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      <title>Specifying a Single Column</title>
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      <hr>
      <h3><a name="col-id">6.2 Specifying a Single Column</a></h3>
      <p>If an argument is specified in the help text for a 
         command with the symbol <code>&lt;col-id&gt;</code>
         it means you must give a string which identifies one of the
         existing columns in a table.
         
      </p>
      <p>There are three ways you can specify a column in this context:
         
         <dl>
            <dt><strong>Column Name</strong></dt>
            <dd>The name of the column may be used if it contains no spaces
               and doesn't start with a minus character ('<code>-</code>').
               It is usually matched case insensitively.  If multiple columns
               have the same name, the first one that matches is selected.
               
            </dd>
            <dt><strong>Column Index or $ID</strong></dt>
            <dd>The index of the column may always be used; this is a useful
               fallback if the column name isn't suitable for some reason.
               The first column is '1', the second is '2' and so on.
               You may alternatively use the forms 
               '$1', '$2' etc.
               
               <p>Tip: if counting which column has which index is giving you a
                  headache, running <code>tpipe</code> with <code>omode=meta</code> or 
                  <code>omode=stats</code> on the table may help.
                  
               </p>
            </dd>
            <dt><strong>Column ucd$ specifier</strong></dt>
            <dd>If the column has a
               <a href="http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/latest/UCD.html">Unified Content Descriptor</a>
               (this will usually only be the case for VOTable or possibly FITS format
               tables) you can refer to it using an identifier of the form
               "<code>ucd$&lt;ucd-spec&gt;</code>".  Depending on the version of
               UCD scheme used, UCDs can contain various punctuation marks such
               as underscores, semicolons and dots; for the purpose of this syntax
               these should all be represented as underscores ("<code>_</code>").
               So to identify a column which has the UCD "<code>phot.mag;em.opt.R</code>",
               you should use the identifier "<code>ucd$phot_mag_em_opt_r</code>".
               Matching is not case-sensitive.  Futhermore, a trailing underscore
               acts as a wildcard, so that the above column could also be referenced
               using the identifier "<code>ucd$phot_mag_</code>".  If multiple 
               columns have UCDs which match the given identifer, the first one
               will be used.
               
            </dd>
            <dt><strong>Column utype$ specifier</strong></dt>
            <dd>If the column has a <b>Utype</b>
               (this will usually only be the case for VOTable or possibly FITS format
               tables) you can refer to it using an identifier of the form
               "<code>utype$&lt;utype-spec&gt;</code>".
               Utypes may contain various punctuation marks such as colons and dots;
               for the purpose of this syntax these should all be represented as
               underscores ("<code>_</code>").
               So to identify a column which has the Utype 
               "<code>ssa:Access.Format</code>",
               you should use the identifier 
               "<code>utype$ssa_Access_format</code>".
               Matching is not case-sensitive.
               If multiple columns have Utypes which match the given identifier,
               the first one will be used.
               
            </dd>
         </dl>
         
      </p>
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      <hr><i>STILTS - Starlink Tables Infrastructure Library Tool Set<br>Starlink User Note256<br>STILTS web page:
         <a href="http://www.starlink.ac.uk/stilts/">http://www.starlink.ac.uk/stilts/</a><br>Author email:
         <a href="mailto:m.b.taylor@bristol.ac.uk">m.b.taylor@bristol.ac.uk</a><br>Mailing list:
         <a href="mailto:topcat-user@jiscmail.ac.uk">topcat-user@jiscmail.ac.uk</a><br></i></body>
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