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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
 <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="SGML-Tools 1.0.9">
 <TITLE>The Linux Kernel: ÍѸ콸</TITLE>
 <LINK HREF="The-Linux-Kernel-21.html" REL=next>
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</HEAD>
<BODY>
<A HREF="The-Linux-Kernel-21.html">¼¡¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸</A>
<A HREF="The-Linux-Kernel-19.html">Á°¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸</A>
<A HREF="The-Linux-Kernel.html#toc20">Ìܼ¡¤Ø</A>
<HR>
<H2><A NAME="chpter_g"></A> <A NAME="s20">20. ÍѸ콸</A></H2>

<P>
<FIGURE>
<PH VSPACE="1">
<IMG SRC="./The-Linux-Kernel-images/penguin2.gif">
</FIGURE>
<P>
<DL>
<DT><B>Argument</B><DD><P>´Ø¿ô¤ä¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ï½èÍý¤¹¤ë°ú¿ô¤òÅϤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
<P>
<DT><B>ARP</B><DD><P>Address Resolution Protocol. IP ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤òʪÍý¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ËÊÑ´¹
¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Ascii</B><DD><P>American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ¥¢¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥Ù¥Ã¥È¤Î¸Ä¡¹¤Îʸ»ú
¤Ï¡¢8 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¥³¡¼¥É¤Çɽ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£Ascii ¤Ï¡¢½ñ¤«¤ì¤¿Ê¸»ú¤òÊݸ¤¹¤ë¤Î¤ËºÇ¤âÉÑÈˤË
ÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£(ÌõÃí: Ascii ¥³¡¼¥É¤Ï¡¢7 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ç¤¹¡£)
<P>
<DT><B>Bit</B><DD><P>1 ¤« 0 (¥ª¥ó¤«¥ª¥Õ)¤òɽ¤¹ºÇ¾®Ã±°Ì¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¡£
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<DT><B><CODE>Bottom Half Handler</CODE></B><DD><P>¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëÆâ¤ÇÂÔ¤Á¹ÔÎó¤ËÅÐÏ¿¤µ¤ì¤¿»Å»ö¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¡£
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<A NAME="broadcast"></A> <DT><B>broadcast address(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>(ÌõÃí)¸Å¤¤ÂηϤˤϡ¢¥ª¡¼¥ë¥¼¥í¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¤È¤¤¤¦Êý¼°¤â¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤½¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡£
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RFC 1700 ¤«¤é¤Î¾¶Ìõ¤Ç¤¹¡£
<PRE>
   IP-address ::= { &lt;Network-number&gt;, &lt;Host-number&gt; }
       or
   IP-address ::= { &lt;Network-number&gt;, &lt;Subnet-number&gt;, &lt;Host-number&gt; }

¤Þ¤¿¡¢&quot;-1&quot; ¤È¤¤¤¦É½µ­¤ò»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¡¢¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¥Ó¥Ã¥È 1 ¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë
¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¡£¤è¤¯ÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤ëÆü쥱¡¼¥¹¤Ë¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£

   (a) {0, 0}
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...

