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<h1 id="title">FBB::SyslogStream(3bobcat)</h1>
<h2 id="author">Output Stream for Syslog<br/>(libbobcat-dev_4.08.02-x.tar.gz)</h2>
<h2 id="date">2005-2017</h2>
<p>
<h2 >NAME</h2>FBB::SyslogStream - An output stream inserting syslog messages
<p>
<h2 >SYNOPSIS</h2>
<strong >#include <bobcat/syslogstream></strong><br/>
Linking option: <em >-lbobcat</em>
<p>
<h2 >DESCRIPTION</h2>
<strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong> objects may be used as a <em >std::ostream</em> to write
syslog messages using stream facilities.
<p>
Multiple separate insertions can be used to create a single syslog message:
the message is only sent to the syslog daemon after receiving a <em >flush</em>
command (e.g., after inserting <em >std::flush</em> or <em >std::endl</em>). Non-printable
characters (like <em >'\n'</em>) show up in the syslog message as octal values,
preceded by <em >#</em> (e.g., <em >#012</em> for <em >'\n'</em>). The newline normally inserted
by <em >std::endl</em> is ignored: <strong >SyslogStream</strong> objects interpret <em >std::endl</em>
like <em >std::flush</em>.
<p>
One series of insertions may contain multiple <em >std::endl</em> or <em >std::flush</em>
manipulators. At each of these manipulators a new message is sent to the
syslog daemon, containing all info that has so far been buffered. After
sending a message to the syslog daemon, the <strong >SyslogStream</strong>'s internal buffer
is cleared.
<p>
<h2 >NAMESPACE</h2>
<strong >FBB</strong><br/>
All constructors, members, operators and manipulators, mentioned in this
man-page, are defined in the namespace <strong >FBB</strong>.
<p>
<h2 >INHERITS FROM</h2>
<strong >std::ostream</strong>
<p>
<h2 >ENUMERATIONS</h2>
<p>
The following enumerations are defined in the namespace <strong >FBB</strong>:
<p>
<strong >Priority</strong>:
<p>
The values of this enumeration match the corresponding priority
<em >LOG_xxx</em> values used with <strong >syslog</strong>(3):
<ul>
<li> <strong >EMERG</strong>:<br/>
system is unusable;
<li> <strong >ALERT</strong>:<br/>
action must be taken immediately;
<li> <strong >CRIT</strong>:<br/>
critical conditions;
<li> <strong >ERR</strong>:<br/>
error conditions;
<li> <strong >WARNING</strong>:<br/>
warning conditions;
<li> <strong >NOTICE</strong>:<br/>
normal, but significant, condition;
<li> <strong >INFO</strong>:<br/>
informational message;
<li> <strong >DEBUG</strong>:<br/>
debug-level message;
</ul>
The <em >setMask</em> member (see below) can be used to select which type of
messages will actually be processed by the syslog daemon.
<p>
<strong >PriorityType</strong>:
<p>
This enumberation has two values fine-tuning the type of messages that
are actually processed by the syslog daemon:
<ul>
<li> <strong >SINGLE</strong>:<br/>
Only messages of the priority specified at the <em >setMask</em> call are
processed by the syslog daemon;
<li> <strong >UPTO</strong>:<br/>
Messages of priority <em >EMERG</em> up to the the priority specified at the
<em >setMask</em> call are processed by the syslog daemon;
</ul>
By default, the syslog daemon processes all messages it receives.
<p>
<strong >Facility</strong>:
<p>
The values of this enumeration match the corresponding facility
<em >LOG_xxx</em> values used with <strong >syslog</strong>(3):
<ul>
<li> <strong >AUTHPRIV</strong>:<br/>
security/authorization messages (private)
<li> <strong >CRON</strong>:<br/>
clock daemon (<em >cron</em> and <em >at</em>)
<li> <strong >DAEMON</strong>:<br/>
other system daemons
<li> <strong >KERN</strong>:<br/>
kernel messages
<li> <strong >LOCAL0</strong>:<br/>
reserved for local use. <strong >LOCAL1</strong> through <strong >LOCAL7</strong> are
available as well.
