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<a name="Preparation-of-Data-Files"></a>
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<p>
Next: <a href="Data-Screening-and-Transformation.html#Data-Screening-and-Transformation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Data Screening and Transformation</a>, Up: <a href="Using-PSPP.html#Using-PSPP" accesskey="u" rel="up">Using PSPP</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<hr>
<a name="Preparation-of-Data-Files-1"></a>
<h3 class="section">5.1 Preparation of Data Files</h3>
<p>Before analysis can commence, the data must be loaded into <small>PSPP</small> and
arranged such that both <small>PSPP</small> and humans can understand what
the data represents.
There are two aspects of data:
</p>
<ul>
<li> The variables — these are the parameters of a quantity
which has been measured or estimated in some way.
For example height, weight and geographic location are all variables.
</li><li> The observations (also called ‘cases’) of the variables —
each observation represents an instance when the variables were measured
or observed.
</li></ul>
<p>For example, a data set which has the variables <var>height</var>, <var>weight</var>, and
<var>name</var>, might have the observations:
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">1881 89.2 Ahmed
1192 107.01 Frank
1230 67 Julie
</pre></div>
<p>The following sections explain how to define a dataset.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Defining-Variables.html#Defining-Variables" accesskey="1">Defining Variables</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Listing-the-data.html#Listing-the-data" accesskey="2">Listing the data</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Reading-data-from-a-text-file.html#Reading-data-from-a-text-file" accesskey="3">Reading data from a text file</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Reading-data-from-a-pre_002dprepared-PSPP-file.html#Reading-data-from-a-pre_002dprepared-PSPP-file" accesskey="4">Reading data from a pre-prepared PSPP file</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Saving-data-to-a-PSPP-file_002e.html#Saving-data-to-a-PSPP-file_002e" accesskey="5">Saving data to a PSPP file.</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Reading-data-from-other-sources.html#Reading-data-from-other-sources" accesskey="6">Reading data from other sources</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Exiting-PSPP.html#Exiting-PSPP" accesskey="7">Exiting PSPP</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
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