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* @(#)MidiScheduler.h 3.00 10 November 2001
*
* Copyright (c) 2000 Pete Goodliffe (pete@cthree.org)
*
* This file is part of TSE3 - the Trax Sequencer Engine version 3.00.
*
* This library is modifiable/redistributable under the terms of the GNU
* General Public License.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*
*/
#ifndef TSE3_SCHEDULER_H
#define TSE3_SCHEDULER_H
#include "tse3/listen/MidiScheduler.h"
#include "tse3/Notifier.h"
#include "tse3/Midi.h"
#include "tse3/util/MulDiv.h"
#include <cstddef>
#include <vector>
namespace TSE3
{
/**
* This class will generate an appropriate @ref MidiScheduler for the
* current platform. It provides a measure of platform indepenance in the
* generation of @ref MidiSchedulers.
*
* To create a portable and maintainable TSE3 application, do not directly
* instantiate a particular MidiScheduler, use the MidiSchedulerFactory.
*
* @short MidiScheduler class factory
* @author Pete Goodliffe
* @version 3.00
*/
class MidiSchedulerFactory
{
public:
/**
* Creates a MidiSchedulerFactory object.
*
* You can specify whether or not the factory can return a
* @ref NullMidiScheduler in the case of no appropriate platform
* MidiScheduler being available.
*
* @param canReturnNull true if the factory can return a
* NullMidiScheduler in the worst case
*/
MidiSchedulerFactory(bool canReturnNull = false);
virtual ~MidiSchedulerFactory();
/**
* Create the most appropriate (for some definition of appropriate
* given by the version of the MidiSchedulerFactory class)
* @ref MidiScheduler object.
*
* The @ref MidiScheduler is created with new; it is your
* responsibility to ensure it is deleted.
*
* @return New appropriate @ref MidiScheduler object
*/
MidiScheduler *createScheduler();
private:
MidiSchedulerFactory &operator=(const MidiSchedulerFactory &);
MidiSchedulerFactory(const MidiSchedulerFactory &);
bool _canReturnNull;
};
/**
* The MidiScheduler provides the interface to the MIDI system (be it
* a software or hardware driver). On top of this it implements a timed
* stream for reception and transmission of MidiEvents.
*
* This is the TSE3 platform independant interface to the underlying
* MIDI hardware. (In fact, it might not even be hardware, this could
* be the interface to a software synth).
*
* To create a MidiScheduler you will need to use an object derived from
* this class. The @ref MidiSchedulerFactory classes help you to create
* this.
*
* @sect Ports
*
* The interface provides a number of MIDI "ports" (which may be added to
* or removed at run time, depending on the type of system TSE3 is running
* on).
*
* These ports are referenced by a unique number. You read or write data
* from/to ports via the @ref MidiEvent data type. The MidiEvent has a
* "port" number field which identifies which port the command is destined
* for.
*
* As well as having numbers, the API allows you read a port name. You
* can also set a "preferred" name for each port. This allows the user to
* give a more useful name to the port (perhaps for use in a GUI).
*
* Port numbers are not necessarily contiguous and can have any value -
* this will depend on the phyiscal MIDI device in use. In order to find
* out what port numbers are in use use the following APIs:
* @li @ref MidiScheduler::numPorts()
* @li @ref MidiScheduler::portNumbers()
*
* Note that there are two reserved special port numbers:
* @li @ref MidiCommand::NoPort - Commands addressed here disappear
* @li @ref MidiCommand::AllPorts - Commands addressed here go to every
* port in the system.
*
* @sect Time
*
* As well as managing the MIDI ports, the MidiScheduler looks after a
* clock that it used to schedule delivery of these events. The API
* allows you to start/stop/move the time line, as well as set the clock's
* tempo.
*
* The MidiScheduler can notify back to its clients if the timestream has
* moved, or been started/stopped by a device on the MIDI connection.
*
* If the timestream is 'stopped' the MidiScheduler class will still
* remember a 'current' clock value, informally known as the 'resting
* clock'. When you ask for the time (see @ref MidiScheduler::clock)
* you will be given this 'resting clock'.
*
* @sect Remote control
*
* Additionally, the MidiScheduler provides a MIDI remote control facility,
* where certain MIDI notes can trigger transport start/stop.
*
* The keys that are set to be "remote controls" will not be passed up
* through the API in a @ref MidiEvent if remote control is enabled.
*
* If you switch this facility on, you have to bear in mind that the only
* time the MidiScheduler gets a chance to investigate the input note
* stream is as you consume events from it. (For simplicity it doesn't
* have a clever background thread implementation).
