/usr/share/octave/packages/image-2.2.2/imtransform.m is in octave-image 2.2.2-1.
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##
## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
## the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
## (at your option) any later version.
##
## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
## GNU General Public License for more details.
##
## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
## along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see
## <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
## -*- texinfo -*-
## @deftypefn {Function File} {@var{B} =} imtransform (@var{A}, @var{T})
## @deftypefnx {Function File} {@var{B} =} imtransform (@var{A}, @var{T}, @var{interp})
## @deftypefnx {Function File} {@var{B} =} imtransform (@dots{}, @var{prop}, @var{val})
## @deftypefnx {Function File} {[@var{B}, @var{xdata}, @var{ydata}] =} imtransform (@dots{})
## Transform image.
##
## Given an image @var{A} in one space, returns an image @var{B}
## resulting from the forward transform defined in the transformation
## structure @var{T}. An additionnal input argument @var{interp},
## 'bicubic', 'bilinear' (default) or 'nearest',
## specifies the interpolation method to be used. Finally, the
## transformation can be tuned using @var{prop}/@var{val} pairs. The
## following properties are supported:
##
## @table @asis
## @item "udata"
## Specifies the input space horizontal limits. Value must be a two
## elements vector [minval maxval]. Default: [1 columns(@var{A})]
##
## @item "vdata"
## Specifies the input space vertical limits. Value must be a two
## elements vector [minval maxval]. Default: [1 rows(@var{A})]
##
## @item "xdata"
## Specifies the requiered output space horizontal limits. Value must
## be a two elements vector [minval maxval]. Default: estimated using
## udata, vdata and findbounds function.
##
## @item "ydata"
## Specifies the requiered output space vertical limits. Value must
## be a two elements vector [minval maxval]. Default: estimated using
## udata, vdata and findbounds function.
##
## @item "xyscale"
## Specifies the output scale in outputspace_units/pixel. If a scalar
## is provided, both vertical and horizontal dimensions are scaled the
## same way. If @var{val} is a two element vector, it must indicate
## consecutively horizontal and vertical scales. Default value is
## computed using the input space scale provided
## that the number of pixel of any dimension of the output image does
## not exceed 20000.
##
## @item "size"
## Size of the output image (1-by-2 vector). Overrides the effect of
## "xyscale" property.
##
## @item "fillvalues"
## Color of the areas where no interpolation where possible, e.g. when
## coorfinates of points in the output space are out of the limits of
## the input space. @var{val} must be coherent with the input image
## format: for grayscale and indexed images (2D) @var{val} must be
## scalar, for RGB (n-by-m-by-3) @var{val} must be a 3 element vector.
##
## @end table
##
## The actual output limits, @var{xdata} and @var{ydata} vectors,
## are returned respectively as second and third output variables.
## @seealso{maketform, cp2tform, tforminv, tformfwd, findbounds}
## @end deftypefn
## Author: Pantxo Diribarne <pantxo@dibona>
function [varargout] = imtransform (im, T, varargin)
if (nargin < 2)
print_usage ();
elseif (! istform (T))
error ("imtransform: T must be a transformation structure (see `maketform')");
endif
## Parameters
interp = "linear";
imdepth = size (im, 3);
maximsize = [20000 20000];
udata = [1; columns(im)];
vdata = [1; rows(im)];
xdata = ydata = [];
xyscale = [];
imsize = [];
fillvalues = ones (1, imdepth) * NaN;
if (isempty (varargin))
xydata = findbounds (T, [udata vdata]);
xdata = xydata(:,1);
ydata = xydata(:,2);
else
## interp
if (floor (numel (varargin)/2) != numel (varargin)/2)
allowed = {"bicubic", "bilinear", "nearest"};
tst = strcmp (varargin{1}, allowed);
if (!any (tst))
error ("imtransform: expect one of %s as interp method", disp (allowed));
else
interp = {"pchip", "linear", "nearest"}{find (tst)};
endif
varargin = varargin(2:end);
endif
## options
allowed = {"udata", "vdata", "xdata", "ydata", ...