   (c) { -1, -1}

     À©¸Â¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¡£Á÷¿®À襢¥É¥ì¥¹¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¤ß¡¢»ÈÍѤǤ­¤ë¡£
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     ³°¤Ë¥Õ¥©¥ï¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

   (d) {&lt;Network-number&gt;, -1}
     ¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¤Ï¡¢»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤ËÁ÷¤é¤ì¤ë¡£Á÷¿®À襢¥É¥ì¥¹
     ¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¤ß¡¢»ÈÍѤǤ­¤ë¡£

   (e) {&lt;Network-number&gt;, &lt;Subnet-number&gt;, -1}
     ¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¤Ï¡¢»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥µ¥Ö¥Í¥Ã¥È¤ËÁ÷¤é¤ì¤ë¡£Á÷¿®À襢¥É¥ì¥¹¤È
     ¤·¤Æ¤Î¤ß¡¢»ÈÍѤǤ­¤ë¡£

   (f) {&lt;Network-number&gt;, -1, -1}
     ¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¤Ï¡¢¥µ¥Ö¥Í¥Ã¥È²½¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤Î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥µ¥Ö¥Í¥Ã
     ¥È¤ËÁ÷¿®¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£Á÷¿®À襢¥É¥ì¥¹¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î¤ß¡¢»ÈÍѤǤ­¤ë¡£
</PRE>

(
<A HREF="http://www.ring.gr.jp/archives/doc/RFC/rfc1700.txt">RFC 1700</A>, J.Postel, October 1994)<BR>
<P>
<P>
<P>
<A NAME="buddy_algorithm"></A> <DT><B>buddy algorithm(buddy system)(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>¡Ö¤³¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ï 2 ¤ÎÎß¿ô¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤
(¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á¡¢4 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢8 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢16 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢32 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Ê¤É)¡£¤Þ¤¿¡¢ºÇ¾®¸Â¤Î³ä¤ê
Åö¤Æ¥µ¥¤¥º¤âÎ㤨¤Ð 8 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤È¤¤¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë·è¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ï¡¢¥Ú¥¢¤Ç½èÍý¤µ
¤ì¤ë¡£³Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ÊÒ³ä¤ì¡¢¤¤¤¤¤«¤¨¤ë¤È¡ÖÁêËÀ(buddy, ¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤Î¸ý¸ì¤Ç¡¢¡Ö
ͧã¡×¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¡£¾õ¶·¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡ÖŨ¡×¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë)¡×¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£
(p.119, ¡ÖUnix ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ÎËâË¡¡×¡¢B.Goodheart, J.Cox, ݯÀîµ®»Ê´ÆÌõ, ¥×¥ì¥ó¥Æ¥£¥¹
¥Û¡¼¥ë, 1997)
<P>
<DT><B>Byte</B><DD><P>8 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¡£
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<DT><B>C</B><DD><P>¹â¿å½à¥×¥í¥°¥é¥ß¥ó¥°¸À¸ì¡£Linux ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ÎÂçÉôʬ¤Ï C ¤Ç½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
<P>
<DT><B>CISC</B><DD><P>Complex Instruction Set Computer. RISC ¤ÎÈ¿ÂгµÇ°¡£Èó¾ï¤Ë¿¤¯¤Î¡¢¤·¤Ð¤·¤Ð
Ê£»¨¤Ê¥¢¥»¥ó¥Ö¥êÌ¿Îá¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¡£x86 ¥¢¡¼¥­¥Æ¥¯¥Á¥ã¤Ï CISC 
¥¢¡¼¥­¥Æ¥¯¥Á¥ã¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
<P>
<DT><B><CODE>CPU</CODE></B><DD><P>Central Processing Unit. ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Î¥á¥¤¥ó¥¨¥ó¥¸¥ó¡£microprocessor ¤È 
processor ¤â»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£
<P>
<A NAME="clock_tick"></A> <DT><B><CODE>clock tick(ÌõÃí)</CODE></B><DD><P>¡Ö(ÌõÃí)¥¯¥í¥Ã¥¯¥Á¥Ã¥¯¤ä¥¿¥¤¥Þ¥Á¥Ã¥¯¤È¤¤¤¦¸ÀÍդϡ¢¡Ö¥¿¥¤¥Þ³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤È¼¡¤Î¥¿¥¤
¥Þ³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤Î´Ö¤Î»þ´Ö¡×¤È¤¤¤¦°ÕÌ£¤Ç¤â»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¸ÀÍդǤ¹¤¬¡¢¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥¿¥¤¥Þ³ä¤ê
¹þ¤ß¤È¤¤¤¦¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¼«ÂΤò»Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¡×(p.143 Ãí1, ¡ÖLinux ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¡×
, Alessandro Rubini, »³ºê¹¯¹¨ »³ºêË®»ÒÌõ, O'Reilly Japan, 1998)<BR>
<P>¡Ö¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î OS ¤Ï¡¢²¿¤é¤«¤ÎÊýË¡¤Ç¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à»þ´Ö¤ò¬Äꤷ°Ý»ý¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