<li> <strong >LPR</strong>:<br/>
line printer subsystem
<li> <strong >MAIL</strong>:<br/>
mail subsystem
<li> <strong >NEWS</strong>:<br/>
<em >USENET</em> news subsystem
<li> <strong >SYSLOGBUF</strong>:<br/>
messages generated internally by <em >syslogbufd</em>
<li> <strong >USER</strong>:<br/>
generic user-level messages
<li> <strong >UUCP</strong>:<br/>
UUCP subsystem
</ul>
<p>
<h2 >CONSTRUCTORS</h2>
<ul>
<li> <strong >SyslogStream(string const &ident = "",
FBB::Priority priority = FBB::NOTICE,
FBB::Facility facility = FBB::USER,
int option = 0)</strong>:<br/>
This constructor initializes a <strong >SyslogStream</strong> object. The
<em >ident</em> parameter is usually the name of the program. Its contents are
prepended to syslog messages.
<p>
The <em >priority</em> parameter determines the default importance of the message
sent to the syslog daemon. By default messages are sent to the syslog daemon
with priority <strong >FBB::NOTICE</strong>. Syslog messages may be given different priority
by inserting a <strong >SyslogStream</strong> manipulator (see below). The priority set at
construction time may also be modified using the <em >setPriority</em> and
<em >setDefaultPriority</em> members.
<p>
Which messages actually appear in log facilities is not determined by
the messages' priorities, but by syslog's <em >log mask</em>. The log mask can be
set by the static member <em >setMask</em> (see below).
<p>
The <em >facility</em> parameter determines the type of program doing the
logging. By default <strong >FBB::USER</strong> is used.
<p>
The <em >option</em> parameter may be used to specify various options (use the
binary `<em >bitor</em>' (`<em >|</em>') operator to combine options):
<p>
<strong >LOG_CONS</strong>:
write directly to system console if there is an
error while sending to system logger <br/>
<strong >LOG_NDELAY</strong>:
open the connection immediately (normally, the con-
nection is opened when the first message is logged) <br/>
<strong >LOG_PERROR</strong>:
print to stderr as well <br/>
<strong >LOG__PID</strong>:
include PID with each message <br/>
<p>
By default no options are used.
<p>
<li> <strong >SyslogStream(char const *ident,
FBB::Priority priority = FBB::NOTICE,
FBB::Facility facility = FBB::USER,
int option = 0)</strong>:<br/>
This constructor is kept for backward compatibility. Its parameters
have the same meanings as those of the abovementioned constructor. A
<em >nullptr</em> indicates that no text needs to be prepended to syslog messages.
</ul>
<p>
Copy and move constructors are not available.
<p>
<h2 >MEMBER FUNCTIONS</h2>
<p>
All members of <strong >std::ostream</strong> are available, as <strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong>
inherits from this class.
<p>
<ul>
<li> <strong >void close()</strong>:<br/>
If the <strong >SyslogStream</strong>'s internal buffer is not empty it is flushed to
the syslog daemon. Thereafer <strong >closelog</strong>(3) is called.
<li> <strong >Priority defaultPriority() const</strong>:<br/>
Returns the current default priority. I.e., the priority that will be
used for the messages after inserting <em >endl</em> or <em >flush</em>.
<li> <strong >void open(string const &ident,
FBB::Priority priority = FBB::NOTICE,
FBB::Facility facility = FBB::USER,
int option = 0)</strong>:<br/>
Redefines the current identifier, priority, facility and options that
are used when sending messages to the syslog daemon. If the
<strong >SyslogStream</strong>'s internal buffer is not empty it is first flushed to
the syslog daemon using the identifier, priority and options that were
active just before calling <em >open</em>.
<li> <strong >Priority priority() const</strong>:<br/>
Returns the next priority. I.e., the priority that will be used for
the next message that is sent to the syslog daemon.
<li> <strong >Priority setDefaultPriority(Priority priority)</strong>:<br/>
Changes the default priority of the next message that is sent to the
syslog daemon after inserting <em >std::eoln</em> or
<em >std::flush</em>. The previously active default priority is
returned.
<li> <strong >Priority setPriority(Priority priority)</strong>:<br/> Changes the priority for the
next message that is sent to the syslog daemon after inserting
<em >std::eoln</em> or <em >std::flush</em>. Subsequent messages will again use
the default priority. The previously active priority setting is
returned.
</ul>
<p>
<h2 >STATIC MEMBER FUNCTIONS</h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li> <strong >Priority setMask(Priority priority, PriorityMask upTo)</strong>:<br/>
Syslog messages of (if <em >upTo</em> equals <em >SINGLE</em>) or up to (if
<em >upTo</em> equals <em >UPTO</em>) the indicated priority are processed by the
syslog daemon.
<li> <strong >Priority setMask(Priority priority, Priority ...priorities)</strong>:<br/>
Syslog messages of the priorities passed to <em >setMask</em> are processed
by the syslog daemon. At least one priority must be specified.
