" rel="up">Utilities</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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