This file is indexed.

/usr/share/perl5/Image/ExifTool/Jpeg2000.pm is in libimage-exiftool-perl 10.40-1.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File:         Jpeg2000.pm
#
# Description:  Read JPEG 2000 meta information
#
# Revisions:    02/11/2005 - P. Harvey Created
#               06/22/2007 - PH Added write support (EXIF, IPTC and XMP only)
#
# References:   1) http://www.jpeg.org/public/fcd15444-2.pdf
#               2) ftp://ftp.remotesensing.org/jpeg2000/fcd15444-1.pdf
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000;

use strict;
use vars qw($VERSION);
use Image::ExifTool qw(:DataAccess :Utils);

$VERSION = '1.26';

sub ProcessJpeg2000Box($$$);

my %resolutionUnit = (
    -3 => 'km',
    -2 => '100 m',
    -1 => '10 m',
     0 => 'm',
     1 => '10 cm',
     2 => 'cm',
     3 => 'mm',
     4 => '0.1 mm',
     5 => '0.01 mm',
     6 => 'um',
);

# map of where information is written in JPEG2000 image
my %jp2Map = (
    IPTC         => 'UUID-IPTC',
    IFD0         => 'UUID-EXIF',
    XMP          => 'UUID-XMP',
   'UUID-IPTC'   => 'JP2',
   'UUID-EXIF'   => 'JP2',
   'UUID-XMP'    => 'JP2',
  # jp2h         => 'JP2',  (not yet functional)
  # ICC_Profile  => 'jp2h', (not yet functional)
    IFD1         => 'IFD0',
    EXIF         => 'IFD0', # to write EXIF as a block
    ExifIFD      => 'IFD0',
    GPS          => 'IFD0',
    SubIFD       => 'IFD0',
    GlobParamIFD => 'IFD0',
    PrintIM      => 'IFD0',
    InteropIFD   => 'ExifIFD',
    MakerNotes   => 'ExifIFD',
);

# UUID's for writable UUID directories (by tag name)
my %uuid = (
    'UUID-EXIF'   => 'JpgTiffExif->JP2',
    'UUID-EXIF2'  => '',    # (flags a warning when writing)
    'UUID-EXIF_bad' => '0', # (flags a warning when reading and writing)
    'UUID-IPTC'   => "\x33\xc7\xa4\xd2\xb8\x1d\x47\x23\xa0\xba\xf1\xa3\xe0\x97\xad\x38",
    'UUID-XMP'    => "\xbe\x7a\xcf\xcb\x97\xa9\x42\xe8\x9c\x71\x99\x94\x91\xe3\xaf\xac",
  # (can't yet write GeoJP2 information)
  # 'UUID-GeoJP2' => "\xb1\x4b\xf8\xbd\x08\x3d\x4b\x43\xa5\xae\x8c\xd7\xd5\xa6\xce\x03",
);

# JPEG2000 codestream markers (ref ISO/IEC FCD15444-1/2)
my %j2cMarker = (
    0x4f => 'SOC', # start of codestream
    0x51 => 'SIZ', # image and tile size
    0x52 => 'COD', # coding style default
    0x53 => 'COC', # coding style component
    0x55 => 'TLM', # tile-part lengths
    0x57 => 'PLM', # packet length, main header
    0x58 => 'PLT', # packet length, tile-part header
    0x5c => 'QCD', # quantization default
    0x5d => 'QCC', # quantization component
    0x5e => 'RGN', # region of interest
    0x5f => 'POD', # progression order default
    0x60 => 'PPM', # packed packet headers, main
    0x61 => 'PPT', # packed packet headers, tile-part
    0x63 => 'CRG', # component registration
    0x64 => 'CME', # comment and extension
    0x90 => 'SOT', # start of tile-part
    0x91 => 'SOP', # start of packet
    0x92 => 'EPH', # end of packet header
    0x93 => 'SOD', # start of data
    # extensions (ref ISO/IEC FCD15444-2)
    0x70 => 'DCO', # variable DC offset
    0x71 => 'VMS', # visual masking
    0x72 => 'DFS', # downsampling factor style
    0x73 => 'ADS', # arbitrary decomposition style
  # 0x72 => 'ATK', # arbitrary transformation kernels ?
    0x78 => 'CBD', # component bit depth
    0x74 => 'MCT', # multiple component transformation definition
    0x75 => 'MCC', # multiple component collection
    0x77 => 'MIC', # multiple component intermediate collection
    0x76 => 'NLT', # non-linearity point transformation
);