Ä̾¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à»þ´Ö¤ò¼ÂÁõ¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ë°ìÄê¤Î´Ö³Ö¤Ç³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤ò¥È¥ê¥¬
¤µ¤»¤ë¡£¤³¤Î³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤¬»þ´Ö¤ò¡Ö¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¡×¤¹¤ë¡£Linux ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à»þ´Ö
¤Ï¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à³«»Ï°Ê¹ß¤Î¡Ö¥Æ¥£¥Ã¥¯¡×¿ô¤Ç¬Äꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£1 ¥Æ¥£¥Ã¥¯¤Ï(ÌõÃí:¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç)
10 ¥ß¥êÉäËÅù¤·¤¤¤«¤é¡¢¥¿¥¤¥Þ³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤Ï 1 ÉÃ¤Ë 100 ²ó¥È¥ê¥¬¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£»þ´Ö¤Ï¼¡
¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤Ë³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
<PRE>
unsigned long volatile jiffies:
</PRE>

(p.57, ¡ÖLinux ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Ê¥ë¡×, M.Beck,Harald Bohme ¾, ³ô¼°²ñ¼Ò¥¯¥¤¥Ã¥¯
Ìõ, ¥Ô¥¢¥½¥ó, ¥¢¥¹¥­¡¼, 1999)
<P>
<P>
<DT><B>Data Structure</B><DD><P>¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¥á¥â¥êÆâ¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥»¥Ã¥È¤Ç¡¢Ê£¿ô¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤«¤é¹½À®¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
<P>
<DT><B>Device Driver</B><DD><P>ÆÃÄê¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òÀ©¸æ¤¹¤ë¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¡£¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢NCR 810 ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤Ï¡¢
NCR 810 SCSI ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òÀ©¸æ¤¹¤ë¡£
<P>
<A NAME="DMA"></A> <DT><B>DMA</B><DD><P>Direct Memory Access
<P>(ÌõÃí)<BR>
CPU °Ê³°¤¬¥á¥â¥ê¤ËľÀÜ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¹¤ëµ¡Ç½¡¦»ÅÁȤߡ£DMA ¤Ï¡¢½é´ü¤ÎÂç·¿¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿
¤Ê¤É¡¢ROM ¤ò»ý¤¿¤Ê¤¤¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¡¢¿Í¤¬¥á¥â¥ê¤Ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò½ñ¤­¹þ¤àºÝ¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤¬
ºÇ½é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£<BR>
¡Öº£Æü¤ÎÆþ½ÐÎÏ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¢¥¤¥Ç¥¢¤Î¿¤¯¤Ï¡¢IBM 360 ¤Î½é´ü¥â¥Ç¥ë¤Ç
½é¤á¤Æ¼ÂÍѤ˶¡¤»¤é¤ì¤¿¡£IBM 360 ¤Ï DMA ¤òËܳÊŪ¤ËºÎÍѤ·¤¿ºÇ½é¤Î¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£¡×
¡ÖIBM ¤Ï 1964 ǯ¤Ë¡¢IBM 360 ¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¤òȯɽ¤·¡¢....¡×
(p648/p390, ¡Ö¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Î¹½À®¤ÈÀß·×: ¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤È¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼
¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¹(Âè 2 ÈÇ)¡×, D. Patterson/J. Hennessy, À®Åĸ÷¸² Ìõ, Æü·Ð BP ¼Ò, 1999)
<P>
<DT><B>ELF</B><DD><P>Executable and Linkable Format. Unix System Laboratory ¤ÇÀ߷פµ¤ì¤¿
¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¡£º£Æü¤Ç¤Ï¡¢Linux ¾å¤ÇºÇ¤â°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë»ÈÍÑ
¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤È¤·¤Æ¤Î´°Á´¤ËÄêÃ夷¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
<P>
<DT><B>EIDE</B><DD><P>Extended IDE
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<DT><B>Executable image</B><DD><P>¥Þ¥·¥óÌ¿Îá¤È¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò´Þ¤à°ìÄê¤Î¹½Â¤¤ò»ý¤Ã¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡£¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢
¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î²¾ÁÛ¥á¥â¥ê¤Ë¥í¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£program ¤â
»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£
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<A NAME="FDDI"></A> <DT><B>FDDI(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>Fiber Distributed Data Interface¡£Åö½é¤Ï¸÷¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥Ð¡¼¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ëÀìÍѤÇÀ߷פµ¤ì¤¿¡£
¥ê¥ó¥°¾õ¤Î¼ç´´¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤Ë¡¢¥Ä¥ê¡¼¾õ¤Î»Þ¤¬¤Ö¤é¤µ¤¬¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Function</B><DD><P>²¿¤é¤«¤Î¹Ô°Ù¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¡£¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢¤Õ¤¿¤Ä¤Î¿ô»ú¤ÎÂ礭¤¤Êý¤òÊÖ¤¹¤Ê¤É¡£
<P>
<DT><B>IDE</B><DD><P>Integrated Disk Electronics.