"xyscale", "size", "fillvalues"};
props = varargin(1:2:end);
vals = varargin(2:2:end);
np = numel (props);
if (!all (cellfun (@ischar, props)))
error ("imtransform: expect property/value pairs.");
endif
props = tolower (props);
tst = cellfun (@(x) any (strcmp (x, allowed)), props);
if (!all (tst))
error ("imtransform: unknown property %s", disp (props{!tst}));
endif
## u(vxy)data
iolims = allowed(1:4);
for ii = 1:numel (iolims)
tst = cellfun (@(x) any (strcmp (x, iolims{ii})), props);
if (any (tst))
prop = props{find (tst)(1)};
val = vals{find (tst)(1)};
if (isnumeric (val) && numel (val) == 2)
if (isrow (val))
val = val';
endif
eval (sprintf ("%s = val;", prop),
"error (\"imtransform: %s\n\", lasterr ());");
else
error ("imtransform: expect 2 elements real vector for %s", prop)
endif
endif
endfor
if (isempty (xdata) && isempty (ydata))
xydata = findbounds (T, [udata vdata]);
xdata = xydata(:,1);
ydata = xydata(:,2);
elseif (isempty (xdata))
xydata = findbounds (T, [udata vdata]);
xdata = xydata(:,1);
elseif (isempty (ydata))
xydata = findbounds (T, [udata vdata]);
ydata = xydata(:,2);
endif
## size and xyscale
tst = strcmp ("size", props);
if (any (tst))
val = vals{find (tst)(1)};
if (isnumeric (val) && numel (val) == 2 &&
all (val > 0))
imsize = val;
else
error ("imtransform: expect 2 elements real vector for size");
endif
elseif (any (tst = strcmp ("xyscale", props)))
val = vals{find (tst)(1)};
if (isnumeric (val) && all (val > 0))
if (numel (val) == 1)
xyscale(1:2) = val;
elseif (numel (val) == 2)
xyscale = val;
else
error ("imtransform: expect 1 or 2 element(s) real vector for xyscale");
endif
else
error ("imtransform: expect 1 or 2 elements real vector for xyscale");
endif
else
xyscale = [(diff (udata) / columns (im)) (diff (vdata) / rows (im))];
endif
## Fillvalues
tst = strcmp ("fillvalues", props);
if (any (tst))
val = vals{find (tst)(1)};
if (isnumeric (val) && numel (val) == 1)
fillvalues(1:end) = val;
elseif (isnumeric (val) && numel (val) == 3)
fillvalues = val;
else
error ("imtransform: expect 1 or 3 elements real vector for `fillvalues'");
endif
endif
endif
## Ouput/Input pixels
if (isempty (imsize))
if (isempty (xyscale))
xyscale = [(diff (udata) / columns (im)) (diff (vdata) / rows (im))];
endif
xscale = xyscale(1);
yscale = xyscale(2);
xsize = floor (diff (xdata) / xscale);
ysize = floor (diff (ydata) / yscale);
if (xsize > maximsize(2) || ysize > maximsize(1))
if (xsize >= ysize)
scalefactor = (diff (xdata) / maximsize(2)) / xscale;
else
scalefactor = (diff (ydata) / maximsize(1)) / yscale;
endif
xscale *= scalefactor
yscale *= scalefactor
xsize = floor (diff (xdata) / xscale);
ysize = floor (diff (ydata) / yscale);
warning ("imtransform: output image two large, adjusting the largest dimension to %d", maximsize);
endif
imsize = [ysize xsize];
endif
[xx yy] = meshgrid (linspace (xdata(1), xdata(2), imsize(2)),
linspace (ydata(1), ydata(2), imsize(1)));
[uu vv] = meshgrid (linspace (udata(1), udata(2), size(im)(2)),
linspace (vdata(1), vdata(2), size(im)(1)));
## Input coordinates
[uui, vvi] = tforminv (T, reshape (xx, numel (xx), 1),
reshape (yy, numel (yy), 1));
uui = reshape (uui, size (xx));
vvi = reshape (vvi, size (yy));
## Interpolation
for layer = 1:imdepth
imout(:,:,layer) = interp2 (uu, vv, im(:,:,layer), ...
uui, vvi, interp, fillvalues(layer));
endfor
if (nargout == 1)
varargout{1} = imout;
else
varargout = {imout, xdata, ydata};
endif
endfunction
%!demo
%! ## Various linear transforms
%! figure ();
%! im = [checkerboard(20, 2, 4); checkerboard(40, 1, 2)];
%! %input space corners
%! incp = [1 1; 160 1; 160 160; 1 160];
%! udata = [min(incp(:,1)) max(incp(:,1))];
%! vdata = [min(incp(:,2)) max(incp(:,2))];
%! subplot (2,3,1);
%! imshow (im)
%! hold on
%! plot (incp(:,1), incp(:,2), 'ob')
%! axis on
%! xlabel ('Original')
%!
%! % Translation and scaling
%! outcp = incp * 2;
%! outcp(:,1) += 200;
%! outcp(:,2) += 500;
%! T = maketform ('affine', incp(1:3,:), outcp(1:3,:));
%! subplot (2,3,2);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', udata,
%! 'vdata', vdata, 'fillvalues', 1);
%! imh = imshow (im2); set (imh, 'xdata', xdata, 'ydata', ydata)
%! set (gca, 'xlim', xdata, 'ylim', ydata)
%! axis on, hold on, xlabel ('Translation / Scaling');
%! plot (outcp(:,1), outcp(:,2), 'or')
%!
%! % Shear
%! outcp = [1 1; 160 1; 140 160; -19 160]; % affine only needs 3 control points
%! T = maketform ('affine', incp(1:3,:), outcp(1:3,:));
%! subplot (2,3,3);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', udata,
%! 'vdata', vdata, 'fillvalues', 1);
%! imh = imshow (im2); set (imh, 'xdata', xdata, 'ydata', ydata)
%! set (gca, 'xlim', xdata, 'ylim', ydata)
%! axis on, hold on, xlabel ('Shear');
%! plot (outcp(:,1), outcp(:,2), 'or')
%!