# JPEG 2000 "box" (ie. atom) names
# Note: only tags with a defined "Format" are extracted
%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::Main = (
    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
    PROCESS_PROC => \&ProcessJpeg2000Box,
    WRITE_PROC => \&ProcessJpeg2000Box,
    PREFERRED => 1, # always add these tags when writing
    NOTES => q{
        The tags below are extracted from JPEG 2000 images, however ExifTool
        currently writes only EXIF, IPTC and XMP tags in these images.
    },
   'jP  ' => 'JP2Signature', # (ref 1)
   "jP\x1a\x1a" => 'JP2Signature', # (ref 2)
    prfl => 'Profile',
    ftyp => {
        Name => 'FileType',
        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::FileType' },
    },
    rreq => 'ReaderRequirements',
    jp2h => {
        Name => 'JP2Header',
        SubDirectory => { },
    },
        # JP2Header sub boxes...
        ihdr => {
            Name => 'ImageHeader',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::ImageHeader',
            },
        },
        bpcc => 'BitsPerComponent',
        colr => {
            Name => 'ColorSpecification',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::ColorSpec',
            },
        },
        pclr => 'Palette',
        cdef => 'ComponentDefinition',
       'res '=> {
            Name => 'Resolution',
            SubDirectory => { },
        },
            # Resolution sub boxes...
            resc => {
                Name => 'CaptureResolution',
                SubDirectory => {
                    TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::CaptureResolution',
                },
            },
            resd => {
                Name => 'DisplayResolution',
                SubDirectory => {
                    TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::DisplayResolution',
                },
            },
    jpch => {
        Name => 'CodestreamHeader',
        SubDirectory => { },
    },
        # CodestreamHeader sub boxes...
       'lbl '=> {
            Name => 'Label',
            Format => 'string',
        },
        cmap => 'ComponentMapping',
        roid => 'ROIDescription',
    jplh => {
        Name => 'CompositingLayerHeader',
        SubDirectory => { },
    },
        # CompositingLayerHeader sub boxes...
        cgrp => 'ColorGroup',
        opct => 'Opacity',
        creg => 'CodestreamRegistration',
    dtbl => 'DataReference',
    ftbl => {
        Name => 'FragmentTable',
        Subdirectory => { },
    },
        # FragmentTable sub boxes...
        flst => 'FragmentList',
    cref => 'Cross-Reference',
    mdat => 'MediaData',
    comp => 'Composition',
    copt => 'CompositionOptions',
    inst => 'InstructionSet',
    asoc => 'Association',
    nlst => 'NumberList',
    bfil => 'BinaryFilter',
    drep => 'DesiredReproductions',
        # DesiredReproductions sub boxes...
        gtso => 'GraphicsTechnologyStandardOutput',
    chck => 'DigitalSignature',
    mp7b => 'MPEG7Binary',
    free => 'Free',
    jp2c => 'ContiguousCodestream',
    jp2i => {
        Name => 'IntellectualProperty',
        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::XMP::Main' },
    },
   'xml '=> {
        Name => 'XML',
        Writable => 'undef',
        Flags => [ 'Binary', 'Protected', 'BlockExtract' ],
        List => 1,
        Notes => q{
            by default, the XML data in this tag is parsed using the ExifTool XMP module
            to to allow individual tags to be accessed when reading, but it may also be
            extracted as a block via the "XML" tag, which is also how this tag is
            written and copied.  This is a List-type tag because multiple XML blocks may
            exist
        },
        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::XMP::Main' },
    },
    uuid => [