<P>
<DT><B>Image</B><DD><P>executale image ¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£
<P>
<DT><B>IP</B><DD><P>Internet Protocol.
<P>
<DT><B>IPC</B><DD><P>Interprocess Communication(¥×¥í¥»¥¹´ÖÄÌ¿®).
<P>
<DT><B>Interface</B><DD><P>¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤¿¤ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿¹½Â¤¤òÅϤ¹ºÝ¤Îɸ½àŪ¤ÊÊýË¡¡£¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢¥³¡¼¥É¤Î
¤Õ¤¿¤Ä¤Î¥ì¥¤¥ä¡¼(layer, ÁØ)´Ö¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¹¤È¤Ï¡¢ÆÃÄê¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¹½Â¤¤òÅϤ·¤¿¤ê
ÊÖ¤·¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤¤¨¤ë¤À¤í¤¦¡£Linux ¤Î VFS ¤Ï¡¢¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¹¤Î
ŵ·¿¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ 
<P>
<DT><B>IRQ</B><DD><P>Interrupt ReQuest.
<P>
<DT><B>ISA</B><DD><P>Industry Standard Architecture. ¤³¤ì¤Ïɸ½àµ¬³Ê¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯
¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤Ê¤É¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¥ó¥Ý¡¼¥Í¥ó¥È¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡¢º£Æü¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤ä¤ä¸Å¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿
¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ð¥¹¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Kernel Module</B><DD><P>ưŪ¤Ë¥í¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤ë¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëµ¡Ç½¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ä¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð
¤Ê¤É¤ÇÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Kilobyte</B><DD><P>°ìÀé¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¡£K ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤È¤âɽµ­¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
(¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤Ç 1000 , ¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Ç¤Ï 1024 ¥Ð¥¤¥È)
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<A NAME="magic_number"></A> <DT><B>magic number(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëÉÕ°ʸ½ñ <CODE>
<A HREF="./The-Linux-Kernel-images/linux/Documentation/magic-number.txt">magic-number.txt</A></CODE> ¤Ë¾Ü¤·¤¤²òÀ⤬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ÆüËܸìÌõ¤Ï¡¢JF ¤Î
<A HREF="http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/kernel-docs-2.2/index.html">¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë 2.2 ÉÕ°ʸ½ñ</A>¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
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<A NAME="major_number"></A> <DT><B>major number(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëÉÕ°ʸ½ñ <CODE>
<A HREF="./The-Linux-Kernel-images/linux/Documentation/devices.txt">devices.txt</A></CODE> ¤Ë¾Ü¤·¤¤²òÀ⤬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ÆüËܸìÌõ¤Ï¡¢JF ¤Î
<A HREF="http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/kernel-docs-2.2/index.html">¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë 2.2 ÉÕ°ʸ½ñ</A>¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
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<DT><B>Megabyte</B><DD><P>É´Ëü¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¡£M ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤È¤âɽµ­¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Microprocessor</B><DD><P>¹âÅ٤˽¸ÀѤµ¤ì¤¿ CPU¡£¸½ºß¤ÎÂçÉôʬ¤Î CPU ¤Ï¥Þ¥¤¥¯¥í¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Module</B><DD><P>¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡£¥¢¥»¥ó¥Ö¥ê¸À¸ì¤ÎÌ¿Îᤫ C ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¹â¿å½à¸À¸ì¤«¤Î·Á¼°¤Î CPU Ì¿Îá¤ò