<li> <strong >Facility stoF(std::string const &name, Facility facility = USER)</strong>:<br/>
Returns the facility matching the name of the facility provided by
<em >name</em>. Facility matching is performed case insensitively. E.g., if
<em >name</em> contains <em >daemon</em>, facility <em >FBB::DAEMON</em> is returned. If
<em >name</em> does not match any facility name then the value of this
function's second argument is returned. The function's name (<em >stoF</em>)
was used in analogy of the various <em >sto...</em> conversion functions
that were made available by the <strong >C++11</strong> standard.
<li> <strong >Priority stoP(std::string const &name, Priority priority = NOTICE)</strong>:<br/>
Returns the priority matching the name of the priority provided by
<em >name</em>. Priority matching is performed case insensitively. E.g., if
<em >name</em> contains <em >emerg</em>, priority <em >FBB::EMERG</em> is returned. If
<em >name</em> does not match any priority name then the value of this
function's second argument is returned. The function's name (<em >stoP</em>)
was used in analogy of the various <em >sto...</em> conversion functions
that were made available by the <strong >C++11</strong> standard.
</ul>
<p>
<h2 >MANIPULATORS</h2>
<p>
The following set of manipulators are all defined as (static) members.
They may be inserted into an <strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object. Except for the last
manipulator (<em >strerrno</em>), they have the following characteristics in common:
<ul>
<li> They change the priority of the messages that are subsequently
inserted by the <strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object, thus acting like a separate
<em >setPriority</em> call.
<li> When inserting multiple manipulators before the inserted message is
flushed (e.g., using the <em >std::flush</em> or the <em >std::endl</em> manipulators) the
last inserted <strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong> manipulator will be used.
<li> If the manipulators are not inserted into an
<strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object (but in another <em >std::ostream</em> type of object)
then they perform no action.
</ul>
<p>
Here are the available manipulators:
<ul>
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::alert</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::ALERT</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::crit</strong>:<br/>
Message are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::CRIT</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::debug</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::DEBUG</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::emerg</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::EMERG</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::err</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::ERR</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::info</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::INFO</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::notice</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::NOTICE</strong>.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::strerrno</strong>:<br/>
This manipulator inserts the textual interpretation of <em >std::errno</em>'s
current value into a <em >std::ostream</em>. Note that, different from the
other manipulators, the object into which this manipulator is inserted
does not have to be a <strong >FBB::SyslogStream</strong> object.
<li> <strong >SyslogStream::warning</strong>:<br/>
Messages are inserted with priority <strong >FBB::WARNING</strong>.
</ul>
<p>
<h2 >EXAMPLE</h2>
<pre>
#include <bobcat/syslogstream>
using namespace std;
using namespace FBB;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
SyslogStream sls(argv[0]);
sls << SyslogStream::debug << "Hello world" << flush <<
SyslogStream::strerrno << endl;
}
</pre>
<p>
<h2 >FILES</h2>
<em >bobcat/syslogstream</em> - defines the class interface
<p>
<h2 >SEE ALSO</h2>
<strong >bobcat</strong>(7), <strong >closelog</strong>(3), <strong >openlog</strong>(3), <strong >rsyslogd</strong>(8),
<strong >syslog</strong>(3), <strong >syslogbuf</strong>(3bobcat)
<p>
<h2 >BUGS</h2>
The constructor's <em >option</em> parameter is an <em >int</em>. Because of this,
<em >int</em> values rather than enumeration values are passed to the
constructor. It is the responsibility of the programmer to pass defined option
values only.
<p>
<h2 >DISTRIBUTION FILES</h2>
<ul>
<li> <em >bobcat_4.08.02-x.dsc</em>: detached signature;
<li> <em >bobcat_4.08.02-x.tar.gz</em>: source archive;
<li> <em >bobcat_4.08.02-x_i386.changes</em>: change log;
<li> <em >libbobcat1_4.08.02-x_*.deb</em>: debian package holding the
libraries;
<li> <em >libbobcat1-dev_4.08.02-x_*.deb</em>: debian package holding the
libraries, headers and manual pages;
<li> <em >http://sourceforge.net/projects/bobcat</em>: public archive location;
</ul>
<p>
<h2 >BOBCAT</h2>
Bobcat is an acronym of `Brokken's Own Base Classes And Templates'.
<p>
<h2 >COPYRIGHT</h2>
This is free software, distributed under the terms of the
GNU General Public License (GPL).
<p>
<h2 >AUTHOR</h2>
Frank B. Brokken (<strong >f.b.brokken@rug.nl</strong>).
<p>
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