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<TITLE>BASH Programming - Introduction HOW-TO: ÊÑ¿ô (variable)</TITLE>
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<H2><A NAME="s5">5. ÊÑ¿ô (variable)</A></H2>
<P>ÊÑ¿ô¤ò»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¸À¸ì¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤¿¤À¡¢<CODE>bash</CODE> ¤Ë¤Ï¥Ç¡¼¥¿
·¿(data type)¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£<CODE>bash</CODE> ¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤Ï¡¢¿ô»ú¡¢Ê¸»ú¡¢Ê¸»úÎó¤ò³ÊǼ
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<P>ÊÑ¿ô¤òÀë¸À¤¹¤ëɬÍפϤʤ¯¡¢»²¾È¤¹¤Ù¤ÊÑ¿ô¤ËÃͤòÂåÆþ¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢¤½¤ì¤À¤±¤Ç
ºîÀ®¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
<P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss5.1">5.1 ¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë: ÊÑ¿ô¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿ Hello World!</A>
</H2>
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
#!/bin/bash
STR="Hello World!"
echo $STR
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<P>2 ¹ÔÌÜ¤Ç <CODE>STR</CODE> ¤È¤¤¤¦ÊÑ¿ô¤òºî¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ë <CODE>"Hello World"</CODE> ¤È¤¤
¤¦Ê¸»úÎó¤òÂåÆþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤Î¡ÖÃ͡פÏÊÑ¿ô¤ÎºÇ½é¤Ë "<CODE>$</CODE>" ¤òÃÖ¤¯
¤³¤È¤Ç¼è¤ê½Ð¤»¤Þ¤¹¡£
¤â¤· "<CODE>$</CODE>" ¤È¤¤¤¦µ¹æ¤ò»È¤ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤é¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î½ÐÎϤϰ㤦¤â¤Î¤È¤Ê
¤ê¡¢Ë¾¤ó¤À·ë²Ì¤òÆÀ¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤òÍý²ò¤·¤Æ(¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤Æ)¤¯¤À
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<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss5.2">5.2 ¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë: Èó¾ï¤Ë¥·¥ó¥×¥ë¤Ê¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È(²þÎÉÈÇ)</A>
</H2>
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
#!/bin/bash
OF=/var/my-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tgz
tar -cZf $OF /home/me/
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<P>¾åµ¤Î¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ï¡¢º£¤Þ¤Ç¤È¤Ï¾¯¤·°ã¤¦¤³¤È¤ò¾Ò²ð¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤Þ¤ºÆó¹ÔÌܤˤ¢¤ë
ÊÑ¿ô¤ÎºîÀ®¤ÈÂåÆþ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¤â¤¦´·¤ì¤¿¤È»×¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
¤Ç¤Ï¡¢"<CODE>$(date +%Y%m%d)</CODE>" ¤È¤¤¤¦É½¸½¤ËÃíÌܤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢´Ý¥«¥Ã¥³¤Î¤Ê¤«¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤Æ¡¢¤½¤Î½ÐÎϤ¬
¼è¤ê¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
<P>
<P>¤³¤Î¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¢<CODE>date</CODE> ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î(+%Y%m%d)¤È¤¤¤¦½ñ¼°¥¹¥¤¥Ã¥Á¤Ë½¾¤Ã
¤Æ¡¢½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬ËèÆüÊѤï¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÃí°Õ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£°ã¤Ã¤¿½ñ¼°¤ò»ØÄê
¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢¤³¤ì¤È¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
<P>¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î»²¹Í»öÎã¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢
<UL>
<LI><CODE>echo ls</CODE></LI>
<LI><CODE>echo $(ls)</CODE></LI>
</UL>
¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
<P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ss5.3">5.3 ¥í¡¼¥«¥ëÊÑ¿ô</A>
</H2>
<P>¥í¡¼¥«¥ëÊÑ¿ô¤Ï¡¢<CODE>local</CODE> ¤È¤¤¤¦¥¡¼¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤
¤Þ¤¹¡£
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
#!/bin/bash
HELLO=Hello
function hello {
local HELLO=World
echo $HELLO
}
echo $HELLO
hello
echo $HELLO
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>¥í¡¼¥«¥ëÊÑ¿ô¤Î»È¤¤Êý¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢°Ê¾å¤ÎÎã¤Ç½¼Ê¬¤«¤È»×¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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