/usr/share/doc/postfix/html/aliases.5.html is in postfix-doc 2.9.6-2.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 | <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html> <head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<title> Postfix manual - aliases(5) </title>
</head> <body> <pre>
ALIASES(5) ALIASES(5)
<b>NAME</b>
aliases - Postfix local alias database format
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
<b>newaliases</b>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
The <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> table provides a system-wide mechanism to
redirect mail for local recipients. The redirections are
processed by the Postfix <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent.
Normally, the <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> table is specified as a text file
that serves as input to the <a href="postalias.1.html"><b>postalias</b>(1)</a> command. The
result, an indexed file in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format, is used for
fast lookup by the mail system. Execute the command
<b>newaliases</b> in order to rebuild the indexed file after
changing the Postfix alias database.
The input and output file formats are expected to be com-
patible with Sendmail version 8, and are expected to be
suitable for the use as NIS maps.
Users can control delivery of their own mail by setting up
<b>.forward</b> files in their home directory. Lines in per-user
<b>.forward</b> files have the same syntax as the right-hand side
of <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> entries.
The format of the alias database input file is as follows:
<b>o</b> An alias definition has the form
<i>name</i>: <i>value1</i>, <i>value2</i>, <i>...</i>
<b>o</b> Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored,
as are lines whose first non-whitespace character
is a `#'.
<b>o</b> A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A
line that starts with whitespace continues a logi-
cal line.
The <i>name</i> is a local address (no domain part). Use double
quotes when the name contains any special characters such
as whitespace, `#', `:', or `@'. The <i>name</i> is folded to
lowercase, in order to make database lookups case insensi-
tive.
In addition, when an alias exists for <b>owner-</b><i>name</i>, delivery
diagnostics are directed to that address, instead of to
the originator of the message. This is typically used to
direct delivery errors to the maintainer of a mailing
list, who is in a better position to deal with mailing
list delivery problems than the originator of the undeliv-
ered mail.
The <i>value</i> contains one or more of the following:
<i>address</i>
Mail is forwarded to <i>address</i>, which is compatible
with the <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822">RFC 822</a> standard.
<i>/file/name</i>
Mail is appended to <i>/file/name</i>. See <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> for
details of delivery to file. Delivery is not lim-
ited to regular files. For example, to dispose of
unwanted mail, deflect it to <b>/dev/null</b>.
|<i>command</i>
Mail is piped into <i>command</i>. Commands that contain
special characters, such as whitespace, should be
enclosed between double quotes. See <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> for
details of delivery to command.
When the command fails, a limited amount of command
output is mailed back to the sender. The file
<b>/usr/include/sysexits.h</b> defines the expected exit
status codes. For example, use <b>"|exit 67"</b> to simu-
late a "user unknown" error, and <b>"|exit 0"</b> to
implement an expensive black hole.
<b>:include:</b><i>/file/name</i>
Mail is sent to the destinations listed in the
named file. Lines in <b>:include:</b> files have the same
syntax as the right-hand side of alias entries.
A destination can be any destination that is
described in this manual page. However, delivery to
"|<i>command</i>" and <i>/file/name</i> is disallowed by default.
To enable, edit the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_commands">allow_mail_to_commands</a></b> and
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_files">allow_mail_to_files</a></b> configuration parameters.
<b>ADDRESS EXTENSION</b>
When alias database search fails, and the recipient local-
part contains the optional recipient delimiter (e.g.,
<i>user+foo</i>), the search is repeated for the unextended
address (e.g., <i>user</i>).
The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b> parameter controls
whether an unmatched address extension (<i>+foo</i>) is propa-
gated to the result of table lookup.
<b>CASE FOLDING</b>
The <a href="local.8.html">local(8)</a> delivery agent always folds the search string
to lowercase before database lookup.
<b>SECURITY</b>
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent disallows regular expression
substitution of $1 etc. in <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>, because that would
open a security hole.
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent will silently ignore requests
to use the <a href="proxymap.8.html"><b>proxymap</b>(8)</a> server within <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>. Instead
it will open the table directly. Before Postfix version
2.2, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent will terminate with a
fatal error.
<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant.
The text below provides only a parameter summary. See
<a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_database">alias_database</a></b>
List of alias databases that are updated by the
<a href="newaliases.1.html"><b>newaliases</b>(1)</a> command.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>
List of alias databases queried by the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>
delivery agent.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_commands">allow_mail_to_commands</a></b>
Restrict the usage of mail delivery to external
command.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_files">allow_mail_to_files</a></b>
Restrict the usage of mail delivery to external
file.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#expand_owner_alias">expand_owner_alias</a></b>
When delivering to an alias that has an <b>owner-</b> com-
panion alias, set the envelope sender address to
the right-hand side of the owner alias, instead
using of the left-hand side address.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b>
A list of address rewriting or forwarding mecha-
nisms that propagate an address extension from the
original address to the result. Specify zero or
more of <b>canonical</b>, <b>virtual</b>, <b>alias</b>, <b>forward</b>,
<b>include</b>, or <b>generic</b>.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#owner_request_special">owner_request_special</a></b>
Give special treatment to <b>owner-</b><i>listname</i> and <i>list-</i>
<i>name</i><b>-request</b> addresses.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a></b>
Delimiter that separates recipients from address
extensions.
Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#frozen_delivered_to">frozen_delivered_to</a></b>
Update the <a href="local.8.html">local(8)</a> delivery agent's Delivered-To:
address (see <a href="postconf.5.html#prepend_delivered_header">prepend_delivered_header</a>) only once,
at the start of a delivery; do not update the
Delivered-To: address while expanding aliases or
.forward files.
<b>STANDARDS</b>
<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822">RFC 822</a> (ARPA Internet Text Messages)
<b>SEE ALSO</b>
<a href="local.8.html">local(8)</a>, local delivery agent
<a href="newaliases.1.html">newaliases(1)</a>, create/update alias database
<a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a>, create/update alias database
<a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
<b>README FILES</b>
<a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
<b>LICENSE</b>
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
software.
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
ALIASES(5)
</pre> </body> </html>
|