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  <div class="section" id="get-certbot">
<h1>Get Certbot<a class="headerlink" href="#get-certbot" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="contents local topic" id="table-of-contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Table of Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#about-certbot" id="id2">About Certbot</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#system-requirements" id="id3">System Requirements</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#alternate-installation-methods" id="id4">Alternate installation methods</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#certbot-auto" id="id5">Certbot-Auto</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#problems-with-python-virtual-environment" id="id6">Problems with Python virtual environment</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-with-docker" id="id7">Running with Docker</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#operating-system-packages" id="id8">Operating System Packages</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing-from-source" id="id9">Installing from source</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="about-certbot">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">About Certbot</a><a class="headerlink" href="#about-certbot" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Certbot is packaged for many common operating systems and web servers. Check whether
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot</span></code> (or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">letsencrypt</span></code>) is packaged for your web server’s OS by visiting
<a class="reference external" href="https://certbot.eff.org">certbot.eff.org</a>, where you will also find the correct installation instructions for
your system.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Unless you have very specific requirements, we kindly suggest that you use the Certbot packages provided by your package manager (see <a class="reference external" href="https://certbot.eff.org">certbot.eff.org</a>). If such packages are not available, we recommend using <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code>, which automates the process of installing Certbot on your system.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="system-requirements">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">System Requirements</a><a class="headerlink" href="#system-requirements" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Certbot currently requires Python 2.7, or 3.4+. By default, it requires
root access in order to write to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/letsencrypt</span></code>,
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/log/letsencrypt</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib/letsencrypt</span></code>; to bind to ports 80 and 443
(if you use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">standalone</span></code> plugin) and to read and modify webserver
configurations (if you use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">apache</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nginx</span></code> plugins).  If none of
these apply to you, it is theoretically possible to run without root privileges,
but for most users who want to avoid running an ACME client as root, either
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/diafygi/letsencrypt-nosudo">letsencrypt-nosudo</a> or
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/zenhack/simp_le">simp_le</a> are more appropriate choices.</p>
<p>The Apache plugin currently requires an OS with augeas version 1.0; currently <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/certbot/certbot/blob/master/certbot-apache/certbot_apache/constants.py">it
supports</a>
modern OSes based on Debian, Fedora, SUSE, Gentoo and Darwin.</p>
<p>Installing with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code> requires 512MB of RAM in order to build some
of the dependencies. Installing from pre-built OS packages avoids this
requirement. You can also temporarily set a swap file. See “Problems with
Python virtual environment” below for details.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="alternate-installation-methods">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Alternate installation methods</a><a class="headerlink" href="#alternate-installation-methods" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>If you are offline or your operating system doesn’t provide a package, you can use
an alternate method for installing <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot</span></code>.</p>
<div class="section" id="certbot-auto">
<span id="id1"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Certbot-Auto</a><a class="headerlink" href="#certbot-auto" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code> wrapper script installs Certbot, obtaining some dependencies
from your web server OS and putting others in a python virtual environment. You can
download and run it as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>user@webserver:~$ wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto
user@webserver:~$ chmod a+x ./certbot-auto
user@webserver:~$ ./certbot-auto --help
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition hint">
<p class="first admonition-title">Hint</p>
<p>The certbot-auto download is protected by HTTPS, which is pretty good, but if you’d like to
double check the integrity of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code> script, you can use these steps for verification before running it:</p>
<div class="last highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>user@server:~$ wget -N https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto.asc
user@server:~$ gpg2 --recv-key A2CFB51FA275A7286234E7B24D17C995CD9775F2
user@server:~$ gpg2 --trusted-key 4D17C995CD9775F2 --verify certbot-auto.asc certbot-auto
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code> command updates to the latest client release automatically.
