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<H2><A NAME="s8">8. $B%I%a%$%s%M!<%`(B</A></H2>
<P>$B%3%s%T%e!<%?$NL>A0$r?t;z$G8F$V$N$O!"BgJQ6lDK$G$9!#$I$&$;$J$i5$$N(B
$B$-$$$?L>A0$K$7$?$$$G$7$g$&!#$7$+$7!"(BLAN $B$GB?$/$N%3%s%T%e!<%?$r@\(B
$BB3$9$k$H!"B>$N%3%s%T%e!<%?$HL>A0$,$V$D$+$k$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#@$3&Cf(B
$B$N$@$l$+$,<+J,$N9%$-$JL>A0$r4{$K;H$C$F$$$k$H$b8B$j$^$;$s!#%3%s%T%e(B
$B!<%?$KL>A0$r$D$1$k$@$1$G$J$/!"$=$l$r@$3&$G0l0U$K$^$H$a$k$?$a$N%7%9(B
$B%F%`$,9M0F$5$l$^$7$?!#%I%a%$%s%M!<%`%7%9%F%`$G$9!#(B
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss8.1">8.1 $B%3%s%T%e!<%?$NL>A0(B</A>
</H2>
<P>Internet $B$NIa5Z$G$9$C$+$j%I%a%$%s%M!<%`$b$J$8$^$l$k$h$&$K$J$j$^(B
$B$7$?!#%I%a%$%s%M!<%`$O!"%"%k%U%!%Y%C%H$H?t;z$+$i$J$kC18l$r%T%j%*(B
$B%I$G6h@Z$C$?$b$N$G$9!#$?$H$($P!"(B
<P>
<UL>
<LI>wuarchive.wustl.edu</LI>
<LI>garbo.uwasa.fi</LI>
<LI>www.yahoo.co.jp</LI>
</UL>
<P>$B$J$I$G$9!#%I%a%$%s%M!<%`%7%9%F%`$G$O!":8B&$K9T$/$[$I!"69$$HO0O$r(B
$B$"$i$o$7$^$9(B($B%I%a%$%s$H$ONN0h$N$3$H(B)$B!#=EMW$J9M$(J}$H$7$F!":G=i(B
$B$N%T%j%*%I$N:8B&$O%3%s%T%e!<%?$NL>A0$G!"%T%j%*%I$h$j1&B&$ONN0h(B
$B$NL>A0$G$"$k$H$$$&8+J}$,$"$j$^$9!#Nc$($P(B garbo.uwasa.fi $B$O!"(B
uwasa.fi $BNN0h$N(B garbo $B$H$$$&L>A0$N%3%s%T%e!<%?$G$9!#1&B&$NJ}(B
$B$,9-$$HO0O$H$$$&$N$O4q0[$K46$8$i$l$^$9$,!"Nc$($P%"%a%j%+$G$O=;=j(B
$B$r$3$&$$$&Iw$K=q$-$^$9!#(B
<P>$B30It$H@\B3$7$J$$$J$i$P$I$s$JL>A0$r$D$1$F$$$b$$$$$N$G$9$,!"8e$G$$(B
$B$m$$$m$J$3$H$,$o$+$k$h$&$K$J$C$?$H$-!"<+J,$,GO</$_$?$$$K46$8$k$N(B
$B$O$$$d$J$b$N$G$9!#$G$9$+$i!"$G$?$i$a$JL>A0$@$1$I!"5,B'$K$O=>$C$F(B
$B$$$k$H$$$&L?L>$r9T$$$^$7$g$&!#0lHV$$$$$N$O!V%$%s%?!<%M%C%H$G$N(B
$BLsB+;v$H$7$F!"Nc<($J$I$K;HMQ$9$k$?$a$KM=Ls$5$l$F$$$k%I%a%$%sL>!W(B
$B$rMxMQ$7$FL>$E$1$k$3$H$G$9!#$=$N>l9g$O!"(B
<P>$B%3%s%T%e!<%?L>(B.$BM=Ls%I%a%$%sL>(B (example.org $B$J$I(B)
<P>$B$H$7$^$9!#(B
<P>
<UL>
<LI>t-rex.example.com</LI>
<LI>microftxxx.example.net</LI>
<LI>ann.example.org</LI>
</UL>
<P>$B$J$I!"9%$-$K$7$F$/$@$5$$!#$?$@$7!"<B:]$KMxMQ$5$l$F$$$k2DG=@-$N(B
$B$"$k%I%a%$%sL>$O$G$-$k8B$jHr$1$k$h$&$K$7$F$/$@$5$$!#Nc$(30It$K(B
$B@\B3$7$J$$$D$b$j$G$b!"$$$D$+LdBj$r@8$8$k2DG=@-$,L5$$$H$O$$$($^$;$s!#(B
<P>$B%I%a%$%s%M!<%`$r;H$C$F%U%k%M!<%`$G!"$"$k%3%s%T%e!<%?$r<($9>l9g!"(B
