/usr/share/doc/postfix/html/oqmgr.8.html is in postfix-doc 3.3.0-1.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 | <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html> <head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<title> Postfix manual - oqmgr(8) </title>
</head> <body> <pre>
OQMGR(8) OQMGR(8)
<b>NAME</b>
oqmgr - old Postfix queue manager
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
<b>oqmgr</b> [generic Postfix daemon options]
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon awaits the arrival of incoming mail and arranges
for its delivery via Postfix delivery processes. The actual mail rout-
ing strategy is delegated to the <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon. This pro-
gram expects to be run from the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> process manager.
Mail addressed to the local <b>double-bounce</b> address is logged and dis-
carded. This stops potential loops caused by undeliverable bounce
notifications.
<b>MAIL QUEUES</b>
The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon maintains the following queues:
<b>incoming</b>
Inbound mail from the network, or mail picked up by the local
<a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> agent from the <b>maildrop</b> directory.
<b>active</b> Messages that the queue manager has opened for delivery. Only a
limited number of messages is allowed to enter the <b>active</b> queue
(leaky bucket strategy, for a fixed delivery rate).
<b>deferred</b>
Mail that could not be delivered upon the first attempt. The
queue manager implements exponential backoff by doubling the
time between delivery attempts.
<b>corrupt</b>
Unreadable or damaged queue files are moved here for inspection.
<b>hold</b> Messages that are kept "on hold" are kept here until someone
sets them free.
<b>DELIVERY STATUS REPORTS</b>
The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon keeps an eye on per-message delivery status reports
in the following directories. Each status report file has the same name
as the corresponding message file:
<b>bounce</b> Per-recipient status information about why mail is bounced.
These files are maintained by the <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> daemon.
<b>defer</b> Per-recipient status information about why mail is delayed.
These files are maintained by the <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a> daemon.
<b>trace</b> Per-recipient status information as requested with the Postfix
"<b>sendmail -v</b>" or "<b>sendmail -bv</b>" command. These files are main-
tained by the <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemon.
The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon is responsible for asking the <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a>, <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a>
or <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemons to send delivery reports.
<b>STRATEGIES</b>
The queue manager implements a variety of strategies for either opening
queue files (input) or for message delivery (output).
<b>leaky bucket</b>
This strategy limits the number of messages in the <b>active</b> queue
and prevents the queue manager from running out of memory under
heavy load.
<b>fairness</b>
When the <b>active</b> queue has room, the queue manager takes one mes-
sage from the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue"><b>incoming</b> queue</a> and one from the <b>deferred</b> queue.
This prevents a large mail backlog from blocking the delivery of
new mail.
<b>slow start</b>
This strategy eliminates "thundering herd" problems by slowly
adjusting the number of parallel deliveries to the same destina-
tion.
<b>round robin</b>
The queue manager sorts delivery requests by destination.
Round-robin selection prevents one destination from dominating
deliveries to other destinations.
<b>exponential backoff</b>
Mail that cannot be delivered upon the first attempt is
deferred. The time interval between delivery attempts is dou-
bled after each attempt.
<b>destination status cache</b>
The queue manager avoids unnecessary delivery attempts by main-
taining a short-term, in-memory list of unreachable destina-
tions.
<b>TRIGGERS</b>
On an idle system, the queue manager waits for the arrival of trigger
events, or it waits for a timer to go off. A trigger is a one-byte mes-
sage. Depending on the message received, the queue manager performs
one of the following actions (the message is followed by the symbolic
constant used internally by the software):
<b>D (QMGR_REQ_SCAN_DEFERRED)</b>
Start a <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> scan. If a deferred queue scan is
already in progress, that scan will be restarted as soon as it
finishes.
<b>I (QMGR_REQ_SCAN_INCOMING)</b>
Start an <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a> scan. If an incoming queue scan is
already in progress, that scan will be restarted as soon as it
finishes.
<b>A (QMGR_REQ_SCAN_ALL)</b>
Ignore <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> file time stamps. The request affects the
next <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> scan.
<b>F (QMGR_REQ_FLUSH_DEAD)</b>
Purge all information about dead transports and destinations.
<b>W (TRIGGER_REQ_WAKEUP)</b>
Wakeup call, This is used by the master server to instantiate
servers that should not go away forever. The action is to start
an <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a> scan.