Since <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code> is a wrapper to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot</span></code>, it accepts exactly
the same command line flags and arguments. For more information, see
<a class="reference external" href="https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#command-line-options">Certbot command-line options</a>.</p>
<p>For full command line help, you can type:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">./</span><span class="n">certbot</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">auto</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">help</span> <span class="nb">all</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="problems-with-python-virtual-environment">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Problems with Python virtual environment</a><a class="headerlink" href="#problems-with-python-virtual-environment" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>On a low memory system such as VPS with less than 512MB of RAM, the required dependencies of Certbot will fail to build.
This can be identified if the pip outputs contains something like <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">internal</span> <span class="pre">compiler</span> <span class="pre">error:</span> <span class="pre">Killed</span> <span class="pre">(program</span> <span class="pre">cc1)</span></code>.
You can workaround this restriction by creating a temporary swapfile:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>user@webserver:~$ sudo fallocate -l 1G /tmp/swapfile
user@webserver:~$ sudo chmod 600 /tmp/swapfile
user@webserver:~$ sudo mkswap /tmp/swapfile
user@webserver:~$ sudo swapon /tmp/swapfile
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Disable and remove the swapfile once the virtual environment is constructed:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>user@webserver:~$ sudo swapoff /tmp/swapfile
user@webserver:~$ sudo rm /tmp/swapfile
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="running-with-docker">
<span id="docker-user"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Running with Docker</a><a class="headerlink" href="#running-with-docker" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://docker.com">Docker</a> is an amazingly simple and quick way to obtain a
certificate. However, this mode of operation is unable to install
certificates or configure your webserver, because our installer
plugins cannot reach your webserver from inside the Docker container.</p>
<p>Most users should use the operating system packages (see instructions at
<a class="reference external" href="https://certbot.eff.org">certbot.eff.org</a>) or, as a fallback, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot-auto</span></code>. You should only
use Docker if you are sure you know what you are doing and have a
good reason to do so.</p>
<p>You should definitely read the <a class="reference internal" href="using.html#where-certs"><span class="std std-ref">Where are my certificates?</span></a> section, in order to
know how to manage the certs
manually. <a class="reference external" href="ciphers.html">Our ciphersuites page</a>
provides some information about recommended ciphersuites. If none of
these make much sense to you, you should definitely use the
<a class="reference internal" href="#certbot-auto">certbot-auto</a> method, which enables you to use installer plugins
that cover both of those hard topics.</p>
<p>If you’re still not convinced and have decided to use this method, from
the server that the domain you’re requesting a certficate for resolves
to, <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/">install Docker</a>, then issue a command like the one found below. If
you are using Certbot with the <a class="reference internal" href="using.html#standalone"><span class="std std-ref">Standalone</span></a> plugin, you will need
to make the port it uses accessible from outside of the container by
including something like <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-p</span> <span class="pre">80:80</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-p</span> <span class="pre">443:443</span></code> on the command
line before <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot/certbot</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo docker run -it --rm --name certbot <span class="se">\</span>
            -v <span class="s2">&quot;/etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt&quot;</span> <span class="se">\</span>
            -v <span class="s2">&quot;/var/lib/letsencrypt:/var/lib/letsencrypt&quot;</span> <span class="se">\</span>
            certbot/certbot certonly
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Running Certbot with the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certonly</span></code> command will obtain a certificate and place it in the directory
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/letsencrypt/live</span></code> on your system. Because Certonly cannot install the certificate from
within Docker, you must install the certificate manually according to the procedure
recommended by the provider of your webserver.</p>
<p>There are also Docker images for each of Certbot’s DNS plugins available
at <a class="reference external" href="https://hub.docker.com/u/certbot">https://hub.docker.com/u/certbot</a> which automate doing domain
validation over DNS for popular providers. To use one, just replace
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot/certbot</span></code> in the command above with the name of the image you
want to use. For example, to use Certbot’s plugin for Amazon Route 53,
you’d use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">certbot/dns-route53</span></code>. You may also need to add flags to
Certbot and/or mount additional directories to provide access to your
DNS API credentials as specified in the <a class="reference internal" href="using.html#dns-plugins"><span class="std std-ref">DNS plugin documentation</span></a>. If you would like to obtain a wildcard certificate from
Let’s Encrypt’s ACMEv2 server, you’ll need to include <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--server</span>
<span class="pre">https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory</span></code> on the command line as
well.</p>