$B$=$N%U%k%M!<%`$r(B FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) $B$H8F$V$3$H$O(B
$B3P$($F$*$-$^$7$g$&!#2<$NNc$O2M6u$NHkL)AH?%$G$"$k(B example.org $B$K$"$k(B
linux$B5!$NL>A0$G$9!#(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
+---- FQDN
|
___________________
ann.example.org
~~~ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
| |
| +-- $B%I%a%$%sL>(B
+------------ $B%I%a%$%s$NCf$G$NL>A0(B
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B7+$jJV$7$^$9$,!"$?$H$(@dBP$K30It$K%M%C%H%o!<%/$r@\B3$7$J$$$H(B
$B7h$a$F$$$?$H$7$F$b!"<B:_$9$kAH?%$N%I%a%$%sL>$r>!<j$K;H$&$3$H$O(B
$B!V2DG=$J8B$j!WHr$1$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss8.2">8.2 Linux$B$N(B/etc/hosts</A>
</H2>
<P>$B$5$F!"(BTCP/IP $B$G$O%3%s%T%e!<%?$r?t;z$G;XDj$7$^$9$,!"?M4V$O%I%a%$%s(B
$B%M!<%`%7%9%F%`$K$7$?$,$C$?L>A0$G;XDj$7$^$9!#%3%s%T%e!<%?$O$I$A$i(B
$B$GMW5a$,Mh$?>l9g$G$bBP1~$G$-$k$h$&$K$7$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#$7$?$,(B
$B$C$F!"%I%a%$%s%M!<%`$K$h$kL>A0$H!"?t;z$K$h$kL>A0$rBP1~$5$;$kI,MW(B
$B$,$"$j$^$9!#$3$NBP1~$r<h$k$?$a$N%G!<%?$r;}$D$N$,!"(BLinux$B$G$O(B
/etc/hosts $B$H$$$&%F%-%9%H%U%!%$%k$G$9!#$3$N%U%!%$%k$G$O!"(BIP $B%"%I%l(B
$B%9$H%3%s%T%e!<%?$NL>A0$r$J$i$Y$FBP1~$r<h$j$^$9!#$?$H$($P!"<!$N(B
$B$h$&$J%U%!%$%k$K$J$j$^$9!#(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
# local host
127.0.0.1 localhost
# my computers
192.168.1.1 ann.example.org # Linux
192.168.1.2 betty.example.org
192.168.1.3 clara.example.org
# end of file
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B>e$NNc$G!"(B#$B$KB3$/J8;z$O%3%a%s%H$H$7$FL5;k$5$l$^$9!#$^$?!"(B
127.0.0.1 $B$N9T$O$*$^$8$J$$$J$N$G!"I,$:I,MW$G$9!#$I$s$J%7%9%F%`(B
$B$G$bF3F~;~$K$3$N9T$OMQ0U$5$l$^$9$N$G>C5n$7$J$$$G$/$@$5$$!#$^$?(B
$B!"<+J,<+?H$N%"%I%l%9$HL>A0$bI,$:5-=R$7$^$9!#(B
<P>/etc/hosts $B$rJQ99$9$k$H!"%7%9%F%`$O<+F0E*$K$3$l$rG'<1$7$^$9!#(B
$B:FN)$A>e$2$J$I$OITMW$G$9!#(B
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss8.3">8.3 Windows$B$N(B\windows\hosts</A>
</H2>
<P>Windows95 $B$K$b!"(Bhosts$B%U%!%$%k$,I,MW$G$9!#$3$l$O!"(B
c:\windows\hosts $B$H$$$&L>A0$K$7$^$9!#(BWindows95
$B$K$O(B c:\windows\hosts.sam $B$H$$$&NcBj%U%!%$%k$,$"(B