*
* Therefore, read events from the MidiScheduler in a timely manner.
*
* @sect That's all folks
*
* The MidiScheduler class does not incorporate a lot of other fancy
* utilities, like channel/port remapping, for example. Higher level TSE3
* components do this, for example the @ref MidiMapper class. The
* @ref Transport class ties this all together.
*
* @sect Implementing a MidiScheduler
*
* If you are porting TSE3 to another platform, you will need to
* implement this MidiScheduler interface. It uses the template method
* pattern (GoF book) - you have to implement a few member functions
* and the base MidiScheduler class looks after most of the logic.
*
* These template methods are in the protected section near the end and
* are all pretty easy to understand.
*
* @short A MIDI interface providing scheduling facilities
* @author Pete Goodliffe
* @version 3.01
* @see MidiEvent
*/
class MidiScheduler : public Notifier<MidiSchedulerListener>
{
public:
MidiScheduler();
/**
* If the MidiScheduler is running, it will be stopped.
*/
virtual ~MidiScheduler();
/**
* Returns a string describing the particular implementation
* of the MidiScheduler interface.
*
* @return Implementation name string
*/
const char *implementationName() const
{
return this->impl_implementationName();
}
/******************************************************************
* Finding out about the MIDI ports
*****************************************************************/
/**
* Returns the number of port addressable by this MidiScheduler.
* If this changes at any point the
* @ref MidiSchedulerListener::MidiScheduler_Ports event
* is raised.
*
* When a port is created it is assigned a "number" - this could
* be any positive integer. This is its permanent reference ID.
* It is the port number that is specified in the @ref MidiCommand
* or @ref MidiEvent.
*
* @return Number of MIDI ports this MidiScheduler provides
*/
size_t numPorts() const { return _portNumbers.size(); }
/**
* Returns whether the specified port number is valid.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return true if there is currently a port with that number
*/
bool validPort(int port) const;
/**
* Returns the "index"th port, if they were held in a list. So,
* to get the first port number set index to 0, for the seonc
* give index 1, and so on.
*
* If you specify a value of @ref numPorts or above, the result
* is undefined.
*
* @param index value
* @return Port number with specified index
* @see numPorts
* @see portNumbers
* @see numberToIndex
*/
int portNumber(size_t index) const
{
return _portNumbers[index].first;
}
/**
* Converts a port number to an index. This is the reverse
* operation of @ref portNumber.
*
* If the port number is not valid, this will return zero.
*
* @param number Port number
* @return "Index" of this port
* @see portNumber
*/
size_t numberToIndex(int number) const;
/**
* Empties the contents of the supplied @ref std::vector,
* and inserts into it every available port number.
*
* @param numbers std::vector which is given the current MIDI
* port numbers
*/
void portNumbers(std::vector<int> &numbers) const;
/**
* Returns a string describing the port with the given number.
*
* If the port number is invalid the port name will be a
* suitable "invalid" string, not a zero pointer.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return Port name string
*/
const char *portName(int port) const;
/**
* Returns a string describing the type of the port with the given
* number.
*
* If the port number is invalid the port name will be a
* suitable "invalid" string, not a zero pointer.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return Port type string
*/
const char *portType(int port) const;
/**
* Returns whether or not the port is readable. If this function
* returns false, then you will never receive an event from
* @ref rx from this port.
*
* If the port number is invalid, this will return false.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return Whether @ref MidiEvent objects are readable from this
* port
* @see portWritable
*/
bool portReadable(int port) const;
/**
* Returns whether or not the port is writeable. If this function
* returns false, then you can't send @ref MidiEvent objects out
* via this port (with @ref tx). If you specify this port number
* in a @ref MidiEvent given to @ref tx, the @ref MidiEvent will
* be ignored.
*
* If the port number is invalid, this will return false.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return Whether @ref MidiEvent objects are readable from this
* port
* @see portReadable
*/
bool portWriteable(int port) const;
/**
* Returns whether or not the port is "internal". If this function
* returns false, then @ref MidiEvent objects sent here will be
* transmitted vai MIDI to an external device.
*
* If the port number is invalid, this will return false.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return Whether the port connects to an internal or external
* MIDI device.
* @see defaultInternalPort
* @see defaultExternalPort
*/
bool portInternal(int port) const;
/**
* Returns a "default" internal port number. If you don't know
* which internal port to use, choose this one! If there are no
* internal ports, this returns @ref MidiCommand::NoPort.
*
* (The default internal port will in fact be the first registered
* internal port from the platform implementation of MidiScheduler).