        {
            Name => 'UUID-EXIF',
            # (this is the EXIF that we create)
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^JpgTiffExif->JP2(?!Exif\0\0)/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::Main',
                ProcessProc => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessTIFF,
                WriteProc => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteTIFF,
                DirName => 'EXIF',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-EXIF2',
            # written by Photoshop 7.01+Adobe JPEG2000-plugin v1.5
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^\x05\x37\xcd\xab\x9d\x0c\x44\x31\xa7\x2a\xfa\x56\x1f\x2a\x11\x3e/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::Main',
                ProcessProc => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessTIFF,
                WriteProc => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteTIFF,
                DirName => 'EXIF',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-EXIF_bad',
            # written by Digikam
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^JpgTiffExif->JP2/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::Main',
                ProcessProc => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessTIFF,
                WriteProc => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteTIFF,
                DirName => 'EXIF',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 22',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-IPTC',
            # (this is the IPTC that we create)
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^\x33\xc7\xa4\xd2\xb8\x1d\x47\x23\xa0\xba\xf1\xa3\xe0\x97\xad\x38/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::IPTC::Main',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-IPTC2',
            # written by Photoshop 7.01+Adobe JPEG2000-plugin v1.5
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^\x09\xa1\x4e\x97\xc0\xb4\x42\xe0\xbe\xbf\x36\xdf\x6f\x0c\xe3\x6f/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::IPTC::Main',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-XMP',
            # ref http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/pdfs/xmpspec.pdf
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^\xbe\x7a\xcf\xcb\x97\xa9\x42\xe8\x9c\x71\x99\x94\x91\xe3\xaf\xac/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::XMP::Main',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-GeoJP2',
            # ref http://www.remotesensing.org/jpeg2000/
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^\xb1\x4b\xf8\xbd\x08\x3d\x4b\x43\xa5\xae\x8c\xd7\xd5\xa6\xce\x03/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::Main',
                ProcessProc => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessTIFF,
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-Photoshop',
            # written by Photoshop 7.01+Adobe JPEG2000-plugin v1.5
            Condition => '$$valPt=~/^\x2c\x4c\x01\x00\x85\x04\x40\xb9\xa0\x3e\x56\x21\x48\xd6\xdf\xeb/',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Photoshop::Main',
                Start => '$valuePtr + 16',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'UUID-Unknown',
        },
        # also written by Adobe JPEG2000 plugin v1.5:
        # 3a 0d 02 18 0a e9 41 15 b3 76 4b ca 41 ce 0e 71 - 1 byte (01)
        # 47 c9 2c cc d1 a1 45 81 b9 04 38 bb 54 67 71 3b - 1 byte (01)
        # bc 45 a7 74 dd 50 4e c6 a9 f6 f3 a1 37 f4 7e 90 - 4 bytes (00 00 00 32)
        # d7 c8 c5 ef 95 1f 43 b2 87 57 04 25 00 f5 38 e8 - 4 bytes (00 00 00 32)
    ],
    uinf => {
        Name => 'UUIDInfo',
        SubDirectory => { },
    },
        # UUIDInfo sub boxes...
        ulst => 'UUIDList',
       'url '=> {
            Name => 'URL',
            Format => 'string',
        },
);

