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<title>Part IV. Defining ontologies: Tracker SPARQL Library Reference Manual</title>
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
<a name="tracker-ontologies"></a>Part IV. Defining ontologies</h1></div></div></div>
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<p>
An ontology defines the entities that a Tracker endpoint can store, as
well as their properties and the relationships between different entities.
</p>
<p>
Tracker internally uses the following ontologies as its base, all ontologies
defined by the user of the endpoint are recommended to be build around this
base:
</p>
<p><b><code class="systemitem">XML Schema (XSD).</code> </b>Defining basic types.</p>
<p><b><code class="systemitem">Resource Description Framework (RDF).</code> </b>Defining classes, properties and inheritance</p>
<p><b><code class="systemitem">Nepomuk Resource Language (NRL).</code> </b>Defining resource uniqueness and cardinality</p>
<p><b><code class="systemitem">Dublin Core (DC).</code> </b>Defining common superproperties for documents</p>
<p><b><code class="systemitem">Nepomuk Annotation Ontology (NAO).</code> </b>Implementing tagging and annotations</p>
<p>
Ontologies are RDF files with the .ontology extension, Tracker parses all
ontology files from the given directory. The individual ontology files may
ontologies may not be self-consistent (i.e. use missing definitions), but
all the ontology files as a whole must be.
</p>
<p>
Tracker loads the ontology files in alphanumeric order, it is advisable
that those have a numbered prefix in order to load those at a consistent
order despite future additions.
</p>
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<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl class="toc">
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="creating-ontology.html">Creating an ontology</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="creating-ontology.html#defining-namespaces">Defining a namespace</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="defining-classes.html">Defining classes</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="defining-properties.html">Defining properties</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="defining-cardinality.html">Defining cardinality of properties</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="defining-uniqueness.html">Defining uniqueness</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="defining-indexes.html">Defining indexes</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="defining-fts-indexes.html">Defining full-text search properties</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="predefined-elements.html">Predefined elements</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="accompanying-metadata.html">Accompanying metadata</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="updating-ontology.html">Updating an ontology</a></span></dt>
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