´Þ¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤ë¡£
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<A NAME="multicast"></A> <DT><B>multicast(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>°ìÈ̤ˡ¢¥æ¥Ë¥­¥ã¥¹¥È(unicast)¤Ï¡¢¡Ö°ìÂаì¡×¡¢¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥­¥ã¥¹¥È(multicast)¤Ï¡¢
¡Ö°ìÂÐÆÃÄê¿¿ô¡×¡¢¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥­¥ã¥¹¥È(broadcast)¤Ï¡¢¡Ö°ìÂÐÁ´Éô¡×¤Î´Ø·¸¤ËΩ¤Á¤Þ¤¹¡£
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<A NAME="network_trailer"></A> <DT><B>network trailer(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>¡ÖTrailer ¥«¥×¥»¥ë²½¥Õ¥ì¡¼¥à¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Ï 4.2 BSD ¤Îº¢¤Ë¥á¥â¥ê´Ö¤Î¥³¥Ô¡¼¤ò
¸úΨ¤è¤¯¹Ô¤¦¤¿¤á¤ËÆÃ¤Ë VAX ¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ËÆò½¤·¤¿¥Õ¥ì¡¼¥à¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È
¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£¸½ºß¤Ç¤Ï´û¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë(RFC 893)¡£¡×(p.37, ¡Ö¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥Èɸ
½à ¥¯¥¤¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥ì¥ó¥¹¡×, Ìîºä¾»¸ÊÃø, O'Reilly Japan, 1999)
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<DT><B>Object file</B><DD><P>¥Þ¥·¥ó¥³¡¼¥É¤È¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò´Þ¤à¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡£¼Â¹Ô¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤È¤Ê¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Â¾¤Î¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È
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<DT><B>Process</B><DD><P>¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¼ÂÂΤǤ¢¤ë¡£¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢Æ°ºîÃæ¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç
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<DT><B>Processor</B><DD><P>Microprocessor ¤Îά¾Î¡£CPU ¤ÈƱµÁ¡£
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<DT><B>PCI</B><DD><P>Peripheral Component Interconnect. ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¼þÊÕµ¡´ï¤òÁê¸ß¤Ë
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<DT><B>Program</B><DD><P>°ì´ÓÀ­¤ò¤â¤Ã¤¿ CPU Ì¿Îá¤Î¥»¥Ã¥È¡£"hello world" ¤Îɽ¼¨¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¥¿¥¹¥¯¤ò¼Â¹Ô
¤¹¤ë¡£executable image ¤â»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£
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<DT><B>Register</B><DD><P>¥Á¥Ã¥×Æâ¤Î°ìÄê¤Î¾ì½ê¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¾ðÊó¤äÌ¿Îá¤ÎÊÝ»ý¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>RISC</B><DD><P>Reduced Instruction Set Computer. CISC ¤ÎÈ¿ÂгµÇ°¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢Ã±½ã¤Ê½èÍý¤ò¤¹¤ë
¾¯¤Ê¤¤¥¢¥»¥ó¥Ö¥êÌ¿Îᤷ¤«»ý¤¿¤Ê¤¤¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¡£ARM ¤È Alpha ¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¤Ï
¤É¤Á¤é¤â RISC ¥¢¡¼¥­¥Æ¥¯¥Á¥ã¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Routine</B><DD><P>´Ø¿ô¤È»÷¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢¸·Ì©¤Ë¸À¤¦¤È¡¢¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤ÏÃͤòÊÖ¤µ¤Ê¤¤¡£
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<DT><B>SCSI</B><DD><P>Small Computer System Interface.