The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon reads an entire buffer worth of triggers. Multiple
identical trigger requests are collapsed into one, and trigger requests
are sorted so that <b>A</b> and <b>F</b> precede <b>D</b> and <b>I</b>. Thus, in order to force a
<a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> run, one would request <b>A F D</b>; in order to notify the
queue manager of the arrival of new mail one would request <b>I</b>.
<b>STANDARDS</b>
<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC 3463</a> (Enhanced status codes)
<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3464">RFC 3464</a> (Delivery status notifications)
<b>SECURITY</b>
The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon is not security sensitive. It reads single-charac-
ter messages from untrusted local users, and thus may be susceptible to
denial of service attacks. The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon does not talk to the
outside world, and it can be run at fixed low privilege in a chrooted
environment.
<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
Problems and transactions are logged to the <b>syslog</b>(8) daemon. Cor-
rupted message files are saved to the <b>corrupt</b> queue for further inspec-
tion.
Depending on the setting of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a></b> parameter, the postmas-
ter is notified of bounces and of other trouble.
<b>BUGS</b>
A single queue manager process has to compete for disk access with mul-
tiple front-end processes such as <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a>. A sudden burst of inbound
mail can negatively impact outbound delivery rates.
<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
Changes to <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> are not picked up automatically, as <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> is a
persistent process. Use the command "<b>postfix reload</b>" after a configura-
tion change.
The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for
more details including examples.
In the text below, <i>transport</i> is the first field in a <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> entry.
<b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b>
Available before Postfix version 2.5:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_min_user">allow_min_user</a> (no)</b>
Allow a sender or recipient address to have `-' as the first
character.
Available with Postfix version 2.7 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_filter_nexthop">default_filter_nexthop</a> (empty)</b>
When a <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> or FILTER request specifies no explicit
next-hop destination, use $<a href="postconf.5.html#default_filter_nexthop">default_filter_nexthop</a> instead; when
that value is empty, use the domain in the recipient address.
<b>ACTIVE QUEUE CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_clog_warn_time">qmgr_clog_warn_time</a> (300s)</b>
The minimal delay between warnings that a specific destination
is clogging up the Postfix <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_message_active_limit">qmgr_message_active_limit</a> (20000)</b>
The maximal number of messages in the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_message_recipient_limit">qmgr_message_recipient_limit</a> (20000)</b>
The maximal number of recipients held in memory by the Postfix
queue manager, and the maximal size of the short-term, in-memory
"dead" destination status cache.
<b>DELIVERY CONCURRENCY CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_fudge_factor">qmgr_fudge_factor</a> (100)</b>
Obsolete feature: the percentage of delivery resources that a
busy mail system will use up for delivery of a large mailing
list message.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#initial_destination_concurrency">initial_destination_concurrency</a> (5)</b>
The initial per-destination concurrency level for parallel
delivery to the same destination.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">default_destination_concurrency_limit</a> (20)</b>
The default maximal number of parallel deliveries to the same
destination.
<b>transport_destination_concurrency_limit ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">default_destination_concur</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">rency_limit</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the default_destination_con-
currency_limit parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>
name of the message delivery transport.
Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:
<b>transport_initial_destination_concurrency ($<a href="postconf.5.html#initial_destination_concurrency">initial_destination_concur</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#initial_destination_concurrency">rency</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the initial_destination_con-
currency parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name
of the message delivery transport.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit</a> (1)</b>
How many pseudo-cohorts must suffer connection or handshake
failure before a specific destination is considered unavailable
(and further delivery is suspended).
<b>transport_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">default_desti</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">nation_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">default_destination_con</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">currency_failed_cohort_limit</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is
the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback">default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback</a> (1)</b>
The per-destination amount of delivery concurrency negative
feedback, after a delivery completes with a connection or hand-
shake failure.
<b>transport_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback">default_destina</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback">tion_concurrency_negative_feedback</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the default_destination_con-
currency_negative_feedback parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is
the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback">default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback</a> (1)</b>
The per-destination amount of delivery concurrency positive
feedback, after a delivery completes without connection or hand-
shake failure.