%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::ImageHeader = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
    0 => {
        Name => 'ImageHeight',
        Format => 'int32u',
    },
    4 => {
        Name => 'ImageWidth',
        Format => 'int32u',
    },
    8 => {
        Name => 'NumberOfComponents',
        Format => 'int16u',
    },
    10 => {
        Name => 'BitsPerComponent',
        PrintConv => q{
            $val == 0xff and return 'Variable';
            my $sign = ($val & 0x80) ? 'Signed' : 'Unsigned';
            return (($val & 0x7f) + 1) . " Bits, $sign";
        },
    },
    11 => {
        Name => 'Compression',
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Uncompressed',
            1 => 'Modified Huffman',
            2 => 'Modified READ',
            3 => 'Modified Modified READ',
            4 => 'JBIG',
            5 => 'JPEG',
            6 => 'JPEG-LS',
            7 => 'JPEG 2000',
            8 => 'JBIG2',
        },
    },
);

# (ref fcd15444-1/2/6.pdf)
# (also see http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/QuickTime/QTFF/QTFFChap1/qtff1.html)
%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::FileType = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Video' },
    FORMAT => 'int32u',
    0 => {
        Name => 'MajorBrand',
        Format => 'undef[4]',
        PrintConv => {
            'jp2 ' => 'JPEG 2000 Image (.JP2)',           # image/jp2
            'jpm ' => 'JPEG 2000 Compound Image (.JPM)',  # image/jpm
            'jpx ' => 'JPEG 2000 with extensions (.JPX)', # image/jpx
        },
    },
    1 => {
        Name => 'MinorVersion',
        Format => 'undef[4]',
        ValueConv => 'sprintf("%x.%x.%x", unpack("nCC", $val))',
    },
    2 => {
        Name => 'CompatibleBrands',
        Format => 'undef[$size-8]',
        # ignore any entry with a null, and return others as a list
        ValueConv => 'my @a=($val=~/.{4}/sg); @a=grep(!/\0/,@a); \@a',
    },
);

%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::CaptureResolution = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
    FORMAT => 'int8s',
    0 => {
        Name => 'CaptureYResolution',
        Format => 'rational32u',
    },
    4 => {
        Name => 'CaptureXResolution',
        Format => 'rational32u',
    },
    8 => {
        Name => 'CaptureYResolutionUnit',
        SeparateTable => 'ResolutionUnit',
        PrintConv => \%resolutionUnit,
    },
    9 => {
        Name => 'CaptureXResolutionUnit',
        SeparateTable => 'ResolutionUnit',
        PrintConv => \%resolutionUnit,
    },
);

%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::DisplayResolution = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
    FORMAT => 'int8s',
    0 => {
        Name => 'DisplayYResolution',
        Format => 'rational32u',
    },
    4 => {
        Name => 'DisplayXResolution',
        Format => 'rational32u',
    },
    8 => {
        Name => 'DisplayYResolutionUnit',
        SeparateTable => 'ResolutionUnit',
        PrintConv => \%resolutionUnit,
    },
    9 => {
        Name => 'DisplayXResolutionUnit',
        SeparateTable => 'ResolutionUnit',
        PrintConv => \%resolutionUnit,
    },
);

%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::ColorSpec = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
    FORMAT => 'int8s',
    0 => {
        Name => 'ColorSpecMethod',
        RawConv => '$$self{ColorSpecMethod} = $val',
        PrintConv => {
            1 => 'Enumerated',
            2 => 'Restricted ICC',
            3 => 'Any ICC',
            4 => 'Vendor Color',
        },
    },
    1 => 'ColorSpecPrecedence',
    2 => {
        Name => 'ColorSpecApproximation',
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Not Specified',
            1 => 'Accurate',
            2 => 'Exceptional Quality',
            3 => 'Reasonable Quality',
            4 => 'Poor Quality',
        },
    },
    3 => [
        {
            Name => 'ICC_Profile',
            Condition => q{
                $$self{ColorSpecMethod} == 2 or
                $$self{ColorSpecMethod} == 3
            },
            Format => 'undef[$size-3]',
            SubDirectory => {
                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::ICC_Profile::Main',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'ColorSpace',
            Condition => '$$self{ColorSpecMethod} == 1',
            Format => 'int32u',
            PrintConv => { # ref 15444-2 2002-05-15
                0 => 'Bi-level',
                1 => 'YCbCr(1)',
                3 => 'YCbCr(2)',
                4 => 'YCbCr(3)',
                9 => 'PhotoYCC',
                11 => 'CMY',
                12 => 'CMYK',
                13 => 'YCCK',
                14 => 'CIELab',
                15 => 'Bi-level(2)', # (incorrectly listed as 18 in 15444-2 2000-12-07)
                16 => 'sRGB',
                17 => 'Grayscale',
                18 => 'sYCC',
                19 => 'CIEJab',
                20 => 'e-sRGB',
                21 => 'ROMM-RGB',
                # incorrect in 15444-2 2000-12-07
                #22 => 'sRGB based YCbCr',
                #23 => 'YPbPr(1125/60)',
                #24 => 'YPbPr(1250/50)',
                22 => 'YPbPr(1125/60)',
                23 => 'YPbPr(1250/50)',
                24 => 'e-sYCC',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'ColorSpecData',
            Format => 'undef[$size-3]',
            Binary => 1,
        },
    ],
);