$B$j$^$9$,!"$3$l$OL5;k$7$F!"(BLinux $B$N(B /etc/hosts $B$H$=$C$/$jF1$8(B
$BJ*$r:n$C$F(B hosts $B%U%!%$%k$H$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
<P>\windows\hosts $B$rJQ99$9$k$H!"%7%9%F%`$O<+F0E*(B
$B$K$3$l$rG'<1$7$^$9!#:FN)$A>e$2$J$I$OITMW$G$9!#(B
<H2><A NAME="ss8.4">8.4 MacOS$B$N(Bhosts</A>
</H2>
<P>$B$3$$$D$OFqJ*$H$$$&Dx$G$b$J$$$N$G$9$,!"Cm0U$,I,MW$G$9!#(B
Mac $B$N(B Hosts $B$O(B Linux $B$N(B /etc/hosts $B$H$O=q<0$,0c$$$^$9!#(B
$B=q<0$rNc$G<($7$^$7$g$&(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
; local host
localhost.example.org A 127.0.0.1
localhost CNAME localhost.example.org
; my computers
ann.example.org A 192.168.1.1
betty.example.org A 192.168.1.2
clara.example.org A 192.168.1.3
; end of file
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B%I%a%$%sL>$K$h$kL>A0$H(B IP $B%"%I%l%9$N=gHV$,(B Linux $B$N(B hosts $B$HF~$lBX(B
$B$o$C$F$$$^$9!#$^$?!"L>A0$H(B IP $B%"%I%l%9$N4V$K(B A $B$H$$$&5-9f$,$"$j$^$9!#(B
<P>$B2C$($F!"(Blocalhost $B$,(B Linux $B$H0c$C$F(B FQDN $B$GDj5A$5$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
$B3'$5$s$,(B localhost $B$rDj5A$9$k$H$-$K$O!"(Blocalhost.dsicovery.co.jp $B$N(B
$B%I%a%$%sL>$NItJ,$r<+J,$,;HMQ$9$k(B
$B$b$N$H<h$jBX$($^$9!#$3$l$O!"(B2 $B9T$I$A$i$K$b$$$($^$9!#@5D>?=$7>e(B
$B$2$F(B localhost $B$NDj5A$,I,MW$+$I$&$+;d$K$O$o$+$j$^$;$s!#$:$$$V$s(B
Open Transport $B$N%5%$%H$J$I$b5y$C$?$N$G$9$,!"K~B-$N$$$/@bL@$O(B
$B$"$j$^$;$s$G$7$?!#;d$O0B?4$N$?$a$KF~$l$F$$$^$9!#(B
<P>hosts $B$rCV$/>l=j$O7h$^$C$F$$$J$$$N$G$9$,!"$3$l$K$D$$$F$O(B
$B$"$H$G:FEY@bL@$7$^$9!#(B
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss8.5">8.5 DNS</A>
</H2>
<P>/etc/hosts $B$r<j:n6H$GAH$_9~$`$N$O!"AH?%$,Bg$-$/$J$k$HBgJQ(B
$B$G$9!#$=$3$G(B DNS ( Domain Name Server)$B$H$$$&$b$N$,(B
$B3+H/$5$l$^$7$?!#$3(B
$B$l$O!"%M%C%H%o!<%/>e$K$"$kFCDj$N%3%s%T%e!<%?$,B>$N%3%s%T(B
$B%e!<%?$KL>A0$H(B IP $B%"%I%l%9$NAH$_9g$o$;$r65$($F$/$l$k;EAH$_(B
$B$G$9!#$3$N@hJY6/$7$?8e$KD)@o$9$k$N$bLLGr$$$H;W$$$^$9$,!"(B
$B$H$j$"$($::#$O;H$$$^$;$s!#(B
<P>$B2q<R$G%M%C%H%o!<%/$K%3%s%T%e!<%?$r@\B3$9$k$H$-$K$O!"4IM}<T(B
$B$K(B DNS $B%5!<%P!<$N%"%I%l%9$rLd$$9g$o$;$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
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