<b>transport_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback">default_destina</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback">tion_concurrency_positive_feedback</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the default_destination_con-
currency_positive_feedback parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is
the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#destination_concurrency_feedback_debug">destination_concurrency_feedback_debug</a> (no)</b>
Make the queue manager's feedback algorithm verbose for perfor-
mance analysis purposes.
<b>RECIPIENT SCHEDULING CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recipient_limit</a> (50)</b>
The default maximal number of recipients per message delivery.
<b>transport_destination_recipient_limit ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recipi</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">ent_limit</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recip</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">ient_limit</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>
name of the message delivery transport.
<b>OTHER RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#minimal_backoff_time">minimal_backoff_time</a> (300s)</b>
The minimal time between attempts to deliver a deferred message;
prior to Postfix 2.4 the default value was 1000s.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_backoff_time">maximal_backoff_time</a> (4000s)</b>
The maximal time between attempts to deliver a deferred message.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a> (5d)</b>
Consider a message as undeliverable, when delivery fails with a
temporary error, and the time in the queue has reached the <a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maxi</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">mal_queue_lifetime</a> limit.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_run_delay">queue_run_delay</a> (300s)</b>
The time between <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> scans by the queue manager;
prior to Postfix 2.4 the default value was 1000s.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_retry_time">transport_retry_time</a> (60s)</b>
The time between attempts by the Postfix queue manager to con-
tact a malfunctioning message delivery transport.
Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a> (5d)</b>
Consider a bounce message as undeliverable, when delivery fails
with a temporary error, and the time in the queue has reached
the <a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a> limit.
Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">default_destination_rate_delay</a> (0s)</b>
The default amount of delay that is inserted between individual
deliveries to the same destination; the resulting behavior
depends on the value of the corresponding per-destination recip-
ient limit.
<b>transport_destination_rate_delay ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">default_destination_rate_delay</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">default_destina</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">tion_rate_delay</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">mas-
ter.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">default_transport_rate_delay</a> (0s)</b>
The default amount of delay that is inserted between individual
deliveries over the same message delivery transport, regardless
of destination.
<b>transport_transport_rate_delay ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">default_transport_rate_delay</a>)</b>
A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">default_trans</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">port_rate_delay</a> parameter value, where the initial <i>transport</i> in
the parameter name is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery
transport.
<b>SAFETY CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_daemon_timeout">qmgr_daemon_timeout</a> (1000s)</b>
How much time a Postfix queue manager process may take to handle
a request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_ipc_timeout">qmgr_ipc_timeout</a> (60s)</b>
The time limit for the queue manager to send or receive informa-
tion over an internal communication channel.
Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_pending_request_limit">address_verify_pending_request_limit</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
A safety limit that prevents address verification requests from
overwhelming the Postfix queue.
<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
figuration files.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#defer_transports">defer_transports</a> (empty)</b>
The names of message delivery transports that should not deliver
mail unless someone issues "<b>sendmail -q</b>" or equivalent.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_logging_resolution_limit">delay_logging_resolution_limit</a> (2)</b>
The maximal number of digits after the decimal point when log-
ging sub-second delay values.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#helpful_warnings">helpful_warnings</a> (yes)</b>
Log warnings about problematic configuration settings, and pro-
vide helpful suggestions.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog
records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".
Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#confirm_delay_cleared">confirm_delay_cleared</a> (no)</b>
After sending a "your message is delayed" notification, inform
the sender when the delay clears up.
Available in Postfix 3.3 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_name">service_name</a> (read-only)</b>
The <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> service name of a Postfix daemon process.
<b>FILES</b>
/var/spool/postfix/incoming, <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a>
/var/spool/postfix/active, <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>
/var/spool/postfix/deferred, <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a>
/var/spool/postfix/bounce, non-delivery status
/var/spool/postfix/defer, non-delivery status
/var/spool/postfix/trace, delivery status
<b>SEE ALSO</b>
<a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html">trivial-rewrite(8)</a>, address routing
<a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, delivery status reports
<a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
<a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, generic daemon options
<a href="master.8.html">master(8)</a>, process manager
syslogd(8), system logging
<b>README FILES</b>
<a href="QSHAPE_README.html">QSHAPE_README</a>, Postfix queue analysis
<b>LICENSE</b>
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
Wietse Venema
Google, Inc.
111 8th Avenue
New York, NY 10011, USA
OQMGR(8)
</pre> </body> </html>
|