<p>For more information about the layout
of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/letsencrypt</span></code> directory, see <a class="reference internal" href="using.html#where-certs"><span class="std std-ref">Where are my certificates?</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="operating-system-packages">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Operating System Packages</a><a class="headerlink" href="#operating-system-packages" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p><strong>Arch Linux</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo pacman -S certbot
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>Debian</strong></p>
<p>If you run Debian Stretch or Debian Sid, you can install certbot packages.</p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install certbot python-certbot-apache
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you don’t want to use the Apache plugin, you can omit the
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python-certbot-apache</span></code> package. Or you can install <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python-certbot-nginx</span></code> instead.</p>
<p>Packages exist for Debian Jessie via backports. First you’ll have to follow the
instructions at <a class="reference external" href="http://backports.debian.org/Instructions/">http://backports.debian.org/Instructions/</a> to enable the Jessie backports
repo, if you have not already done so. Then run:</p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo apt-get install certbot python-certbot-apache -t jessie-backports
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>Fedora</strong></p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo dnf install certbot python2-certbot-apache
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>FreeBSD</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>Port: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cd</span> <span class="pre">/usr/ports/security/py-certbot</span> <span class="pre">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">clean</span></code></li>
<li>Package: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pkg</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">py27-certbot</span></code></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong>Gentoo</strong></p>
<p>The official Certbot client is available in Gentoo Portage. If you
want to use the Apache plugin, it has to be installed separately:</p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>emerge -av app-crypt/certbot
emerge -av app-crypt/certbot-apache
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>When using the Apache plugin, you will run into a “cannot find an
SSLCertificateFile directive” or “cannot find an SSLCertificateKeyFile
directive for certificate” error if you’re sporting the default Gentoo
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">httpd.conf</span></code>. You can fix this by commenting out two lines in
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/etc/apache2/httpd.conf</span></code> as follows:</p>
<p>Change</p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>&lt;IfDefine SSL&gt;
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
&lt;/IfDefine&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>to</p>
<div class="highlight-shell"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#&lt;IfDefine SSL&gt;</span>
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
<span class="c1">#&lt;/IfDefine&gt;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For the time being, this is the only way for the Apache plugin to recognise
the appropriate directives when installing the certificate.
Note: this change is not required for the other plugins.</p>
<p><strong>NetBSD</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>Build from source: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cd</span> <span class="pre">/usr/pkgsrc/security/py-certbot</span> <span class="pre">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">clean</span></code></li>
<li>Install pre-compiled package: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pkg_add</span> <span class="pre">py27-certbot</span></code></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong>OpenBSD</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>Port: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cd</span> <span class="pre">/usr/ports/security/letsencrypt/client</span> <span class="pre">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">clean</span></code></li>
<li>Package: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pkg_add</span> <span class="pre">letsencrypt</span></code></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p><strong>Other Operating Systems</strong></p>
<p>OS packaging is an ongoing effort. If you’d like to package
Certbot for your distribution of choice please have a
look at the <a class="reference internal" href="packaging.html"><span class="doc">Packaging Guide</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installing-from-source">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Installing from source</a><a class="headerlink" href="#installing-from-source" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>Installation from source is only supported for developers and the
whole process is described in the <a class="reference internal" href="contributing.html"><span class="doc">Developer Guide</span></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last">Please do <strong>not</strong> use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">setup.py</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">pip</span>
<span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">.</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">easy_install</span> <span class="pre">.</span></code>. Please do <strong>not</strong> attempt the
installation commands as superuser/root and/or without virtual environment,
e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">setup.py</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sudo</span>
<span class="pre">./venv/bin/...</span></code>. These modes of operation might corrupt your operating
system and are <strong>not supported</strong> by the Certbot team!</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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