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<DT><B>Shell</B><DD><P>¤³¤ì¤Ï¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¿Í´Ö¤È¤Î´Ö¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¹
¤È¤·¤Æµ¡Ç½¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥·¥§¥ë¤È¤â¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¡¢Linux ¾å¤ÇºÇ¤â°ìÈÌŪ¤ËÍøÍѤµ¤ì
¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥·¥§¥ë¤Ï¡¢bash ¥·¥§¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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<A NAME="signal_mask"></A> <DT><B>signal mask(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>¡Ö(¥×¥í¥»¥¹)¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¥Þ¥¹¥¯¤Ï¡¢¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ËÆϤ«¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢¸½ºß¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë
¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤Î½¸¹ç¤òÄêµÁ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¥Þ¥¹¥¯¤Î i ÈÖÌܤΥӥåȤ¬ 1 ¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë
ÈÖ¹æ i ¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬ÆϤ«¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¡×¡Ö¤³¤³¤Ç½ÅÍפʤΤϡ¢
¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ËÆϤ«¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¡¢¤½¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò 
SIG_IGN ¤Ç̵»ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦ÅÀ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£Ìµ»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤Ï¡¢
¾­ÍèŬÀڤʻþÅÀ¤ÇÁ÷¤ê½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Þ¤ÇÊÝ»ý¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¼Î¤Æ¤é¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤Î¤Ç¤¢
¤ë¡£¡×(p.138, UNIX C ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥ß¥ó¥°, David A. Curry, ¥¢¥¹¥­¡¼½ñÀÒÊÔ½¸Éô´ÆÌõ, 
¥¢¥¹¥­¡¼½ÐÈÇ, 1997)
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<DT><B>SMP</B><DD><P>Symmetrical multiprocessing. Ê£¿ô¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¤ò»ý¤Ä¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢
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(ÌõÃí: Symmetric Multi-Processors ¤È¤â¤¤¤¦¡£)
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<DT><B>Socket</B><DD><P>¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤È¤Ï¡¢¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¥³¥Í¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î°ìÊý¤Îü¤òɽ¤¹¤â¤Î¡£Linux ¤Ï¡¢
BSD ¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¹¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
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<DT><B>Software</B><DD><P>CPU Ì¿Îá(¥¢¥»¥ó¥Ö¥é¤È C ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¹â¿å½à¸À¸ì¤ÎξÊý)¤È¥Ç¡¼¥¿¡£ÂçÉôʬ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤È¸À¤¤´¹¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
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<A NAME="sparse"></A> <DT><B>sparse address mapping scheme(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>(Alpha CPU ¤Ï¡¢32-bit ¤È 64-bit ¤Î¥í¡¼¥É¡¦¥¹¥È¥¢¤·¤«¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤ª¤é¤º¡¢
8-bit ¤ä 16-bit ¤Î¥í¡¼¥É¡¦¥¹¥È¥¢¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤»ÝÀâÌÀ¤·¡¢¤½¤Î¤³¤È¤ÎĹ½ê¤ò½Ò¤Ù¤¿¸å¤Ç)
¡Ö¥Ð¥¤¥Èñ°Ì¤Î¥í¡¼¥É¡¦¥¹¥È¥¢¤¬½ÐÍè¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¥»¥Þ¥Õ¥©¤ä¡¢I/O 
¥µ¥Ö¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÀ߷פ¬±Æ¶Á¤ò¼õ¤±¤¿¡£¤³¤Î I/O ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëÌäÂê¤ËÂФ¹¤ë Digital(DEC) ¤Î
²ò·èºö¤Ï¡¢I/O žÁ÷¤ÎºÝ¤Ë¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î²¼°Ì¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¥é¥¤¥ó(low-order address lines)
¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò»ØÄꤷ¡¢¸å¤Ç¤½¤ì¤ò¥Ç¥³¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¥Ð¥¤¥Èñ°Ì¤ÎžÁ÷¤ò
¼Â¸½¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¡£¤³¤Î½ê°â Sparse Addressing 
¤Ï¡¢¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö¤òϲÈñ¤¹¤ë¤È¤È¤â¤Ë¡¢¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¤È¤·¤Æ I/O ¶õ´Ö¤¬ÈóϢ³
(non-contiguous)¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¡£...¡×
(chpter 8, 
<A HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Alpha-HOWTO.html">Alpha-HOWTO</A>, Neal 
Crook, LDP, 1997)
<P>
<P>
<P>
<DT><B>System V</B><DD><P>1983 ǯ¤ËºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿ Unix ¤ÎÇÉÀ¸¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¡£¤³¤ì¤Ë¤Ï¡¢²¿¤Ë¤â¤Þ¤·¤Æ¡¢System 
V IPC ¥á¥«¥Ë¥º¥à¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£
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<DT><B>TCP</B><DD><P>Transmission Control Protocol.