*
* @return Default internal port, or @ref MidiCommand::NoPort
* @see defaultExternalPort
*/
int defaultInternalPort() const;
/**
* Returns a "default" external port number. If you don't know
* which external port to use, choose this one! If there are no
* external ports, this returns @ref MidiCommand::NoPort.
*
* (The default external port will in fact be the first registered
* external port from the platform implementation of MidiScheduler).
*
* @return Default external port, or @ref MidiCommand::NoPort
* @see defaultInternalPort
*/
int defaultExternalPort() const;
/******************************************************************
* Manipulating the clock
*****************************************************************/
/**
* Start the scheduler clock running, set to the given time.
*
* @param startTime The time to start the scheduler at
*/
void start(Clock startTime) { this->impl_start(startTime); }
/**
* Start the scheduler clock at the current 'resting time' (as
* set by a call to @ref stop).
*/
void start() { this->impl_start(_restingClock); }
/**
* Stop the scheduler clock and flush the Tx buffer instantaneously.
* The stopTime is remembered as a 'resting time' and subsequent
* calls to @ref clock will return this value.
*
* @param stopTime The time at which to stop (-1 means immediately)
*/
void stop(Clock stopTime = -1);
/**
* Enquire whether the scheduler clock is running.
*
* @return Whether the clock is running
*/
bool running() const { return _running; }
/**
* Without stopping, move the scheduler clock to the given time
* newTime at time moveTime. Any further calls to clock()
* after this will return times in the new time line.
*
* If the scheduler is not running, this just sets the
* 'resting time'.
*
* @param moveTime Time at which to perform the move
* @param newTime Time to move to
*/
void moveTo(Clock moveTime, Clock newTime);
/**
* Without stopping, move the scheduler clock immediately.
*
* @param moveTime Time to move to
*/
void moveTo(Clock moveTime) { moveTo(clock(), moveTime); }
/**
* Read the scheduler clock.
*
* This works whether the scheduler is running or not. If it has
* been stopped then it returns the time the scheduler was stopped
* at (or has since been moved to) - the 'resting time'.
*
* @return MidiScheduler time value
*/
Clock clock()
{
return _running ? this->impl_clock() : _restingClock; }
/**
* Read the scheduler clock in milliseconds.
*
* @return MidiScheduler time value in milliseconds
*/
int msecs() { return this->impl_msecs(); }
/**
* Read the tempo.
*
* @return Current tempo
* @see setTempo
*/
int tempo() const { return _tempo; }
/**
* Set the tempo.
*
* @param newTempo The new tempo value in beats per
* minute (1-256)
* @param changeTime Only used if the scheduler is running to
* indicate when the tempo change occurs. Any
* further calls to clock() before changeTime
* will return bogus values, as they will be in
* the new tempo's time scale.
* @see clock
* @see tempo
*/
void setTempo(int newTempo, Clock changeTime)
{
if (newTempo >= 0)
{
this->impl_setTempo(newTempo, changeTime);
_tempo = newTempo;
}
}
/******************************************************************
* Transmitting and receiving commands
*****************************************************************/
/**
* Enquire whether there is any data in the input buffer.
*
* This function will return true if there has been any input
* from any of the readable MIDI ports that you haven't yet read.
*
* @return Whether there is any input data ready to be processed
*/
bool eventWaiting() { return this->impl_eventWaiting(); }
/**
* Return and remove a @ref MidiEvent from scheduler receive
* buffer.
*
* Note that it is possible for this function to return a
* @ref MidiEvent with MidiCommand_Invalid status. All TSE3 classes
* must be able to cope with these events flying around.
*
* If there is no event waiting (see @ref eventWaiting()) then
* this API will return an invalid @ref MidiEvent.
*
* @return A MidiEvent containing the data. If the status of
* the MidiCommand is zero, there wasn't a whole
* MidiCommand in the buffer.
*/
MidiEvent rx();
/**
* Transmit a @ref MidiCommand immediately.
*
* This bypasses every other scheduled @ref MidiEvent and
* is sent to the hardware before them.
*
* @param mc The MidiCommand to transmit
*/
void tx(MidiCommand mc);
/**
* Adds an event to scheduler transmit buffer, to be transmitted at
* the appropriate time.
*
* Events must be given to this method <b>in time order</b>. This
* is regardless of what port it is destined for.
*
* <b>Note:</b> if this is a @ref MidiCommand_NoteOn, then the
* matching MidiCommand_NoteOff part of the @ref MidiEvent is
* ignored, you have to schedule that separately.
*
* If the clock is not running, the event will not be scheduled
* and will just be ignored.