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Create new JPEG 2000 boxes when writing
# (Currently only supports adding top-level Writable JPEG2000 tags and certain UUID boxes)
# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object ref, 1) Output file or scalar ref
# Returns: 1 on success
sub CreateNewBoxes($$)
{
    my ($et, $outfile) = @_;
    my $addTags = $$et{AddJp2Tags};
    my $addDirs = $$et{AddJp2Dirs};
    delete $$et{AddJp2Tags};
    delete $$et{AddJp2Dirs};
    my ($tag, $dirName);
    # add JPEG2000 tags
    foreach $tag (sort keys %$addTags) {
        my $tagInfo = $$addTags{$tag};
        my $nvHash = $et->GetNewValueHash($tagInfo);
        # (native JPEG2000 information is always preferred, so don't check IsCreating)
        next unless $$tagInfo{List} or $et->IsOverwriting($nvHash) > 0;
        next if $$nvHash{EditOnly};
        my @vals = $et->GetNewValue($nvHash);
        my $val;
        foreach $val (@vals) {
            my $boxhdr = pack('N', length($val) + 8) . $$tagInfo{TagID};
            Write($outfile, $boxhdr, $val) or return 0;
            ++$$et{CHANGED};
            $et->VerboseValue("+ Jpeg2000:$$tagInfo{Name}", $val);
        }
    }
    # add UUID boxes
    foreach $dirName (sort keys %$addDirs) {
        next unless $uuid{$dirName};
        my $tagInfo;
        foreach $tagInfo (@{$Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::Main{uuid}}) {
            next unless $$tagInfo{Name} eq $dirName;
            my $subdir = $$tagInfo{SubDirectory};
            my $tagTable = GetTagTable($$subdir{TagTable});
            my %dirInfo = (
                DirName => $$subdir{DirName} || $dirName,
                Parent => 'JP2',
            );
            # remove "UUID-" from start of directory name to allow appropriate
            # directories to be written as a block
            $dirInfo{DirName} =~ s/^UUID-//;
            my $newdir = $et->WriteDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTable, $$subdir{WriteProc});
            if (defined $newdir and length $newdir) {
                my $boxhdr = pack('N', length($newdir) + 24) . 'uuid' . $uuid{$dirName};
                Write($outfile, $boxhdr, $newdir) or return 0;
                last;
            }
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Process JPEG 2000 box
# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) dirInfo reference, 2) Pointer to tag table
# Returns: 1 on success when reading, or -1 on write error
#          (or JP2 box or undef when writing from buffer)
sub ProcessJpeg2000Box($$$)
{
    my ($et, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
    my $dataPt = $$dirInfo{DataPt};
    my $dataLen = $$dirInfo{DataLen};
    my $dataPos = $$dirInfo{DataPos};
    my $dirLen = $$dirInfo{DirLen} || 0;
    my $dirStart = $$dirInfo{DirStart} || 0;
    my $base = $$dirInfo{Base} || 0;
    my $raf = $$dirInfo{RAF};
    my $outfile = $$dirInfo{OutFile};
    my $dirEnd = $dirStart + $dirLen;
    my ($err, $outBuff, $verbose);