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<DT><B>Task Queue</B><DD><P>Linux ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëÆâ¤Ç»Å»ö¤ò¸å²ó¤·¤Ë¤¹¤ë¥á¥«¥Ë¥º¥à¡£
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<A NAME="type_of_interrupts"></A> <DT><B>type of interrupts(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¡Ö¹â®¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é(faster version of IRQ handler)¡×¤È
¡ÖÄ㮥ϥó¥É¥é¡×¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£<CODE>/proc/interrupts</CODE> ¤Ç <CODE>+</CODE> µ­¹æ¤ÎÉÕ¤¤¤¿
³ä¤ê¹þ¤ßÈÖ¹æ¤Ï¡¢¡Ö¹â®¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¡×¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£
<P>¡Ö2 ¼ïÎà¤Î³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤Î¼ç¤Ê°ã¤¤¤Ï¡¢¹â®¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤Ï³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤Î¥¢¥È¥ß¥Ã¥¯¤Ê
½èÍý¤òÊݾڤ¹¤ë¤Î¤ËÂФ·¡¢Ä㮥ϥó¥É¥é¤Ï¤·¤Ê¤¤ÅÀ¤Ç¤¹¡£... Íפ¹¤ë¤Ë¡¢CPU ¤Î
¡Ö³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤òÍ­¸ú¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡×¥Õ¥é¥°¤Ï¹â®¤Ê¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤Î¼Â¹ÔÃæ¤Ë¤Ï¥ª¥Õ¤Ë¤µ¤ì¡¢¤É¤ó¤Ê
³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤Ë¤âÂн褷¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£°ìÊý¡¢Ä㮤ʥϥó¥É¥é¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢
¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤ÎÊó¹ð¤ò CPU Æâ¤ÇºÆÅÙÍ­¸ú¤Ë¤·¡¢Ä㮤ʥϥó¥É¥é¼Â¹ÔÃæ¤Ë¤â
¾¤Î³ä¤ê¹þ¤ß¤ËÂнè¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¡×(p.202, ¡ÖLinux ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¡×, 
Alessandro Rubini, »³ºê¹¯¹¨¡¦»³ºêË®»ÒÌõ, O'Reilly Japan, 1998)<BR>
¹â®¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤ÎÀâÌÀ
[in 
<A HREF="./The-Linux-Kernel-images/linux/include/asm-i386/irq.h">include/asm-i386/irq.h</A>]<BR>
Ä㮥ϥó¥É¥é¤ÎÀâÌÀ
[in 
<A HREF="./The-Linux-Kernel-images/linux/arch/i386/kernel/irq.c">arch/i386/kernel/irq.c</A>]
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<P>
<DT><B>UDP</B><DD><P>User Datagram Protocol.
<P>
<DT><B>Virtual Memory</B><DD><P>¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤ÎʪÍý¥á¥â¥ê¤ò¼ÂºÝ¤Î°Ê¾å¤ÎÍÆÎ̤˸«¤»¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤È
¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤È¤Î¥á¥«¥Ë¥º¥à¡£
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<A NAME="chapter_g_word"></A> <DT><B>word(ÌõÃí)</B><DD><P>¡Ö¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ÊÂÎó¤Ë±é»»¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£¡×
(p.321, ANSI C ¸À¸ì¼­Åµ, Ê¿ÎÓ²í±Ñ, µ»½ÑɾÏÀ¼Ò, 1997)<BR>
¡ÖCPU ¤È¥á¥â¥ê´Ö¤Ç°ì²ó¤Ë¼õ¤±ÅϤµ¤ì¤ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î´ðËÜñ°Ì¡£...8 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È CPU ¤Ï 1 
¥ï¡¼¥É¤¬ 8 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¡¢16 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È CPU ¤Ï 1 ¥ï¡¼¥É¤¬ 16 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¡¢32 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È CPU ¤Ï
1 ¥ï¡¼¥É¤¬ 32 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤È¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤¡£¡×
(p.848, ɸ½à¥Ñ¥½¥³¥óÍѸ켭ŵ, ´Æ½¤ÀÖËÙ´¦»Ê, ½¨ÏÂ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à, 1999)
<P>
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