*
* @param event @ref MidiEvent to schedule to transmission
*/
void tx(MidiEvent event);
/*
* Transmit a MIDI "system exclusive" data section immeditately.
* The data is prepended by a MidiSystem_SysExStart status byte,
* and followed by a MidiSystem_SysExEnd status byte. You don't
* have to include these in your parameters.
*
* Although you use this method to send sysex data, you receive
* it through the normal rx mechanism; you will receive a
* @ref MidiEvent with a @ref MidiSystem_SysExStart status byte,
* and the first data byte (in data1). Subsequent data
* bytes are received as MidiEvents with this same status byte. The
* sysex data end is denoted by a @ref MidiEvent with the
* @ref MidiSystem_SysExEnd status byte.
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @param data A buffer containing the sysex data to send
* @param size The number of bytes in the @p data buffer
*/
void txSysEx(int port, const unsigned char *data, size_t size);
/******************************************************************
* Remote control
*****************************************************************/
/**
* Read the remote control status.
*
* @return true if remote control enabled, false if disabled
* @see setRemoteControl
*/
bool remoteControl() const { return _remote; }
/**
* Sets the remote control status.
*
* @param s New remote control status
* @see remoteControl
*/
void setRemoteControl(bool s) { _remote = s; }
bool consumeRemoveEvents() const { return _consumeRemote; }
/**
* Returns the start note. When pressed this note will cause the
* scheduler to start.
*
* @return Start note
* @see setStartNote
*/
unsigned int startNote() const { return _startNote; }
/**
* Sets the start note.
*
* @param n New start note
* @see startNote
*/
void setStartNote(unsigned int n) { _startNote = n; }
/**
* Returns the stop note. When pushed with the shift note held down,
* this note will cause the scheduler to stop.
*
* @return Stop note
* @see setStopNote
*/
unsigned int stopNote() const { return _stopNote; }
/**
* Sets the stop note.
*
* @param n New stop note
* @see stopNote
*/
void setStopNote(unsigned int n) { _stopNote = n; }
protected:
MidiScheduler(const MidiScheduler &);
MidiScheduler &operator=(const MidiScheduler &);
/******************************************************************
* Implementation functions
*
* To implement a MidiScheduler for a particular platform you
* implement the functions below. They are called by the
* public MidiScheduler functions, using the Template Method
* design pattern (GoF book).
*
* You can assume that you will never be called with an invalid
* port number, and a number of other parameters are guaranteed
* to be valid, as documented.
*
* Functions like impl_start and impl_stop are more requests
* than commands. The MidiScheduler will not assume that the
* clock has started until the implementation calls the
* clockStarted function.
*
* You shouldn't need to perform any notifications, however, you
* do need to take care to call the next block of protected APIs to
* inform the MidiScheduler code what's going on. If you
* don't do this, the MidiScheduler class will not behave
* properly.
*
* Note that in your destructor you will also want to put the
* following code first:
* // if playing, stop first!
* if (MidiScheduler::running()) stop();
*
* Your implementation of the MidiScheduler will have to deal
* with timing. You will be sent events (via impl_tx) IN TIME
* ORDER, for some time in the not-too distant future (as usually
* specified by the Transport class's look-ahead). You have to
* do the work of sending the event at the exact timer tick.
*****************************************************************/
virtual const char *impl_implementationName() const = 0;
virtual const char *impl_portName(int port) const = 0;
virtual const char *impl_portType(int port) const = 0;
virtual bool impl_portReadable(int port) const = 0;
virtual bool impl_portWriteable(int port) const = 0;
/**
* Current state is guaranteed to be stopped.
*
* Don't forget to call clockStarted if the start succeeds.
*/
virtual void impl_start(Clock clock) = 0;
/**
* Current state is guaranteed to be started. The @p clock value
* will not ever be -1.
*
* Don't forget to call clockStopped if the start succeeds.
*/
virtual void impl_stop(Clock clock) = 0;
/**
* Guaranteed running.
*
* Don't forget to call clockMoved if the start succeeds.
*/
virtual void impl_moveTo(Clock moveTime, Clock newTime) = 0;
/**
* Guaranteed running.
*/
virtual Clock impl_clock() = 0;
/**
* Guaranteed running.
*/
virtual int impl_msecs() = 0;
/**
* Guaranteed tempo > 0. For the duration of this method,
* @ref tempo() will return the old tempo value.
*
* Don't forget to call clockMoved if the start succeeds.