%! % Rotation
%! theta = pi/4;
%! T = maketform ('affine', [cos(theta) -sin(theta); ...
%! sin(theta) cos(theta); 0 0]);
%! outcp = tformfwd (T, incp);
%! subplot (2,3,4);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', udata,
%! 'vdata', vdata, 'fillvalues', 1 );
%! imh = imshow (im2); set (imh, 'xdata', xdata, 'ydata', ydata)
%! set (gca, 'xlim', xdata, 'ylim', ydata)
%! axis on, hold on, xlabel ('Rotation');
%! plot (outcp(:,1), outcp(:,2), 'or')
%!
%! % Reflection around x axis
%! outcp = incp;
%! outcp(:,2) *= -1;
%! T = cp2tform (incp, outcp, 'similarity');
%! subplot (2,3,5);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', udata,
%! 'vdata', vdata, 'fillvalues', 1 );
%! imh = imshow (im2); set (imh, 'xdata', xdata, 'ydata', ydata)
%! set (gca, 'xlim', xdata, 'ylim', ydata)
%! axis on, hold on, xlabel ('Reflection');
%! plot (outcp(:,1), outcp(:,2), 'or')
%!
%! % Projection
%! outcp = [1 1; 160 -40; 220 220; 12 140];
%! T = maketform ('projective', incp, outcp);
%! subplot (2,3,6);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', udata,
%! 'vdata', vdata, 'fillvalues', 1 );
%! imh = imshow (im2); set (imh, 'xdata', xdata, 'ydata', ydata)
%! set (gca, 'xlim', xdata, 'ylim', ydata)
%! axis on, hold on, xlabel ('Projection');
%! plot (outcp(:,1), outcp(:,2), 'or')
%!demo
%! ## Streched image
%! rad = 2; % minimum value: 4/pi
%! [uu vv] = meshgrid ((-2:2)/rad, (-2:2)/rad);
%! rescfactor = sin ((uu.^2 + vv.^2).^.5);
%! inpts = [(reshape (uu, numel (uu), 1)), (reshape (vv, numel (uu), 1))];
%! xx = rescfactor .* sign(uu);
%! yy = rescfactor .* sign(vv);
%! outpts = [reshape(xx, numel (xx), 1) reshape(yy, numel (yy), 1)];
%!
%! T = cp2tform (inpts, outpts, "polynomial", 4);
%! figure;
%! subplot (1,2,1)
%! im = zeros (800, 800, 3);
%! im(:,:,1) = checkerboard (100) > 0.2;
%! im(:,:,3) = checkerboard (100) < 0.2;
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', [-2 2],
%! 'vdata', [-2 2], 'fillvalues',
%! [0 1 0]);
%! imh = imshow (im2);
%! set (imh, 'xdata', xdata, 'ydata', ydata)
%! set (gca, 'xlim', xdata, 'ylim', ydata)
%! [im cmap] = imread ('default.img');
%! subplot (1,2,2)
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', [-1 1],
%! 'vdata', [-1 1], 'fillvalues',
%! round (length (cmap) / 2));
%! imh = imshow (im2, cmap);
%!test
%! im = checkerboard ();
%! incp = [0 0; 0 1; 1 1];
%! scl = 10;
%! outcp = scl * incp;
%! T = maketform ('affine', incp, outcp);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'udata', [0 1],
%! 'vdata', [0 1], 'size', [500 500]);
%! assert (xdata, scl * ([0; 1]))
%! assert (ydata, scl * ([0; 1]))
%! assert (size (im2), [500 500])
%!test
%! im = checkerboard ();
%! incp = [0 0; 0 1; 1 1];
%! scl = 10;
%! outcp = scl * incp;
%! xyscale = scl;
%! T = maketform ('affine', incp, outcp);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T, 'xyscale', xyscale);
%! assert (size (im2), size (im), 1)
%!test
%! im = checkerboard (100, 10, 4);
%! theta = 2 * pi;
%! T = maketform ('affine', [cos(theta) -sin(theta); ...
%! sin(theta) cos(theta); 0 0]);
%! im2 = imtransform (im, T, 'nearest');
%! im = im(2:end-1, 2:end-1); %avoid boundaries
%! im2 = im2(2:end-1, 2:end-1);
%! assert (im, im2)
%!test
%! im = checkerboard (20, 10, 4);
%! theta = pi/6;
%! T = maketform ('affine', [cos(theta) -sin(theta); ...
%! sin(theta) cos(theta); 0 0]);
%! [im2 xdata ydata] = imtransform (im, T);
%! udata = [1 columns(im)];
%! vdata = [1 rows(im)];
%! diag = sqrt (udata(2)^2 + vdata(2)^2);
%! ang = atan (vdata(2) / udata(2));
%! assert (max (abs (xdata)), diag * abs (cos (theta - ang)),
%! max (size (im)) * eps)
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