    if ($outfile) {
        unless ($raf) {
            # buffer output to be used for return value
            $outBuff = '';
            $outfile = \$outBuff;
        }
    } else {
        # (must not set verbose flag when writing!)
        $verbose = $$et{OPTIONS}{Verbose};
        $et->VerboseDir($$dirInfo{DirName}) if $verbose;
    }
    # loop through all contained boxes
    my ($pos, $boxLen);
    for ($pos=$dirStart; ; $pos+=$boxLen) {
        my ($boxID, $buff, $valuePtr);
        my $hdrLen = 8;     # the box header length
        if ($raf) {
            $dataPos = $raf->Tell() - $base;
            my $n = $raf->Read($buff,$hdrLen);
            unless ($n == $hdrLen) {
                $n and $err = '', last;
                if ($outfile) {
                    CreateNewBoxes($et, $outfile) or $err = 1;
                }
                last;
            }
            $dataPt = \$buff;
            $dirLen = $dirEnd = $hdrLen;
            $pos = 0;
        } elsif ($pos >= $dirEnd - $hdrLen) {
            $err = '' unless $pos == $dirEnd;
            last;
        }
        $boxLen = unpack("x$pos N",$$dataPt);   # (length includes header and data)
        $boxID = substr($$dataPt, $pos+4, 4);
        $pos += $hdrLen;                # move to end of box header
        if ($boxLen == 1) {
            # box header contains an additional 8-byte integer for length
            $hdrLen += 8;
            if ($raf) {
                my $buf2;
                if ($raf->Read($buf2,8) == 8) {
                    $buff .= $buf2;
                    $dirLen = $dirEnd = $hdrLen;
                }
            }
            $pos > $dirEnd - 8 and $err = '', last;
            my ($hi, $lo) = unpack("x$pos N2",$$dataPt);
            $hi and $err = "Can't currently handle JPEG 2000 boxes > 4 GB", last;
            $pos += 8;                  # move to end of extended-length box header
            $boxLen = $lo - $hdrLen;    # length of remaining box data
        } elsif ($boxLen == 0) {
            if ($raf) {
                if ($outfile) {
                    CreateNewBoxes($et, $outfile) or $err = 1;
                    # copy over the rest of the file
                    Write($outfile, $$dataPt) or $err = 1;
                    while ($raf->Read($buff, 65536)) {
                        Write($outfile, $buff) or $err = 1;
                    }
                } elsif ($verbose) {
                    my $msg = sprintf("offset 0x%.4x to end of file", $dataPos + $base + $pos);
                    $et->VPrint(0, "$$et{INDENT}- Tag '$boxID' ($msg)\n");
                }
                last;   # (ignore the rest of the file when reading)
            }
            $boxLen = $dirEnd - $pos;   # data runs to end of file
        } else {
            $boxLen -= $hdrLen;         # length of remaining box data
        }
        $boxLen < 0 and $err = 'Invalid JPEG 2000 box length', last;
        my $tagInfo = $et->GetTagInfo($tagTablePtr, $boxID);
        unless (defined $tagInfo or $verbose) {
            # no need to process this box
            if ($raf) {
                if ($outfile) {
                    Write($outfile, $$dataPt) or $err = 1;
                    $raf->Read($buff,$boxLen) == $boxLen or $err = '', last;
                    Write($outfile, $buff) or $err = 1;
                } else {
                    $raf->Seek($boxLen, 1) or $err = 'Seek error', last;
                }
            } elsif ($outfile) {
                Write($outfile, substr($$dataPt, $pos-$hdrLen, $boxLen+$hdrLen)) or $err = '', last;
            }
            next;
        }
        if ($raf) {
            # read the box data
            $dataPos = $raf->Tell() - $base;
            $raf->Read($buff,$boxLen) == $boxLen or $err = '', last;
            $valuePtr = 0;
            $dataLen = $boxLen;
        } elsif ($pos + $boxLen > $dirEnd) {
            $err = '';
            last;
        } else {
            $valuePtr = $pos;
        }
        if (defined $tagInfo and not $tagInfo) {
            # GetTagInfo() required the value for a Condition
            my $tmpVal = substr($$dataPt, $valuePtr, $boxLen < 128 ? $boxLen : 128);
            $tagInfo = $et->GetTagInfo($tagTablePtr, $boxID, \$tmpVal);
        }
        # delete all UUID boxes and any writable box if deleting all information
        if ($outfile and $tagInfo) {
            if ($boxID eq 'uuid' and $$et{DEL_GROUP}{'*'}) {
                $et->VPrint(0, "  Deleting $$tagInfo{Name}\n");
                ++$$et{CHANGED};
                next;
            } elsif ($$tagInfo{Writable}) {
                my $isOverwriting;