*/
virtual void impl_setTempo(int tempo, Clock changeTime) = 0;
virtual bool impl_eventWaiting() = 0;
/**
* You'll buffer all MidiEvents recieved. Returns the top
* buffered MidiEvent (or MidiEvent() if none are buffered).
*/
virtual MidiEvent impl_rx() = 0;
/**
* Send this MidiCommand NOW. Bypass any queued events.
*
* Timer may be running or not.
*/
virtual void impl_tx(MidiCommand mc) = 0;
/**
* Puts a MidiEvent on the queue ready for transmission.
* You will be given MidiEvents in time order, so your buffer can
* be a FIFO rather than a time-ordered queue.
*
* The MidiEvent will be for some time in the future, you will have
* to arrange to transmit it at the appropriate point.
*
* Timer may be running or not.
*/
virtual void impl_tx(MidiEvent mc) = 0;
/**
* Send a sysex package now, bypassing the transsion queue.
*/
virtual void impl_txSysEx(int port,
const unsigned char *data,
size_t size) = 0;
/******************************************************************
* Implementations call these functions to let the MidiScheduler
* class know whats going on.
*
* Don't forget to call these at appropriate times from the
* impl_XXX functions above.
*****************************************************************/
/**
* Tells the MidiScheduler that your implementation has an
* available MIDI port. This is safe to call in your ctor.
*
* You can suggest a port number for the MidiScheduler, but you
* are not necessarily guaranteed to get it.
*
* If you don't want to go to the effort of constructing a
* port number, always specify zero.
*
* This function returns the actual port number you have been
* assigned.
*
* @param portIndex You implementation's port reference
* @param isInternal Specify true if this is an internal
* sound generator, or false if it is a
* MIDI link to an external device.
* @param requestedPort The port number you'd like to present
* to the user
*/
int addPort(int portIndex, bool isInternal, int requestedPort = 0);
/**
* You don't need to call removePort in your implementation's
* destructor.
*/
void removePort(int portIndex);
void clockStarted(Clock startTime);
void clockStopped(Clock stopTime);
void clockMoved(const Clock moveTime, Clock newTime);
void tempoChanged(int tempo, Clock changeTime);
/******************************************************************
* Internal helper functions you can call
*****************************************************************/
/**
* startClock holds the scheduler clock at hardware time '0'.
* Many interfaces always start the timer at a reference count
* of zero and use this variable to work out what MidiScheduler
* time this is.
*/
Clock startClock;
// XXX use muldiv switch?
/**
* An internal method to convert @ref Clock values to
* millisecond times.
*/
int clockToMs(Clock time)
{
return Util::muldiv(time-startClock, 60000/Clock::PPQN, _tempo);
}
/**
* An internal method to convert millisecond time values
* to @ref Clocks.
*/
Clock msToClock(int ms)
{
return startClock + Util::muldiv(ms, _tempo, 60000/Clock::PPQN);
}
private:
/******************************************************************
* Internal private functions
*****************************************************************/
/**
* Processes the supplied event according to the remote control
* setup. It also processes MIDI system messages.
*
* This utility is called by internal functions that have
* called impl_rx.
*/
MidiEvent doRemoteControl(MidiEvent e);
/**
* Returns whether the specified channel number is valid to
* pass on to an implementation. The only valid channels are 0-15
*
* @param port MIDI port number
* @return true if there is currently a port with that number
*/
bool validChannel(int channel) const
{
return channel >= 0 && channel <= 15;
}
bool validChannel(MidiCommand mc) const
{
return validChannel(mc.channel);
}
/**
* Converts a port number (as visible to the public API) to
* the port index understood by the platform implementation,
* returning whether the lookup was sucessful or not.
*/
bool lookUpPortNumber(MidiCommand &mc) const;
bool lookUpPortNumber(int &port) const;
/**
* For a MidiCommand recieved from impl_rx we'll need to
* convert the platform port index into a port number. This
* is how to do it.
*/
void setToPortNumber(MidiCommand &mc) const;
/******************************************************************
* Internal private data
*****************************************************************/
/**
* The internal map of port numbers to implementation indexes.
* This consists of a collection of pairs
* (public port number, implementation port index)
*/
struct PortInfo
{
int index;
bool isInternal;
PortInfo(int n, bool i) : index(n), isInternal(i) {}
};
typedef std::vector<std::pair<int,PortInfo> > port_vector;
port_vector _portNumbers;
bool _running;
int _tempo;
Clock _restingClock;
bool _remote;
bool _consumeRemote;
unsigned int _startNote;
unsigned int _stopNote;
int _defaultInternal;
int _defaultExternal;
};
}
#endif
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