                if ($$et{DEL_GROUP}{Jpeg2000}) {
                    $isOverwriting = 1;
                } else {
                    my $nvHash = $et->GetNewValueHash($tagInfo);
                    $isOverwriting = $et->IsOverwriting($nvHash);
                }
                if ($isOverwriting) {
                    my $val = substr($$dataPt, $valuePtr, $boxLen);
                    $et->VerboseValue("- Jpeg2000:$$tagInfo{Name}", $val);
                    ++$$et{CHANGED};
                    next;
                } elsif (not $$tagInfo{List}) {
                    delete $$et{AddJp2Tags}{$boxID};
                }
            }
        }
        if ($verbose) {
            $et->VerboseInfo($boxID, $tagInfo,
                Table  => $tagTablePtr,
                DataPt => $dataPt,
                Size   => $boxLen,
                Start  => $valuePtr,
                Addr   => $valuePtr + $dataPos + $base,
            );
            next unless $tagInfo;
        }
        if ($$tagInfo{SubDirectory}) {
            my $subdir = $$tagInfo{SubDirectory};
            my $subdirStart = $valuePtr;
            if (defined $$subdir{Start}) {
                #### eval Start ($valuePtr)
                $subdirStart = eval($$subdir{Start});
            }
            my $subdirLen = $boxLen - ($subdirStart - $valuePtr);
            my %subdirInfo = (
                Parent => 'JP2',
                DataPt => $dataPt,
                DataPos => -$subdirStart, # (relative to Base)
                DataLen => $dataLen,
                DirStart => $subdirStart,
                DirLen => $subdirLen,
                DirName => $$subdir{DirName} || $$tagInfo{Name},
                OutFile => $outfile,
                Base => $base + $dataPos + $subdirStart,
            );
            my $uuid = $uuid{$$tagInfo{Name}};
            # remove "UUID-" prefix to allow appropriate directories to be written as a block
            $subdirInfo{DirName} =~ s/^UUID-//;
            my $subTable = GetTagTable($$subdir{TagTable}) || $tagTablePtr;
            if ($outfile) {
                # remove this directory from our create list
                delete $$et{AddJp2Dirs}{$$tagInfo{Name}};
                my $newdir;
                # only edit writable UUID boxes
                if ($uuid) {
                    $newdir = $et->WriteDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $subTable, $$subdir{WriteProc});
                    next if defined $newdir and not length $newdir; # next if deleting the box
                } elsif (defined $uuid) {
                    $et->Warn("Not editing $$tagInfo{Name} box", 1);
                }
                # use old box data if not changed
                defined $newdir or $newdir = substr($$dataPt, $subdirStart, $subdirLen);
                my $prefixLen = $subdirStart - $valuePtr;
                my $boxhdr = pack('N', length($newdir) + 8 + $prefixLen) . $boxID;
                $boxhdr .= substr($$dataPt, $valuePtr, $prefixLen) if $prefixLen;
                Write($outfile, $boxhdr, $newdir) or $err = 1;
            } else {
                # extract as a block if specified
                $subdirInfo{BlockInfo} = $tagInfo if $$tagInfo{BlockExtract};
                $et->Warn("Reading non-standard $$tagInfo{Name} box") if defined $uuid and $uuid eq '0';
                unless ($et->ProcessDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $subTable, $$subdir{ProcessProc})) {
                    if ($subTable eq $tagTablePtr) {
                        $err = 'JPEG 2000 format error';
                        last;
                    }
                    $et->Warn("Unrecognized $$tagInfo{Name} box");
                }
            }
        } elsif ($$tagInfo{Format} and not $outfile) {
            # only save tag values if Format was specified
            my $rational;
            my $val = ReadValue($dataPt, $valuePtr, $$tagInfo{Format}, undef, $boxLen, \$rational);
            if (defined $val) {
                my $key = $et->FoundTag($tagInfo, $val);
                # save Rational value
                $$et{RATIONAL}{$key} = $rational if defined $rational and defined $key;
            }
        } elsif ($outfile) {
            my $boxhdr = pack('N', $boxLen + 8) . $boxID;
            Write($outfile, $boxhdr, substr($$dataPt, $valuePtr, $boxLen)) or $err = 1;
        }
    }
    if (defined $err) {
        $err or $err = 'Truncated JPEG 2000 box';
        if ($outfile) {
            $et->Error($err) unless $err eq '1';
            return $raf ? -1 : undef;
        }
        $et->Warn($err);
    }
    return $outBuff if $outfile and not $raf;
    return 1;
}

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read/write meta information from a JPEG 2000 image
# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) dirInfo reference
# Returns: 1 on success, 0 if this wasn't a valid JPEG 2000 file, or -1 on write error
sub ProcessJP2($$)
{
    local $_;
    my ($et, $dirInfo) = @_;
    my $raf = $$dirInfo{RAF};
    my $outfile = $$dirInfo{OutFile};
    my $hdr;

    # check to be sure this is a valid JPG2000 file
    return 0 unless $raf->Read($hdr,12) == 12;
    unless ($hdr eq "\x00\x00\x00\x0cjP  \x0d\x0a\x87\x0a" or     # (ref 1)
            $hdr eq "\x00\x00\x00\x0cjP\x1a\x1a\x0d\x0a\x87\x0a") # (ref 2)
    {
        return 0 unless $hdr =~ /^\xff\x4f\xff\x51\0/;  # check for JP2 codestream format
        if ($outfile) {
            $et->Error('Writing of J2C files is not yet supported');
            return 0
        }
        # add J2C markers if not done already
        unless ($Image::ExifTool::jpegMarker{0x4f}) {
            $Image::ExifTool::jpegMarker{$_} = $j2cMarker{$_} foreach keys %j2cMarker;
        }
        $et->SetFileType('J2C');
        $raf->Seek(0,0);
        return $et->ProcessJPEG($dirInfo);    # decode with JPEG processor
    }
    if ($outfile) {
        Write($outfile, $hdr) or return -1;
        $et->InitWriteDirs(\%jp2Map);
        # save list of directories to create
        my %addDirs = %{$$et{ADD_DIRS}};
        $$et{AddJp2Dirs} = \%addDirs;
        $$et{AddJp2Tags} = $et->GetNewTagInfoHash(\%Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::Main);
    } else {
        my ($buff, $fileType);
        # recognize JPX and JPM as unique types of JP2
        if ($raf->Read($buff, 12) == 12 and $buff =~ /^.{4}ftyp(.{4})/s) {
            $fileType = 'JPX' if $1 eq 'jpx ';
            $fileType = 'JPM' if $1 eq 'jpm ';
        }
        $raf->Seek(-length($buff), 1) if defined $buff;
        $et->SetFileType($fileType);
    }
    SetByteOrder('MM'); # JPEG 2000 files are big-endian
    my %dirInfo = (
        RAF => $raf,
        DirName => 'JP2',
        OutFile => $$dirInfo{OutFile},
    );
    my $tagTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000::Main');
    return $et->ProcessDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
}

1;  # end

__END__

=head1 NAME

Image::ExifTool::Jpeg2000 - Read JPEG 2000 meta information

=head1 SYNOPSIS

This module is used by Image::ExifTool

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module contains routines required by Image::ExifTool to read JPEG 2000
files.

=head1 AUTHOR

Copyright 2003-2017, Phil Harvey (phil at owl.phy.queensu.ca)

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.

=head1 REFERENCES

=over 4

=item L<http://www.jpeg.org/public/fcd15444-2.pdf>

=item L<ftp://ftp.remotesensing.org/jpeg2000/fcd15444-1.pdf>

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<Image::ExifTool::TagNames/Jpeg2000 Tags>,
L<Image::ExifTool(3pm)|Image::ExifTool>

=cut